The influences of the acoustic impedance and shock strength on the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction are numerically studied in this work. The process of a shock interacting with a krypton or a SF6 b...The influences of the acoustic impedance and shock strength on the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction are numerically studied in this work. The process of a shock interacting with a krypton or a SF6 bubble is studied by the numerical method VAS2D. As a validation, the experiments of a SF6 bubble accelerated by a planar shock were performed. The results indicate that, due to the mismatch of acoustic impedance, the way of jet formation in heavy gas bubble with different species is diversified under the same initial condition. With respect to the same bubble, the manner of jet formation is also distinctly different under different shock strengths. The disparities of the acoustic impedance result in different effects of shock focusing in the bubble, and different behaviors of shock wave inside and outside the bubble. The analyses of the wave pattern and the pressure variation indicate that the jet formation is closely associated with the pressure perturbation. Moreover, the analy- sis of the vorticity deposition, and comparisons of circulation and baroclinic torque show that the baroclinic vorticity also contributes to the jet formation. It is concluded that the pres- sure perturbation and baroclinic vorticity deposition are the two dominant factors for the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction.展开更多
This paper presents a theory on accurately analysing the dispersion relation and the interaction impedance of electromagnetic waves propagating through a helical groove waveguide with arbitrary groove shape, in which ...This paper presents a theory on accurately analysing the dispersion relation and the interaction impedance of electromagnetic waves propagating through a helical groove waveguide with arbitrary groove shape, in which the complex groove profile is synthesized by a series of rectangular steps. By introducing the influence of high-order evanescent modes on the connection of any two neighbouring steps by an equivalent susceptance under a modified admittance matching condition, the assumption of the neglecting discontinuity capacitance in previously published analysis is avoided, and the accurate dispersion equation is obtained by means of a combination of field-matching method and admittancematching technique. The validity of this theory is proved by comparison between the measurements and the numerical calculations for two kinds of helical groove waveguides with different groove shapes.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10972214 and 11172278)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2090050014)
文摘The influences of the acoustic impedance and shock strength on the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction are numerically studied in this work. The process of a shock interacting with a krypton or a SF6 bubble is studied by the numerical method VAS2D. As a validation, the experiments of a SF6 bubble accelerated by a planar shock were performed. The results indicate that, due to the mismatch of acoustic impedance, the way of jet formation in heavy gas bubble with different species is diversified under the same initial condition. With respect to the same bubble, the manner of jet formation is also distinctly different under different shock strengths. The disparities of the acoustic impedance result in different effects of shock focusing in the bubble, and different behaviors of shock wave inside and outside the bubble. The analyses of the wave pattern and the pressure variation indicate that the jet formation is closely associated with the pressure perturbation. Moreover, the analy- sis of the vorticity deposition, and comparisons of circulation and baroclinic torque show that the baroclinic vorticity also contributes to the jet formation. It is concluded that the pres- sure perturbation and baroclinic vorticity deposition are the two dominant factors for the jet formation in shock-heavy gas bubble interaction.
基金Project supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos 60401005 and 60532010） and the Fok Ying Tung Education Foundation（Grant No 91063）.
文摘This paper presents a theory on accurately analysing the dispersion relation and the interaction impedance of electromagnetic waves propagating through a helical groove waveguide with arbitrary groove shape, in which the complex groove profile is synthesized by a series of rectangular steps. By introducing the influence of high-order evanescent modes on the connection of any two neighbouring steps by an equivalent susceptance under a modified admittance matching condition, the assumption of the neglecting discontinuity capacitance in previously published analysis is avoided, and the accurate dispersion equation is obtained by means of a combination of field-matching method and admittancematching technique. The validity of this theory is proved by comparison between the measurements and the numerical calculations for two kinds of helical groove waveguides with different groove shapes.
