Innovation and Firm Co-ownership Network in China’s Electric Vehicle Industry

Firms are embedded in complex networks,where diverse ideas combine and generate new ideas.Shareholders of firms are of-ten seen as critical external resources that have significant influence on firm innovation.The current literature tends to focus on the rela-tionship between firms and their shareholders,while paying less attention to the connections between firms with the same shareholders.This article identifies two types of network spillover effects,intra-city network effect and inter-city network effect,by visualizing the co-ownership networks in China’s electric vehicle(EV)industry.We find that firms with the same shareholders,which are defined as co-owned EV firms,are more innovative than non-co-owned ones.Furthermore,there are two dominant types of firm co-ownership ties formed by corporate and financial institution shareholders.While corporate shareholders help exploiting local tacit knowledge,financial institutions are more active in bridging inter-city connections.The conclusion is confirmed at both firm and city levels.This paper theor-izes the firm co-ownership network as a new form of institutional proximity and tested the result empirically.For policy consideration,we have emphasized the importance of building formal or informal inter-firm network,and the government should further enhance the knowledge flow channel by institutional construction.

How Chinese Financial Centers Integrate into Global Financial Center Networks:An Empirical Study Based on Overseas Expansion of Chinese Financial Service Firms

The increasing globalization of the Chinese economy has been enabled by both Chinese financial institutions operating globally as well as international firms operating within China. In geographical terms, this has been organized through a number of strategic cities serving as gateways for the exchange of financial functions, products and practices between China and the global economy. Drawing on location data of financial service firms in China listed on stock exchanges in Shenzhen, Shanghai and Hong Kong, this paper shows that Chinese financial firms are expanding globally and how Chinese financial centers are positioned and connected in the urban networks shaped by these financial service firms. It is found that Hong Kong, China, holds strategic positions in the integration of Chinese cities into global financial center networks, and that establishing a foothold in global financial centers such as New York and London has been a priority for Chinese financial institutions. The increasing capital flows directed by Chinese financial institutionssuggests a shifting global financial geography, with numerous Chinese cities playing increasingly important roles within global financial center networks.

Prediction of kiwifruit firmness using fruit mineral nutrient concentration by artificial neural network(ANN) and multiple linear regressions(MLR)

Many properties of fruit are influenced by plant nutrition. Fruit firmness is one of the most important fruit characteristics and determines post-harvest life of the fruit, in recent decades, artificial intelligence systems were employed for developing predictive models to estimate and predict many agriculture processes. In the present study, the predictive capabilities of multiple linear regressions （MLR） and artificial neural networks （ANNs） are evaluated to estimate fruit firmness in six months, including each of nutrients concentrations （nitrogen （N）, potassium （K）, calcium （Ca） and magnesium （Mg）） alone （P1）, com- bination of nutrients concentrations （P2）, nutrient concentration ratios alone （P3）, and combination of nutrient concentrations and nutrient concentration ratios （P4）. The results showed that MLR model estimated fruit firmness more accuracy than ANN model in three datasets （P1, P2 and P4）. However, the application of P3 （N/Ca ratio） as the input dataset in ANN model improved the prediction of fruit firmness than the MLR model. Correlation coefficient and root mean squared error （RMSE） were 0.850 and 0.539 between the measured and the estimated data by the ANN model, respectively. Generally, the ANN model showed greater potential in determining the relationship between 6-mon-fruit firmness and nutrients concentration.

Evolution of Manufacturing Strategy and System in Multinational Corporations:Internationalisation and Inter-firm Collaboration Redefine the Boundaries of Manufacturing and Firm

In recent decades, the world economy has been stron gl y driven by worldwide foreign direct investment (FDI) of transnational corporati ons (TNCs). And business globalisation is leading to widespread re-structuring of international manufacturing systems in TNCs. However, still very little sys tematic research in manufacturing engineering or production/operations managemen t (P/O M) has focused on these new types of globalised manufacturing systems, an d little communication is organised between different academic disciplines such as manufacturing, management/ business studies, economics, geography, internatio nal development studies and so on. Many critical issues are still poorly unders tood and are not covered by current research agendas, for example: · properties of international manufacturing network systems in terms of structu ral architecture, dynamic mechanisms, strategic capabilities, strategy processes , new technology, and alliance relationships · knowledge management and organisational learning mechanisms in international manufacturing context, especially in globally coordinated networks at both intra - and inter- organisational levels · global economic trends, regional collaboration, national culture/identity, an d their impacts on industrial sector development, and company’s manufacturin g system design/re-structuring In industry, lack of global vision and appropriate strategies during internation alisation have become major barrier to the effective management of international operations. In academia, limited multi-discipline exchanges have inhibited de velopments not only in each area but also knowledge contribution to industry whi ch could arise from discipline integration. This paper, based on recent years case observations and action research work on manufacturing internationalisation, especially globalisation, introduces an evol utionary process of manufacturing systems. It seeks to explore the external and internal driving forces of the transformation and the responses of manufacturin g systems in terms of static architectures, dynamic mechanisms, and strategic ca pabilities in the evolutionary process. The paper Reviews recent researches on manufacturing internationalisation in dif ferent disciplines to gain a comprehensive picture about international manufactu ring system from different perspectives. Based on the empirical observations of industrial issues and difficulties, a further research framework is proposed to tackle wider issues in international manufacturing covering manufacturing value creation process, internationalisation process, and strategic alliance formatio n process. The paper argues that, besides deep research on three dimensions of international manufacturing system, development of strategy process to synthesis e these three processes is more important in the future research work. It sugge sts that it is necessary to enhance the collaboration between countries and disc iplines, and stimulate explorations of new frameworks that can provide more insi ghts about new manufacturing systems and foresights their development.

Combination of interference alignment and beamforming in cellular networks

In this paper, we propose two joint transmit-receive iterative algorithms without the cooperation between different base stations based on the idea of interference alignment (IA) to improve the throughput of relay backhaul links in cellular networks for the case of imperfect channel knowledge,which can be implemented with small changes to existing TD-LTE standards. Unlike the previous interference alignment algorithms' only reducing the sum interference to the other receivers at the transmitter or the sum received Multi-user interference (MUI) at the receiver, our algorithm shapes the transmission of each data stream at transmitters in order not only to minimize interference to the other users, but also to minimize the interference between different streams objected to the same user, suppressing the MUI and Multi-stream interference (MSI) at receivers. The proposed algorithm I is to maximize the SINR at receivers. But the complexity is relatively high. Algorithm II only needs linear operations and sacrifices a little performance for much lower complexity compared to the Maximize SINR iterative algorithm which needs the inversion operation of matrix. It is also proved that the algorithm converges monotonically. The simulation results show that the techniques have considerable performance gain compared with the previous algorithms. Further research about power allocation is also discussed.

全球创新网络嵌入、人力资本结构与企业创新绩效

技术创新模式正由传统的线性和链式形态向多元主体共享合作的网络模式转变,企业创新的机遇与挑战并存。为此,本文基于熊彼特创新理论和新经济地理学的建模思想,构建了用于讨论全球创新网络嵌入、人力资本结构调整与企业创新绩效提升之间微观互动机制的理论模型,并运用2011—2019年上市公司数据对此进行实证检验。研究发现:企业嵌入全球创新网络的决策受人力资本结构的影响,二者与企业创新绩效间存在正向的循环累积效应;人力资本结构存在最优配置点,能够最大限度地激发企业创新绩效;地理区位、本地创新资源禀赋和企业所有制结构等外部市场环境也会影响企业的全球化进程和创新水平。研究表明,以全球视野谋划和推动科技创新,引导企业融入全球科技创新网络,协同人才结构优化策略,开创科技发展新格局,不仅是新时代我国企业提升国际竞争力的重要途径,也是建设科技强国的关键举措。

贸易政策不确定性与全球生产网络——基于内外资企业异质性视角

在逆全球化与贸易保护主义抬头的背景下,区分内外资企业在全球生产网络中的不同角色地位,以及有效应对不确定性贸易政策带来的冲击,对于探索内外资企业的差异化发展路径具有重要意义。基于反倾销发起方和非涉案方(第三方)视角,采用能够反映内外资企业异质性的AMNE数据库,考察反倾销引致的贸易政策不确定性对内外资企业全球生产网络地位的影响效应。研究发现:以反倾销调查衡量的贸易政策不确定性会促进反倾销发起方及非涉案方的外资企业生产网络地位攀升,其中对发达国家、制造业与反倾销发起方境内的外资企业生产网络地位促进作用更显著;贸易政策不确定性会对发起方及非涉案方的内资企业生产网络地位产生负向影响,其中对发展中国家、非制造业与反倾销非涉案方境内的内资企业生产网络地位抑制作用更显著;被调查国的OFDI会增强贸易政策不确定性对外资企业全球生产网络地位的正向效应以及对内资企业全球生产网络地位的负向效应。

企业数字化转型对产业链韧性的影响——基于产业链网络视角的分析

在数字经济浪潮下,企业数字化转型作为数字经济的优良助推器,为增强产业链韧性提供了新路径。本文基于产业链网络的一般特性视角对产业链韧性的内涵进行了分析,认为产业链韧性可分解为产业链网络节点韧性与产业链网络结构韧性两个维度,并利用2010~2022年A股上市公司数据,验证了企业数字化转型对产业链韧性的影响及其作用机制。研究发现,企业数字化转型显著增强了产业链韧性;该强化作用主要通过降低企业内部代理与生产成本以强健产业链网络节点以及降低企业外部交易成本以优化产业链网络结构来实现。进一步研究发现,国有企业和技术密集型企业的存在会放大企业数字化转型对于产业链韧性的强化作用,劳动密集型企业的存在则会抑制其强化作用。本文揭示了企业数字化转型强化产业链韧性的内在微观机制,为推动产业链数字化提升产业链韧性和安全水平提供了理论基础和政策启示。

数字企业如何在新兴市场获得收益:弱制度、网络联结与数字产品特性的组态效应

新兴市场对企业国际化具有重要的战略价值,如何在新兴市场获得收益成为企业持续发展的关键。现有文献表明企业网络联结能够帮助跨国企业在新兴市场获取外部资源,应对制度变化带来的不利影响,但忽视了其在不同制度与不同企业中的差异。基于中国App在非洲市场发展的数据,运用模糊集定性比较分析方法探究数字企业在新兴市场实现高绩效的发展路径。研究发现,数字企业网络联结在不同的弱制度与数字产品条件中展示出差异化的作用方式。在弱制度作为核心条件存在时,网络联结可以与弱制度互补为数字企业创造良好的发展环境;在弱制度条件不存在时,数字企业通过网络联结与数字产品特性的互补来增加数字产品价值获得高绩效。研究结论揭示了数字企业在新兴市场的组态发展路径,为其在弱制度环境中实现高绩效提供了策略,同时在理论上将网络联结的作用扩展至弱制度情境和数字企业对象。

非金融企业影子银行化对系统性金融风险的传染效应

我国经济步入新常态以来,实体经济与虚拟经济之间发展不平衡现象不断加剧,越来越多具有融资优势的企业为追逐高收益,通过委托贷款、委托理财、民间借贷和购买各类影子信贷产品等方式为企业提供资金。非金融企业已成为我国影子银行业务的一个重要参与主体,非金融企业影子银行化趋势明显。非金融企业影子银行化使实体经济与金融体系之间的联动性加强。针对非金融企业影子银行业务带来的系统性金融风险高维特征,本文引入最小绝对值压缩和选择算子(LASSO)方法,并将其应用到高维VAR模型中,利用滚动回归方法构建非金融行业与金融机构间的风险关联网络,并从总体、行业门类与行业大类三个层面进行分析,以探究我国系统性金融风险产生的原因及跨部门传染特征。研究发现,我国非金融行业与金融机构总体风险关联水平呈阶段性变化,且在风险集聚时期会出现显著上升;非金融行业门类与金融机构间都存在一定的聚集效应,房地产业是非金融行业门类与金融机构风险传染的主要路径之一;银行业系统中的重要性银行一般都是风险净溢入单位,证券业一般是风险净溢出单位,保险业一般是风险净溢入单位;非金融企业从事影子银行业务会挤出实体投资,并通过实体经济与金融体系的联动性,提高其对金融机构的风险净溢出效应,从而增加系统性金融风险。为促进实体经济健康发展,防范化解金融风险,应从顶层设计有效的监管制度。具体而言,一是关注非金融行业的风险溢出情况,完善宏观审慎管理框架;二是加强对非金融企业的政策扶持力度,增强金融服务实体经济能力。

数字化能力、供应链协同与企业创新绩效关系研究

全球经济数字化浪潮下,信息技术的迅猛发展为制造企业带来了机遇与挑战。数字化转型不仅是技术革新,更推动组织、管理和战略的全面变革。数字化能力涵盖技术理解与应用,是数字化转型的关键。然而,如何提升数字化能力并转化为企业创新绩效,仍需深入研究。基于资源基础与动态能力理论,构建包含数字化能力、供应链协同、网络关系嵌入与企业创新绩效的理论模型。运用层次回归法和Bootstrap分析方法对388家制造企业样本数据进行实证分析,结果表明:数字化能力显著增强企业创新绩效,其中数字化基础设施能力、数字化整合能力和数字化管理能力均起关键作用。在数字化能力与企业创新绩效关系中,供应链协同起到部分中介作用,网络关系嵌入具有正向调节作用。研究结果强调数字化能力提升企业创新绩效的内在机制,揭示供应链协同与网络关系嵌入在二者关系中的重要性,为制造企业数字化转型提供理论与实践指导。

组织文化对组织韧性的影响研究——企业间关系网络嵌入与组织学习的作用

在VUCA背景下,企业外部环境变得更加多元和不可预测,提升组织韧性应对未知的风险和挑战是当前企业生存和发展的重要课题。组织文化是一个尚未被探索、能够促进组织韧性的前置因素。通过理论模型构建及实证分析,研究结果表明组织文化与组织韧性相关关系显著,企业间关系网络嵌入两者之间发挥中介作用,组织学习在组织文化与企业间关系嵌入之间发挥调节作用。

Reliability index algorithm of a sub-domain interconnection large communication network

The normalized weighted capacity reliability index of a sub-domain interconnection large scale communication network is defined and a new algorithm to calculate the reliability index is proposed, The proposed algorithm can be performed using logical or algebraic operation by means of computer-aided programming and the correctness of each key step is validated in detail. This paper takes the sub-domain interconnection symmetrical topologi- cal network for a typical example to calculate the network reliability index and verifies the correctness of the proposed algorithm us- ing the real measured statistical data. The real measured results are well in accordance with the results obtained by the proposed algorithm. The result shows that the proposed algorithm is a valid means to estimate the reliability index of a sub-domain intercon- nection large-scale communication network.

结构嵌入、吸收能力与企业持续性创新--来自高新技术企业联盟创新网络的证据

开放式创新和可持续发展背景下,高新技术企业亟需借助持续性创新突破发展困境以实现可持续发展。本文基于2009—2016年我国高新技术企业联盟创新网络数据,运用全面可行广义最小二乘法探讨了结构嵌入影响企业持续性创新的内在机制与边界条件。研究发现:结构嵌入与企业持续性创新呈倒U型关系,结构嵌入与吸收能力呈倒U型关系,吸收能力在结构嵌入与企业持续性创新的倒U型关系中起中介作用,知识流动和知识多样性均正向调节结构嵌入与吸收能力的倒U型关系,但知识流动将结构嵌入与企业持续性创新的倒U型关系调节为更加陡峭的正U型曲线,知识多样性则负向调节结构嵌入与企业持续性创新的倒U型关系。研究结论能够为高新技术企业利用结构嵌入提升吸收能力,实现企业持续性创新提供理论指导,具有重要的理论和现实意义。

企业数字化转型与创新:基于网络溢出的视角

本文使用2006—2019年上市公司的数据,在使用文本分析方法刻画微观企业数字化转型水平的基础上,构建计量模型实证分析了企业数字化转型对创新的影响。研究结果表明:(1)总体上,数字化转型显著提升了企业创新水平(专利数量、质量和效率);(2)数字化转型程度与企业创新呈现U型曲线作用关系,表明存在正向创新效应的数字化程度“门槛值”;(3)数字化转型通过创新网络溢出效应和贸易网络溢出效应促进企业创新,且存在上下游企业的关联溢出效应;(4)在竞争程度较低的行业和平均数字化转型程度及数字密集程度较高的行业,企业数字化转型的创新效应更大。

Regional Variation in the SME-Audit Firm Relationship

The purpose of the paper is to examine how the relationship between small and medium sized enterprises （SMEs） and their auditor varies between regions. Auditing literature, regional, and network studies are used to set up hypotheses on differences between rural regions and the metropolitan urban region. Survey data from 421 SMEs are analyzed and findings support that in rural regions, especially those with a strong entrepreneurial culture and tight inter-organizational links, the SME-auditor relationship is to a larger extent trust-based compared to the urban region. In the rural region, the auditor assumes the role as a business support agent providing valuable strategic advice. The SME-auditor relationship is weakest in the urban region where the auditor＇s role is limited.

组织内合作网络与超越追赶阶段企业创新绩效——组织间合作网络的调节作用

合作网络对创新绩效的意义已得到广泛论证,但同时考虑组织内、外部合作网络的研究相对匮乏,更鲜有文献考虑超越追赶阶段的特殊情境。基于2014—2019年国内34家超越追赶阶段后发科技企业专利数据,采用负二项回归分析方法探索组织内合作网络密度、网络规模与超越追赶阶段后发企业创新绩效的关系,以及组织间合作网络密度与网络规模对两者关系的调节作用。结果表明:组织内合作网络密度越大,企业创新绩效越低;组织内合作网络规模越大,企业创新绩效越高。进一步研究表明,组织间合作网络密度强化组织内合作网络密度对创新绩效的负向影响,而组织间合作网络密度和网络规模会削弱组织内合作网络规模对创新绩效的正向影响。

审计师合作关系网络、跨所流动与行政处罚溢出效应

基于审计师非正式网络的视角,分析并检验了与受罚审计师共处同一合作关系网络的执业经历对未受罚审计师跨所流动后审计质量的影响。研究发现,具有该执业经历的未受罚审计师转所后的审计质量更高。这一处罚溢出效应受到了新任职事务所的一体化管理程度、跨所流动审计师的年龄、与受罚审计师的网络社交距离、以及证监会处罚力度的异质性影响;机制分析表明,为跨所流动审计师配置更有经验的项目搭档,以及审计师个人的社会学习是处罚溢出效应产生的重要原因;进一步研究发现,处罚溢出效应的持续期为三年左右,且当审计客户外部监管风险越高时,处罚溢出效应更为显著。上述研究结论从审计师合作关系网络层面揭示了行政处罚的跨所溢出效应及其产生机制,对于加强事务所内部管理和质量控制具有一定的启示意义。

分析师跟踪网络与公司特质信息研究——基于股价同步性视角的实证分析

基于2003—2020年中国A股市场交易、分析师报告及公司财报相关数据,构建分析师跟踪网络并对其中蕴含的信息及其特征进行研究。实证结果显示,分析师跟踪网络蕴含着公司特质信息,既有公开的也有未公开的公司信息,这一结论在经过内生性处理及稳健性检验后依然成立。进一步分析发现,不同网络连接方式中蕴含的信息存在差异,随着公司在网络中的程度中心度提高,网络中的信息增量以公开信息为主;随着公司在网络中的中介中心度提高,网络中蕴含的公开信息与未公开信息均得到增加。拓展性研究表明,网络中的信息含量与分析师能力相关,表现为分析师能力越强,网络中蕴含的未公开信息越多。上述研究结论对监管部门引导投资者关注分析师跟踪网络,提升中国资本市场有效性具有重要的现实启示。

基于企业流的县域村镇体系规划研究——以重庆市涪陵区为例

县域村镇作为新型城镇化和乡村振兴的基本单元,构建合理的村镇体系结构是推动县域村镇发展的关键手段之一。而在乡村振兴战略背景下,城乡发展要素的加快流动无疑会引起村镇体系的重构。基于此,本文以重庆市涪陵区村镇为例,基于村镇企业投资关系构建涪陵区村镇体系网络,从“点—线—面”三个层次构建网络指标,分析企业投资关系下涪陵区村镇体系的重构。研究结果表明:(1)村镇体系呈现出水平化与垂直化的特征;(2)村镇功能组团呈现出空间上分散但功能上相互联系的现象;(3)依据结果提出从网络化的角度来明确村镇节点的层级、职能的规划思路,并基于此构建企业流下的涪陵区村镇体系。