Language not only functions as a communication tool,it has fundamental functions.People’s social interaction and their past experience can affect people’s choice of language,as language is a complex,adaptive system....Language not only functions as a communication tool,it has fundamental functions.People’s social interaction and their past experience can affect people’s choice of language,as language is a complex,adaptive system.The paper tries to comment on"A comment on Language Is a Complex Adaptive System:Position Paper"from several aspects to conclude that Language Is a Complex Adaptive System:Position Paper is a comprehensive,creative and influential academic paper which is characteristic of high originality,well-compact organization,detailed literature review.展开更多
Interorganizational collaboration networks have become an important tool for disaster management.However,research on how different organizations can effectively collaborate throughout the entire disaster management pr...Interorganizational collaboration networks have become an important tool for disaster management.However,research on how different organizations can effectively collaborate throughout the entire disaster management process in centralized states such as China is scarce.This study begins to fill this lacuna by investigating interorganizational collaboration in different phases of disaster management and analyzing changes in the structure of the networks constructed during the preparedness and response phases of the 2020 flood disaster in Hubei Province,China.Building on the complex adaptive systems(CAS)theory,we argue that interorganizational collaboration changes dynamically according to its tasks and requirements.In the preparedness phase,interorganizational collaborations primarily follow established plans and choose horizontal selforganized collaboration mechanisms.However,when the urgent information and resource requirements increase in the response phase,many organizations choose vertical mandatory collaboration mechanisms.We found that organizations at the central and provincial levels in China were well positioned to coordinate information and resources and strengthen the interorganizational collaboration and communication that is crucial in disaster management.These findings contribute to the study of interorganizational collaboration networks in disaster management.展开更多
文摘Language not only functions as a communication tool,it has fundamental functions.People’s social interaction and their past experience can affect people’s choice of language,as language is a complex,adaptive system.The paper tries to comment on"A comment on Language Is a Complex Adaptive System:Position Paper"from several aspects to conclude that Language Is a Complex Adaptive System:Position Paper is a comprehensive,creative and influential academic paper which is characteristic of high originality,well-compact organization,detailed literature review.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.71974057,72374132)the Shu Guang Project(Grant No.21SG49)+2 种基金the Ministry of Education through the Humanities and Social Science Project(Grant No.19YJC630104)the Shanghai Municipal Education Commissionthe Shanghai Education Development Foundation。
文摘Interorganizational collaboration networks have become an important tool for disaster management.However,research on how different organizations can effectively collaborate throughout the entire disaster management process in centralized states such as China is scarce.This study begins to fill this lacuna by investigating interorganizational collaboration in different phases of disaster management and analyzing changes in the structure of the networks constructed during the preparedness and response phases of the 2020 flood disaster in Hubei Province,China.Building on the complex adaptive systems(CAS)theory,we argue that interorganizational collaboration changes dynamically according to its tasks and requirements.In the preparedness phase,interorganizational collaborations primarily follow established plans and choose horizontal selforganized collaboration mechanisms.However,when the urgent information and resource requirements increase in the response phase,many organizations choose vertical mandatory collaboration mechanisms.We found that organizations at the central and provincial levels in China were well positioned to coordinate information and resources and strengthen the interorganizational collaboration and communication that is crucial in disaster management.These findings contribute to the study of interorganizational collaboration networks in disaster management.
