Multi-Head Attention Spatial-Temporal Graph Neural Networks for Traffic Forecasting

Accurate traffic prediction is crucial for an intelligent traffic system (ITS). However, the excessive non-linearity and complexity of the spatial-temporal correlation in traffic flow severely limit the prediction accuracy of most existing models, which simply stack temporal and spatial modules and fail to capture spatial-temporal features effectively. To improve the prediction accuracy, a multi-head attention spatial-temporal graph neural network (MSTNet) is proposed in this paper. First, the traffic data is decomposed into unique time spans that conform to positive rules, and valuable traffic node attributes are mined through an adaptive graph structure. Second, time and spatial features are captured using a multi-head attention spatial-temporal module. Finally, a multi-step prediction module is used to achieve future traffic condition prediction. Numerical experiments were conducted on an open-source dataset, and the results demonstrate that MSTNet performs well in spatial-temporal feature extraction and achieves more positive forecasting results than the baseline methods.

A New System for Road Traffic Optimisation Using the Virtual Traffic Light Technology

Large cities suffer from traffic congestion,particularly at intersections,due to a large number of vehicles,which leads to the loss of time by increasing carbon emissions,including fuel consumption.Therefore,the need for optimising the flow of vehicles at different intersections and reducing the waiting time is a critical challenge.Conventional traffic lights have been used to control traffic flow at different intersections and have been improved to become more efficient by using different algorithms,sensors and cameras.However,they also face some challenges,such as high-cost installation,operation,and maintenance issues.This paper develops a new system based on the Virtual Traffic Light(VTL)technology to improve traffic flow at different intersections and reduce the encountered loss of time and vehicles’travel time.Additionally,it reduces the costs of installation,maintenance and operation over various conventional traffic light systems.Consequently,the system proposes algorithms for traffic scheduling and lane identification by using vehicle ID,priority and time of arrival.To evaluate the system,four scenarios were presented where each scenario uses a different number of vehicles consisting of three types(emergency vehicles,public buses and private vehicles),each given a different priority.The proposed system is evaluated by integrating two simulators,namely,(OMNeT++)and(SUMO),and two frameworks,namely,(VEINS)and(INET)to prepare an appropriate working environment.the results prove that an improvement in the average travel time for several vehicles reaches 44.43%–49.76%compared with conventional traffic lights.Further,it is proven from the obtained results that the average waiting time for emergency vehicles is enhanced by 96.63%–97.63%,while the average waiting time for public buses is improved by 94.81%–97.23%.On the other hand,the waiting time for private vehicles‘improved by 87.14%to 89.71%’.

Key technologies and applications of intelligent dispatching command for high-speed railway in China

Purpose–The intelligent Central Traffic Control(CTC)system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway(HSR)system.As the core of HSR transportation command,the intelligent CTC system is a new HSR dispatching command system that integrates the widely used CTC in China with the practical service requirements of intelligent dispatching.This paper aims to propose key technologies and applications for intelligent dispatching command in HSR in China.Design/methodology/approach–This paper first briefly introduces the functions and configuration of the intelligent CTC system.Some new servers,terminals and interfaces are introduced,which are plan adjustment server/terminal,interface for automatic train operation(ATO),interface for Dynamic Monitoring System of Train Control Equipment(DMS),interface for Power Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(PSCADA),interface for Disaster Monitoring,etc.Findings–The key technologies applied in the intelligent CTC system include automatic adjustment of train operation plans,safety control of train routes and commands,traffic information data platform,integrated simulation of traffic dispatching and ATO function.These technologies have been applied in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR,which commenced operations at the end of 2019.Implementing these key intelligent functions has improved the train dispatching command capacity,ensured the safe operation of intelligent HSR,reduced the labor intensity of dispatching operators and enhanced the intelligence level of China’s dispatching system.Originality/value–This paper provides further challenges and research directions for the intelligent dispatching command of HSR.To achieve the objectives,new measures need to be conducted,including the development of advanced technologies for intelligent dispatching command,coping with new requirements with the development of China’s railway signaling system,the integration of traffic dispatching and train control and the application of AI and data-driven modeling and methods.

Research on an Urban Traffic Control System Based on DGPS

The basic principles of GPS (Global Positioning System) and DGPS (Differential GPS) are described. The principle and structure of vehicle navigation systems, and its application to the urban traffic flow guidance are analyzed. Then, an area coordinated adaptive control system based on DGPS and a traffic flow guidance information system based on DGPS are put forward, and their working principles and functions are researched. This is to provides a new way for the development of urban road traffic control systems.

Design of Traffic Light Based on Field Programmable Gate Array

The use of fixed-time traffic lights for road traffic control has the disadvantage of low traffic efficiency. In order to optimize the vehicle traffic at the intersection, this paper proposes a design scheme of a real-time control system for road intelligent traffic lights based on FPGA. The system adopts the polling control model, the vehicle detector detects the arrival rate of vehicles, and obtains the corresponding traffic light green time length according to the traffic rules and polling model theory. Using Altera’s Cyclone IV series EP4CE15E22C8 chip as the development platform, a specific design plan is given. The circuit mainly includes program-controlled amplifier module, AD acquisition module, cross-correlation calculation module, serial port transmission and Lab-VIEW module. The system can realize the intelligent adjustment of traffic lights. Different vehicle arrival rates are detected at different times, so that the corresponding traffic light configuration time length changes accordingly. This intelligent adjustment controls road traffic and makes the main and branch roads coordinate and cooperate, thereby improving the traffic efficiency of the intersection.

An Urban Traffic Monitoring System Based on the ArcGIS Engine

The growing number of vehicles makes traffic jams and accidents significant problems. Making people get to know the real-time road condition can mitigate the effect of congestions greatly, but this is not supported by traditional traffic assistant systems. The intelligent traffic system is born to settle these problems. By making full use of the ArcGIS （Arc Geographic Information System） Engine characteristics, this paper designs and imple- ments an urban traffic monitoring system. The main functions of the system include the real-time road condition information display, layer-control, supervisory control management and the basic operations of a map. With the data collected by monitors deployed in intersections, different road conditions are calculated and shown with dif- ferent colors on the map and users can choose suitable roads to get away from the traffic congestion; meanwhile it can offer a reference for a traffic management department to make decisions on traffic control. The system has been deployed and shows high practicability and reliability in practical use.

Excavation of the Internet of Things in Urban Areas Based on an Intelligent Transportation Management System

Transportation, as one of the most common aspects people use in their daily lives, has resulted in highly complex traffic in urban areas due to the large number of private vehicles. As some results of the traffic congestion, there is energy consumption, environmental pollution, unplanned accidents, and time is wasted due to congestion and traffic jams. With the aid of the Internet of Things (IoT), which is an excellent computerized technology solution for all field claims, Internet of Things (IoT) technology has recently provided an efficient and effective traffic management system, especially in transportation, due to the combined functions IoT can handle, there are management, monitoring, tracking, identifying, computing, and so on. This article provided a comprehensive overview of a variety of intelligent management systems that have been built using IoT to alleviate traffic congestion.

Shadow Extraction and Elimination of Moving Vehicles for Tracking Vehicles

Shadow extraction and elimination is essential for intelligent transportation systems(ITS)in vehicle tracking application.The shadow is the source of error for vehicle detection,which causes misclassification of vehicles and a high false alarm rate in the research of vehicle counting,vehicle detection,vehicle tracking,and classification.Most of the existing research is on shadow extraction of moving vehicles in high intensity and on standard datasets,but the process of extracting shadows from moving vehicles in low light of real scenes is difficult.The real scenes of vehicles dataset are generated by self on the Vadodara–Mumbai highway during periods of poor illumination for shadow extraction of moving vehicles to address the above problem.This paper offers a robust shadow extraction of moving vehicles and its elimination for vehicle tracking.The method is distributed into two phases:In the first phase,we extract foreground regions using a mixture of Gaussian model,and then in the second phase,with the help of the Gamma correction,intensity ratio,negative transformation,and a combination of Gaussian filters,we locate and remove the shadow region from the foreground areas.Compared to the outcomes proposed method with outcomes of an existing method,the suggested method achieves an average true negative rate of above 90%,a shadow detection rate SDR(η%),and a shadow discrimination rate SDR(ξ%)of 80%.Hence,the suggested method is more appropriate for moving shadow detection in real scenes.

高速铁路智能调度集中系统构想及关键技术

我国高速铁路调度集中系统已达到较高信息化和集成化水平,是高速铁路高效调度指挥、列车有序运行的关键支撑,但其智能化程度依然不高,存在列车运行计划调整效率较低、非正常情况下过度依赖人工操作、应急处置响应不够迅速、列车与调车作业协同困难等问题。针对高速铁路行车调度指挥现实需求,提出高速铁路智能调度集中系统构想,通过构建高速铁路行车信息大数据共享平台,实现车、机、工、电、辆等专业部门间信息共享和业务协同,可由计算机自动完成列车运行计划调整,实现列车运行图执行模拟与分析,以及列车和调车进路智能安全卡控;初步探讨基于物联网、大数据和云计算的信息共享及智能分析、列车运行计划的协调与优化、列车运行计划执行模拟与分析、不同等级列车共线运行条件下自恢复和自适应机制、基于可信动态感知的调度智能协同等关键技术,以期推动高速铁路调度集中系统的智能化发展。

基于BIM的智慧工地管理平台应用与研究

在市政工程中,BIM的三维可视化应用显得尤为重要。如何利用好模型,在BIM应用点上发散思维、寻求创新性和实用性,这是对BIM人员综合能力的考验和挑战。本文以北三环与太华路立交项目为例,在对结构构件进行力学分析的基础上,运用BIM数字化加工技术进行深化设计,并对建模软件进行二次开发,实现快速出图,同时利用BIM技术模拟交通导行方案,解决施工区域内交通拥堵问题,最后配合BIM+智慧工地建设,提升项目管理水平,打造西安首个市政智慧工地。

轨道交通装备智能化技术的研究及应用

提出了轨道交通装备智能化的概念、系统架构,总结了智能化的技术基础和应用情况,并对其发展进行了展望。

基于BP模糊神经网络的交通信号灯控制器设计

针对当前定时交通信号灯控制的落后现状,提出一种基于模糊神经网络的交通信号灯控制系统.通过模糊化处理,根据改进后BP算法进行离线训练,该系统能随时根据车辆情况智能控制信号灯的时间.实验表明该控制器与单纯用模糊控制比较,控制精度高、响应速度快、智能化程度高和鲁棒性好.

集成化城市交通控制系统研究与开发

讨论了一个新型的集成化城市交通控制系统的研究与开发。介绍了目前城市交通控制系统的发展趋势——集成化和智能化,在此基础上研究了所开发的集成化城市交通控制系统的开发原理、系统原型和系统结构(包括系统物理结构及逻辑结构)。介绍了系统中所使用的交通流预测模型及其核心实现模块,包括主控制模块、通信协议转换模块、数据分析及显示模块、功能扩展模块和系统中心软件模块。

交通拥堵的治本之道——城市不间断通行道路交通系统介绍

介绍了一种"城市不间断通行道路交通系统"。它是一个能够确保不会堵车的、高效快捷的智能化道路交通系统。这种交通系统没有红绿灯,车辆通行全过程不用停顿等候,排除了各种车辆通行的干扰因素,去除了各种交通瓶颈,避免了不同流向车流之间的交叉干扰,道路通行能力提高6倍以上,能自动保障公交、大中客车全天候畅行,能自动控制道路车流量。在这个系统中,还包括一个快捷高效的公交系统,确保乘坐公交上下班,主城区20 km路程包括换乘时间只需30 min。

浅谈信息技术与交通运输

对信息技术在交通运输中的应用作了分析,并在此基础上提出了交通运输的发展趋势,即交通运输管理智能化。

城市交通与GIS

主要介绍了城市交通与GIS之间的密切联系及相互之间的支撑与需要。

基于STC89C52单片机的智能交通灯控制系统设计

随着社会的发展,城市交通拥堵已经成为影响经济发展的一个重要问题,如何改善交通拥堵,提高道路的通行效率是当下研究的热点。文章设计并制作了一款基于STC89C52单片机的智能交通灯控制系统,不仅实现交通灯的基本功能,而且可以通过按钮调节主次干道的通行时间,设置紧急情况按钮,允许紧急车辆强行通过,根据时间表对交通灯点亮和熄灭时间进行自动调整,用智能化的交通控制系统改善道路拥堵,提高通行率。

高速铁路调度集中系统智能化研究及设计

重点分析了高速铁路调度集中系统的现状,在既有系统的基础上,结合当前的新兴技术对高铁调度集中系统的智能化展开了研究和设计,并对系统功能需求进行了详细的阐述.

浅谈交通运输的发展趋势

介绍了各种运输方式的经济提速空间,并对提高速度、加大载重、智能化和环保化等运输方式的发展趋势进行了阐述,指出用现代信息技术来改造和提升了传统的运输产业,可实现交通运输的全面现代化。