Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is one of the important power sources for building a new power system with new energy as the main body.The rapid development of distributed PV has brought new challenges to the operation of...Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is one of the important power sources for building a new power system with new energy as the main body.The rapid development of distributed PV has brought new challenges to the operation of distribution networks.In order to improve the absorption ability of large-scale distributed PV access to the distribution network,the AC/DC hybrid distribution network is constructed based on flexible interconnection technology,and a coordinated scheduling strategy model of hydrogen energy storage(HS)and distributed PV is established.Firstly,the mathematical model of distributed PV and HS system is established,and a comprehensive energy storage system combining seasonal hydrogen energy storage(SHS)and battery(BT)is proposed.Then,a flexible interconnected distribution network scheduling optimization model is established to minimize the total active power loss,voltage deviation and system operating cost.Finally,simulation analysis is carried out on the improved IEEE33 node,the NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve specific examples,and the optimal scheduling results of the comprehensive economy and power quality of the distribution network are obtained.Compared with the method that does not consider HS and flexible interconnection technology,the network loss and voltage deviation of this method are lower,and the total system cost can be reduced by 3.55%,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.展开更多
The increasing proportion of distributed photovoltaics(DPVs)and electric vehicle charging stations in low-voltage distribution networks(LVDNs)has resulted in challenges such as distribution transformer overloads and v...The increasing proportion of distributed photovoltaics(DPVs)and electric vehicle charging stations in low-voltage distribution networks(LVDNs)has resulted in challenges such as distribution transformer overloads and voltage violations.To address these problems,we propose a coordinated planning method for flexible interconnections and energy storage systems(ESSs)to improve the accommodation capacity of DPVs.First,the power-transfer characteristics of flexible interconnection and ESSs are analyzed.The equipment costs of the voltage source converters(VSCs)and ESSs are also analyzed comprehensively,considering the differences in installation and maintenance costs for different installation locations.Second,a bilevel programming model is established to minimize the annual comprehensive cost and yearly total PV curtailment capacity.Within this framework,the upper-level model optimizes the installation locations and capacities of the VSCs and ESSs,whereas the lower-level model optimizes the operating power of the VSCs and ESSs.The proposed model is solved using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy(NSGA-II).The effectiveness of the proposed planning method is validated through an actual LVDN scenario,which demonstrates its advantages in enhancing PV accommodation capacity.In addition,the economic benefits of various planning schemes with different flexible interconnection topologies and different PV grid-connected forms are quantitatively analyzed,demonstrating the adaptability of the proposed coordinated planning method.展开更多
Some useful layered cross product decompositons are derived both for general bit permutation networks and for(2n-1)-stage multistage interconnection networks.Several issues in related works are clarified and the rearr...Some useful layered cross product decompositons are derived both for general bit permutation networks and for(2n-1)-stage multistage interconnection networks.Several issues in related works are clarified and the rearrangeability of some interesting networks are considered.In particular, the rearrangeability of one class of networks is formulated as a new type of combinatorial design problmes.展开更多
Scalability is an important issue in the design of interconnection networks for massively parallel systems. In this paper a scalable class of interconnection network of Hex-Cell for massively parallel systems is intro...Scalability is an important issue in the design of interconnection networks for massively parallel systems. In this paper a scalable class of interconnection network of Hex-Cell for massively parallel systems is introduced. It is called Multilayer Hex-Cell (MLH). A node addressing scheme and routing algorithm are also presented and discussed. An interesting feature of the proposed MLH is that it maintains a constant network degree regardless of the increase in the network size degree which facilitates modularity in building blocks of scalable systems. The new addressing node scheme makes the proposed routing algorithm simple and efficient in terms of that it needs a minimum number of calculations to reach the destination node. Moreover, the diameter of the proposed MLH is less than Hex-Cell network.展开更多
All-to-all personalized communication,or complete exchange,is at the heart of numerous applications in paral-lel computing.It is one of the most dense communication patterns.In this paper,we consider this problem in a...All-to-all personalized communication,or complete exchange,is at the heart of numerous applications in paral-lel computing.It is one of the most dense communication patterns.In this paper,we consider this problem in a2D/3D mesh and a multidimensional interconnection network with the wormhole-routing capability.We propose complete ex-change algorithms for them respectively.We propose O(mn 2 )phase algorithm for2D mesh P m ×P n and O(mn 2 l 2 )phase algo-rithm for3D mesh P m ×P n ×P l ,where m,n,l are any positive integers.Also O(ph(G 1 )n 2 )phase algorithm is proposed for a multidimensional interconnection network G 1 ×G 2 ,where ph(G 1 )stands for complete exchange phases of G 1 and|G 2 |=n.展开更多
In order to indicate the performances of a large-scale communication network with domain partition and interconnection today, a kind of reliability index weighed by normalized capacity is defined. Based on the route r...In order to indicate the performances of a large-scale communication network with domain partition and interconnection today, a kind of reliability index weighed by normalized capacity is defined. Based on the route rules of network with domain partition and interconnection, the interconnection indexes among the nodes within the domain and among the domains are given from several aspects. It is expatiated on that the index can thoroughly represent the effect on the reliability index of the objective factor and the subjective measures of the designer, which obeys the route rules of a network with domain partition and interconnection. It is discussed that the defined index is rational and compatible with the traditional index.展开更多
Recent architectures of multi-core systems may have a relatively large number of cores that typically ranges from tens to hundreds;therefore called many-core systems.Such systems require an efficient interconnection n...Recent architectures of multi-core systems may have a relatively large number of cores that typically ranges from tens to hundreds;therefore called many-core systems.Such systems require an efficient interconnection network that tries to address two major problems.First,the overhead of power and area cost and its effect on scalability.Second,high access latency is caused by multiple cores’simultaneous accesses of the same shared module.This paper presents an interconnection scheme called N-conjugate Shuffle Clusters(NCSC)based on multi-core multicluster architecture to reduce the overhead of the just mentioned problems.NCSC eliminated the need for router devices and their complexity and hence reduced the power and area costs.It also resigned and distributed the shared caches across the interconnection network to increase the ability for simultaneous access and hence reduce the access latency.For intra-cluster communication,Multi-port Content Addressable Memory(MPCAM)is used.The experimental results using four clusters and four cores each indicated that the average access latency for a write process is 1.14785±0.04532 ns which is nearly equal to the latency of a write operation in MPCAM.Moreover,it was demonstrated that the average read latency within a cluster is 1.26226±0.090591 ns and around 1.92738±0.139588 ns for read access between cores from different clusters.展开更多
The Novel Interconnection Network (NIN) based on inverted-graph topology and crossbar switch is a kind of lower latency and higher throughput interconnection network. But it has a vital disadvantage, high hardware com...The Novel Interconnection Network (NIN) based on inverted-graph topology and crossbar switch is a kind of lower latency and higher throughput interconnection network. But it has a vital disadvantage, high hardware complexity. In order to reduce system hardware cost, an improved NIN (ININ) structure is proposed. As same as NIN, ININ has constant network diameter. Besides of keeping advantages of NIN, hardware cost of ININ is lower than NIN. Furthermore, we design a new deadlock-free routing algorithm for the improved NIN. Key words NIN - ININ - inverted-graph interconnection network - hardware complexity - network band-width - network throughput CLC number TP 302 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (69873016)Biography: Li Fei (1974-), male, Ph. D candidate, research direction: architecture of interconnection network.展开更多
In order to meet the pressing demand for wide-area communication required by the Global Energy Interconnection(GEI),accelerating the construction of satellite-terrestrial Integra怕d networks that can achieve network e...In order to meet the pressing demand for wide-area communication required by the Global Energy Interconnection(GEI),accelerating the construction of satellite-terrestrial Integra怕d networks that can achieve network extension and seamless global coverage has become the focus of power communication tech no logy development.In this study,we propose a satellite-terrestrial integrated network model that can support interconnection and interoperation on the IP layer between the satellite system and the怕rrestrial segment of the existing power communication system.First,the composition and function of the satellite-terrestrial collaborative network are explained.Then,the IP-based protocol stack is described,and a typical applicati on experime nt is con ducted to illustrate the particular process of this protocol stack.Fin ally,a use case of IP interconn ection that depends on GEO satellite communication is detailed.The experime ntal study has showed that the satellite-terrestrial collaborative network can efficiently support various IP applications for the GEI.展开更多
An important theoretic interest is to study the relations between different interconnection networks, and to compare the capability and performance of the network structures. The most popular way to do the investigati...An important theoretic interest is to study the relations between different interconnection networks, and to compare the capability and performance of the network structures. The most popular way to do the investigation is network emulation. Based on the classical voltage graph theory, the authors develop a new representation scheme for interconnection network structures. The new approach is a combination of algebraic methods and combinatorial methods. The results demonstrate that the voltage graph theory is a powerful tool for representing well known interconnection networks and in implementing optimal network emulation algorithms, and in particular, show that all popular interconnection networks have very simple and intuitive representations under the new scheme. The new representation scheme also offers powerful tools for the study of network routings and emulations. For example, we present very simple constructions for optimal network emulations from the cube connected cycles networks to the butterfly networks, and from the butterfly networks to the hypercube networks. Compared with the most popular way of network emulation, this new scheme is intuitive and easy to realize, and easy to apply to other network structures.展开更多
The reliability of a network is an important indicator for maintaining communication and ensuring its stable operation. Therefore, the assessment of reliability in underlying interconnection networks has become an inc...The reliability of a network is an important indicator for maintaining communication and ensuring its stable operation. Therefore, the assessment of reliability in underlying interconnection networks has become an increasingly important research issue. However, at present, the reliability assessment of many interconnected networks is not yet accurate,which inevitably weakens their fault tolerance and diagnostic capabilities. To improve network reliability,researchers have proposed various methods and strategies for precise assessment. This paper introduces a novel family of interconnection networks called general matching composed networks(gMCNs), which is based on the common characteristics of network topology structure. After analyzing the topological properties of gMCNs, we establish a relationship between super connectivity and conditional diagnosability of gMCNs. Furthermore, we assess the reliability of g MCNs, and determine the conditional diagnosability of many interconnection networks.展开更多
In order to reduce the complexity of neural network connectivity,a dy-namical model for unfully interconnected neural network,including its energy func-tion,local area field and learning rule,is presented.The basic id...In order to reduce the complexity of neural network connectivity,a dy-namical model for unfully interconnected neural network,including its energy func-tion,local area field and learning rule,is presented.The basic idea is to decompose aHopfield network into several subnetworks and set up some interconnections betweenthem.The statistical analysis of the associative memory process shows that the num-ber of interconnections after the first decomposition is reduced by 25% comparedwith that of the Hopfield network,but the storage capacity and the associative abilityof the network remain unchanged.With the decomposition continued,the number ofinterconnections is considerably reduced.Despite the reduction in storage capacityand associative ability with continuous decomposition,the average information capac-ity per interconnection has increased nearly by 100%.Finally the relationship be-tween high-order interconnection and multilayer network architecture is discussed.展开更多
Electric router is widely used for multi-core system to interconnect each other. However, with the increasing number of processor cores, the probability of communication conflict between processor cores increases, and...Electric router is widely used for multi-core system to interconnect each other. However, with the increasing number of processor cores, the probability of communication conflict between processor cores increases, and the data delay increases dramatically. With the advent of optical router, the traditional electrical interconnection mode has changed to optical interconnection mode. In the packet switched optical interconnection network, the data communication mechanism consists of 3 processes: link establishment, data transmission and link termination, but the circuit-switched data transmission method greatly limits the utilization of resources. The number of micro-ring resonators in the on-chip large-scale optical interconnect network is an important parameter affecting the insertion loss. The proposed λ-route, GWOR, Crossbar structure has a large overall network insertion loss due to the use of many micro-ring resonators. How to use the least micro-ring resonator to realize non-blocking communication between multiple cores has been a research hotspot. In order to improve bandwidth and reduce access latency, an optical interconnection structure called multilevel switching optical network on chip(MSONoC) is proposed in this paper. The broadband micro-ring resonators(BMRs) are employed to reduce the number of micro-ring resonators(MRs) in the network, and the structure can provide the service of non-blocking point to point communication with the wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology. The results show that compared to λ-route, GWOR, Crossbar and the new topology structure, the number of micro-ring resonators of MSONoC are reduced by 95.5%, 95.5%, 87.5%, and 60% respectively. The insertion loss of the minimum link of new topology, mesh and MSONoC structure is 0.73 dB, 0.725 dB and 0.38 dB.展开更多
Electricity being a basic national infrastructure for a country, its security, reliability and quality are the most important parameters for the network managers. Several methods are generally used to improve the volt...Electricity being a basic national infrastructure for a country, its security, reliability and quality are the most important parameters for the network managers. Several methods are generally used to improve the voltage quality more and more. However, most of the means implemented depend on external factors independent of the network managers or require huge regular financial resources. The method used in this paper is the loopback, applied to the Southern Interconnected Grid (SIG) of Cameroon, which is the largest net</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">work in the country. The procedure used takes into account nodes experiencing huge voltage drops and network constraints. The chosen loopback</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> scenario results in a clear improvement of the voltage plan in this network, and also a discharge of the transformers, a considerable decongestion of the lines, a reduction of the power losses and a significant reduction of the thermal placement used for improvement of the voltage profile.展开更多
A sorting algorithm based on the Batcher’s algorithm is presented. An 8×8 multistage interconnection network(MIN) is constructed. Applying wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology and integrating control...A sorting algorithm based on the Batcher’s algorithm is presented. An 8×8 multistage interconnection network(MIN) is constructed. Applying wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology and integrating control mode, the designed network can realize non-blocking communication. The time delay of the MIN and the switches needed are also analyzed in theory, the deduced result conforms that the MIN designed previously is feasible. In the case of the same communication quality guaranteed, MIN uses the least switches and completes the communication more efficiently.展开更多
文摘Distributed photovoltaic(PV)is one of the important power sources for building a new power system with new energy as the main body.The rapid development of distributed PV has brought new challenges to the operation of distribution networks.In order to improve the absorption ability of large-scale distributed PV access to the distribution network,the AC/DC hybrid distribution network is constructed based on flexible interconnection technology,and a coordinated scheduling strategy model of hydrogen energy storage(HS)and distributed PV is established.Firstly,the mathematical model of distributed PV and HS system is established,and a comprehensive energy storage system combining seasonal hydrogen energy storage(SHS)and battery(BT)is proposed.Then,a flexible interconnected distribution network scheduling optimization model is established to minimize the total active power loss,voltage deviation and system operating cost.Finally,simulation analysis is carried out on the improved IEEE33 node,the NSGA-II algorithm is used to solve specific examples,and the optimal scheduling results of the comprehensive economy and power quality of the distribution network are obtained.Compared with the method that does not consider HS and flexible interconnection technology,the network loss and voltage deviation of this method are lower,and the total system cost can be reduced by 3.55%,which verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Support Program of Guizhou Province([2022]General 012)the Key Science and Technology Project of China Southern Power Grid Corporation(GZKJXM20220043)。
文摘The increasing proportion of distributed photovoltaics(DPVs)and electric vehicle charging stations in low-voltage distribution networks(LVDNs)has resulted in challenges such as distribution transformer overloads and voltage violations.To address these problems,we propose a coordinated planning method for flexible interconnections and energy storage systems(ESSs)to improve the accommodation capacity of DPVs.First,the power-transfer characteristics of flexible interconnection and ESSs are analyzed.The equipment costs of the voltage source converters(VSCs)and ESSs are also analyzed comprehensively,considering the differences in installation and maintenance costs for different installation locations.Second,a bilevel programming model is established to minimize the annual comprehensive cost and yearly total PV curtailment capacity.Within this framework,the upper-level model optimizes the installation locations and capacities of the VSCs and ESSs,whereas the lower-level model optimizes the operating power of the VSCs and ESSs.The proposed model is solved using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy(NSGA-II).The effectiveness of the proposed planning method is validated through an actual LVDN scenario,which demonstrates its advantages in enhancing PV accommodation capacity.In addition,the economic benefits of various planning schemes with different flexible interconnection topologies and different PV grid-connected forms are quantitatively analyzed,demonstrating the adaptability of the proposed coordinated planning method.
文摘Some useful layered cross product decompositons are derived both for general bit permutation networks and for(2n-1)-stage multistage interconnection networks.Several issues in related works are clarified and the rearrangeability of some interesting networks are considered.In particular, the rearrangeability of one class of networks is formulated as a new type of combinatorial design problmes.
文摘Scalability is an important issue in the design of interconnection networks for massively parallel systems. In this paper a scalable class of interconnection network of Hex-Cell for massively parallel systems is introduced. It is called Multilayer Hex-Cell (MLH). A node addressing scheme and routing algorithm are also presented and discussed. An interesting feature of the proposed MLH is that it maintains a constant network degree regardless of the increase in the network size degree which facilitates modularity in building blocks of scalable systems. The new addressing node scheme makes the proposed routing algorithm simple and efficient in terms of that it needs a minimum number of calculations to reach the destination node. Moreover, the diameter of the proposed MLH is less than Hex-Cell network.
文摘All-to-all personalized communication,or complete exchange,is at the heart of numerous applications in paral-lel computing.It is one of the most dense communication patterns.In this paper,we consider this problem in a2D/3D mesh and a multidimensional interconnection network with the wormhole-routing capability.We propose complete ex-change algorithms for them respectively.We propose O(mn 2 )phase algorithm for2D mesh P m ×P n and O(mn 2 l 2 )phase algo-rithm for3D mesh P m ×P n ×P l ,where m,n,l are any positive integers.Also O(ph(G 1 )n 2 )phase algorithm is proposed for a multidimensional interconnection network G 1 ×G 2 ,where ph(G 1 )stands for complete exchange phases of G 1 and|G 2 |=n.
文摘In order to indicate the performances of a large-scale communication network with domain partition and interconnection today, a kind of reliability index weighed by normalized capacity is defined. Based on the route rules of network with domain partition and interconnection, the interconnection indexes among the nodes within the domain and among the domains are given from several aspects. It is expatiated on that the index can thoroughly represent the effect on the reliability index of the objective factor and the subjective measures of the designer, which obeys the route rules of a network with domain partition and interconnection. It is discussed that the defined index is rational and compatible with the traditional index.
文摘Recent architectures of multi-core systems may have a relatively large number of cores that typically ranges from tens to hundreds;therefore called many-core systems.Such systems require an efficient interconnection network that tries to address two major problems.First,the overhead of power and area cost and its effect on scalability.Second,high access latency is caused by multiple cores’simultaneous accesses of the same shared module.This paper presents an interconnection scheme called N-conjugate Shuffle Clusters(NCSC)based on multi-core multicluster architecture to reduce the overhead of the just mentioned problems.NCSC eliminated the need for router devices and their complexity and hence reduced the power and area costs.It also resigned and distributed the shared caches across the interconnection network to increase the ability for simultaneous access and hence reduce the access latency.For intra-cluster communication,Multi-port Content Addressable Memory(MPCAM)is used.The experimental results using four clusters and four cores each indicated that the average access latency for a write process is 1.14785±0.04532 ns which is nearly equal to the latency of a write operation in MPCAM.Moreover,it was demonstrated that the average read latency within a cluster is 1.26226±0.090591 ns and around 1.92738±0.139588 ns for read access between cores from different clusters.
文摘The Novel Interconnection Network (NIN) based on inverted-graph topology and crossbar switch is a kind of lower latency and higher throughput interconnection network. But it has a vital disadvantage, high hardware complexity. In order to reduce system hardware cost, an improved NIN (ININ) structure is proposed. As same as NIN, ININ has constant network diameter. Besides of keeping advantages of NIN, hardware cost of ININ is lower than NIN. Furthermore, we design a new deadlock-free routing algorithm for the improved NIN. Key words NIN - ININ - inverted-graph interconnection network - hardware complexity - network band-width - network throughput CLC number TP 302 Foundation item: Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (69873016)Biography: Li Fei (1974-), male, Ph. D candidate, research direction: architecture of interconnection network.
基金supported by the State Grid Science and Technology Project (No. 5455HT160004)
文摘In order to meet the pressing demand for wide-area communication required by the Global Energy Interconnection(GEI),accelerating the construction of satellite-terrestrial Integra怕d networks that can achieve network extension and seamless global coverage has become the focus of power communication tech no logy development.In this study,we propose a satellite-terrestrial integrated network model that can support interconnection and interoperation on the IP layer between the satellite system and the怕rrestrial segment of the existing power communication system.First,the composition and function of the satellite-terrestrial collaborative network are explained.Then,the IP-based protocol stack is described,and a typical applicati on experime nt is con ducted to illustrate the particular process of this protocol stack.Fin ally,a use case of IP interconn ection that depends on GEO satellite communication is detailed.The experime ntal study has showed that the satellite-terrestrial collaborative network can efficiently support various IP applications for the GEI.
基金TheNationalScienceFundforOverseasDistinguishedYoungScholars (No .6 992 82 0 1) ,FoundationforUniversityKeyTeacherbytheMinistryofEducationandChangjiangScholarRewardProject.
文摘An important theoretic interest is to study the relations between different interconnection networks, and to compare the capability and performance of the network structures. The most popular way to do the investigation is network emulation. Based on the classical voltage graph theory, the authors develop a new representation scheme for interconnection network structures. The new approach is a combination of algebraic methods and combinatorial methods. The results demonstrate that the voltage graph theory is a powerful tool for representing well known interconnection networks and in implementing optimal network emulation algorithms, and in particular, show that all popular interconnection networks have very simple and intuitive representations under the new scheme. The new representation scheme also offers powerful tools for the study of network routings and emulations. For example, we present very simple constructions for optimal network emulations from the cube connected cycles networks to the butterfly networks, and from the butterfly networks to the hypercube networks. Compared with the most popular way of network emulation, this new scheme is intuitive and easy to realize, and easy to apply to other network structures.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62362005)。
文摘The reliability of a network is an important indicator for maintaining communication and ensuring its stable operation. Therefore, the assessment of reliability in underlying interconnection networks has become an increasingly important research issue. However, at present, the reliability assessment of many interconnected networks is not yet accurate,which inevitably weakens their fault tolerance and diagnostic capabilities. To improve network reliability,researchers have proposed various methods and strategies for precise assessment. This paper introduces a novel family of interconnection networks called general matching composed networks(gMCNs), which is based on the common characteristics of network topology structure. After analyzing the topological properties of gMCNs, we establish a relationship between super connectivity and conditional diagnosability of gMCNs. Furthermore, we assess the reliability of g MCNs, and determine the conditional diagnosability of many interconnection networks.
文摘In order to reduce the complexity of neural network connectivity,a dy-namical model for unfully interconnected neural network,including its energy func-tion,local area field and learning rule,is presented.The basic idea is to decompose aHopfield network into several subnetworks and set up some interconnections betweenthem.The statistical analysis of the associative memory process shows that the num-ber of interconnections after the first decomposition is reduced by 25% comparedwith that of the Hopfield network,but the storage capacity and the associative abilityof the network remain unchanged.With the decomposition continued,the number ofinterconnections is considerably reduced.Despite the reduction in storage capacityand associative ability with continuous decomposition,the average information capac-ity per interconnection has increased nearly by 100%.Finally the relationship be-tween high-order interconnection and multilayer network architecture is discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61834005,61772417,61802304,61602377,61634004)Shaanxi Provincial Co-ordination Innovation Project of Science and Technology(No.2016KTZDGY02-04-02)+1 种基金Shaanxi Provincial Key R&D Plan(No.2017GY-060)Shaanxi International Science and Technology Cooperation Program(No.2018KW-006).
文摘Electric router is widely used for multi-core system to interconnect each other. However, with the increasing number of processor cores, the probability of communication conflict between processor cores increases, and the data delay increases dramatically. With the advent of optical router, the traditional electrical interconnection mode has changed to optical interconnection mode. In the packet switched optical interconnection network, the data communication mechanism consists of 3 processes: link establishment, data transmission and link termination, but the circuit-switched data transmission method greatly limits the utilization of resources. The number of micro-ring resonators in the on-chip large-scale optical interconnect network is an important parameter affecting the insertion loss. The proposed λ-route, GWOR, Crossbar structure has a large overall network insertion loss due to the use of many micro-ring resonators. How to use the least micro-ring resonator to realize non-blocking communication between multiple cores has been a research hotspot. In order to improve bandwidth and reduce access latency, an optical interconnection structure called multilevel switching optical network on chip(MSONoC) is proposed in this paper. The broadband micro-ring resonators(BMRs) are employed to reduce the number of micro-ring resonators(MRs) in the network, and the structure can provide the service of non-blocking point to point communication with the wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology. The results show that compared to λ-route, GWOR, Crossbar and the new topology structure, the number of micro-ring resonators of MSONoC are reduced by 95.5%, 95.5%, 87.5%, and 60% respectively. The insertion loss of the minimum link of new topology, mesh and MSONoC structure is 0.73 dB, 0.725 dB and 0.38 dB.
文摘Electricity being a basic national infrastructure for a country, its security, reliability and quality are the most important parameters for the network managers. Several methods are generally used to improve the voltage quality more and more. However, most of the means implemented depend on external factors independent of the network managers or require huge regular financial resources. The method used in this paper is the loopback, applied to the Southern Interconnected Grid (SIG) of Cameroon, which is the largest net</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">work in the country. The procedure used takes into account nodes experiencing huge voltage drops and network constraints. The chosen loopback</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> scenario results in a clear improvement of the voltage plan in this network, and also a discharge of the transformers, a considerable decongestion of the lines, a reduction of the power losses and a significant reduction of the thermal placement used for improvement of the voltage profile.
基金Information Industry Bureau of Chongqing(200113010 and 200216006)
文摘A sorting algorithm based on the Batcher’s algorithm is presented. An 8×8 multistage interconnection network(MIN) is constructed. Applying wavelength division multiplexing(WDM) technology and integrating control mode, the designed network can realize non-blocking communication. The time delay of the MIN and the switches needed are also analyzed in theory, the deduced result conforms that the MIN designed previously is feasible. In the case of the same communication quality guaranteed, MIN uses the least switches and completes the communication more efficiently.