Relationship between Inter Canine Width and Inter Alar Width, Inter Commissural Width, and Inter Canthal Distance: A Pilot Study

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between inter canine width (ICW) and inter alar width (IAW), inter commissural width (ICoW), and inter canthal distance (ICaD) in Bantu population. Materials and Methods: It was a pilot study included all participants who were aged at least 18 years, without a history of orthodontics treatment from Prosthodontics Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Kinshasa. The Ethics committee of the National Center of Research for Dental Sciences in DR Congo approved the study protocol (CNRSB 1504.218). The participants medical records were obtained from the interview and dental examination. Nature of the study was explained with participant information sheet, and an informed consent of all participants was obtained. The inclusion criteria were no missing maxillary and mandibular teeth, no diastema, and no anterior restorations, 18 years old before enrollment in the study. The exclusion criteria were inability to meet the above requirements, pregnancy, and refusal to participate in the study. The inter-canine width (ICW), inter alar width (IAW), inter canthal distance (ICaD) and inter-commissural width (ICoW) of each participant were measured with a digital Vernier caliper (Mitutoyo, UK Ltd.,) (0.01 mm) three times and the average value was recorded. The inter canthal distance (ICaD) was measured without applying pressure by bringing the recording parts of the caliper just in contact with the medial angle. The inter alar width (IAW) was marked with a fine marked pencil on the widest outer surface of the alae of the nose on either side or width. Those two points were measured without applying pressure by bringing the recording parts of the caliper just in contact with the outer surface. The participant was told to stop breathing shortly to avoid any change in shape of the nose. The inter-commissural width (ICoW) was determined by measuring the maxillary lip vermilion from commissure to commissure without the application of pressure on the tissue in the relaxed state. The inter-canine width (ICW) was measured indirectly using a dental floss. A dental floss was marked on one end prior to placement in the mouth. Using that point as reference, the dental floss was circumference along the curvature of the anterior dentition such that it passed along the contact point of all the teeth. The distal end of the canine teeth on both sides was then marked on the floss while it was stretched in the patients mouth. Floss was marked on both sides with the marker pencil. The distance between the two proximal contact points was measured and recorded. Data, analysis and validation were performed by the SPSS software (version 22.0, IBM SPSS Statistics, Chicago, IL, USA). Unpaired t-test was used, of Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to test for comparability between socio-demographic characteristics dental measurements. Pearsons correlation coefficients test was calculated to determine the relationship between facial and dental parameters. Significance was set at P 0.01. Results: Of 314 participants enrolled, 202 were included. The age ranged from 18 to 68 years, with a mean age of 40.62 12.99 years. Although the Pearsons correlation coefficients were negative. Ninety-three participants (46%) were men and one hundred and nine (54%) were women. The overall mean age was 40.62 12.99 years. Facial and dental measurements were greater in women than men with significant differences for ICW (p = 0.04). However, no significant difference was seen between men and women for IAW, ICaD and ICoW (p = 0.44, p = 0.23, p = 0.31 respectively). The correlation including Pearsons correlation coefficient and P-values for all participants is not demonstrated. Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study, the results suggest that IAW, ICaD and ICoW cannot be used as a preliminary method for determining the width of the maxillary for anterior teeth for edentulous patients.

Inter-Row Spacing of PV Power Plant

When designing a solar power plant, it is much more important to avoid the shadow on the PV Panels. As the shadow falls on the PV Panels;it significantly reduces the generation of required power as planned and designed. This research paper and case study will help a lot to avoid shadow, especially when selecting inter-row spacing between the strings of solar power plants.

Hydration Characteristics and Microstructure of Alkali-Activated Slag Concrete: A Review

Alkali-activated slag concrete (AASC) is a new green building material. The amount of CO_(2) produced by AASC is 1/5th of that produced by ordinary Portland cement concrete (OPCC). In addition, AASC promotes the reuse of slag and other wastes and saves resources. Furthermore, the scope of use of slag has been expanded. The progress of the research on the hydration characteristics, microstructure, interfacial transition zone, and pore structure of AASC based on the relevant literatures was analyzed and summarized in this study. The influences of the slag composition, the type and dosage of the alkali activator, and the curing conditions on the hydration characteristics and the microstructure of the AASC were discussed. Relatively few research results on the microstructure of AASC are available, and the relevant conclusions are not completely consistent. Moreover, there are many constraints on the development of AASC (e.g., complex composition of raw materials of slag, large shrinkage deformation, and low fluidity). Therefore, further research is required.

Long-term and short-term stability characteristics of receiver inter system bias for BDS3/BDS2

The study of inter-system bias(ISB)is important for multi-system fusion and the performance of different signal compatibility.In this paper,the stability of ISB at the BDS3/BDS2 receiver end is calculated and analyzed for different time spans(DOY 060~090 in 2021)from a total of 31 MGEX and iGMAS stations.We adopted two estimation strategies,random walk and constant approach,using the precision products of orbit and clock bias provided by WUM,the influence of which on ISB was also analyzed.Our results showed that the ISB value varied little within a day,and the mean of daily ISB standard deviation was only 0.037 m when the observation condition was good.The signal reception was continuous,indicating a high ISB stability for one day.If extending the time series to one month,however,the ISB standard deviation calculated by constant approach,in which a constant ISB is estimated on a daily basis was about 0.1 m,and the results of adjacent days were not continuous,with no apparent pattern.Concerning the random walk approach,the obtained ISB time series also had a jump,and the conclusion was the same as that of the constant strategy.Besides,receiver types showed a strong regularity in ISB numerical situation,and the distribution of ISB values corresponding to the same receiver type was relatively close.Therefore,we conclude that the ISB parameters remain stable in the short term(one day)and less stable in the long-term period.It is recommended that the ISB term should be set as a constant estimate every day in BDS3/BDS2 solutions,regardless of receiver type consistency.

Tricube Weighted Linear Regression and Interquartile for Cloud Infrastructural Resource Optimization

Cloud infrastructural resource optimization is the process of precisely selecting the allocating the correct resources either to a workload or application.When workload execution,accuracy,and cost are accurately stabilized in opposition to the best possible framework in real-time,efficiency is attained.In addition,every workload or application required for the framework is characteristic and these essentials change over time.But,the existing method was failed to ensure the high Quality of Service(QoS).In order to address this issue,a Tricube Weighted Linear Regression-based Inter Quartile(TWLR-IQ)for Cloud Infrastructural Resource Optimization is introduced.A Tricube Weighted Linear Regression is presented in the proposed method to estimate the resources(i.e.,CPU,RAM,and network bandwidth utilization)based on the usage history in each cloud server.Then,Inter Quartile Range is applied to efficiently predict the overload hosts for ensuring a smooth migration.Experimental results show that our proposed method is better than the approach in Cloudsim under various performance metrics.The results clearly showed that the proposed method can reduce the energy consumption and provide a high level of commitment with ensuring the minimum number of Virtual Machine(VM)Migrations as compared to the state-of-the-art methods.

基于Inter.iamb-Tabu算法的区域滑坡敏感性评价

确定滑坡敏感性概率的空间分布,可为滑坡防治政策制定和土地利用规划提供科学依据。由于成灾环境的空间差异和滑坡机理的复杂性,基于不同逻辑架构(物理模型、理论模型等)的滑坡敏感性评价针对特定孕灾环境,无法提前确定最优数学评价模型,而基于深度学习法的、融合多种模型的混合算法能较好地解决这个问题。本文以山东省淄博市博山区为研究区域,基于单因素Logistic回归法筛选了滑坡致灾因子,通过频率比法对致灾因子进行了分级;对4种基于贝叶斯网络的改进算法(MMHC、MMPC-Tabu、Fast.iamb-Tabu、Inter.iamb-Tabu)进行验证,引入错误指数确定了建模效果最佳的算法;计算了博山区774570个栅格的滑坡敏感性概率,绘制了博山区滑坡敏感性分布图;基于GIS的空间叠加和栅格计算器功能,对比了各模型的滑坡敏感性评价结果。研究结果表明:(1)基于Inter.iamb-Tabu开展博山区滑坡敏感性建模时效果最佳。该模型包含10个节点(9个致灾因子节点和1个结局节点)、14条有向边。研究区域可划分为极高敏感区、高敏感区、中敏感区、低敏感区和极低敏感区,分别占总面积的7.30%(49.80km^(2))、16.50%(112.56km^(2))、26.10%(178.05km^(2))、33.20%(226.49km^(2))和16.90%(115.29km^(2)),分别有67处、22处、7处、2处和1处滑坡位于上述敏感区。(2)MMHC、MMPC-Tabu和Fast.iamb-Tabu模型在训练时易舍弃样本中部分因子的特征信息,以达到模型整体精度最优的目的。研究成果可为山东省淄博市博山区滑坡防治提供理论依据,采用的研究方法同样适用于类似地区。

莱卡公司再度亮相Intertextile,用“新”诠释创新实力

8月30日,中国国际纺织面料及辅料(秋冬)博览会(Intertextile)正式落下帷幕。作为暌违两年的再度回归,The LYCRA Company(以下简称“莱卡公司”)携众多新品强势亮相,重磅推出LYCRA■ ADAPTIV fiber(莱卡■智合智纤)系列新产品。为了满足市场对耐用服装的需求,提供更具尺码包容性、更高舒适度和更强功能的服装。

Wireless channel estimation for high-speed rail communications:Challenges,solutions and future directions

With the development of High-Speed Rail(HSR),countries and individual passengers alike have enjoyed far ranging benefits as a result-economic,social,environment and in added convenience.One of the important parts of HSR construction is the signaling system,where wireless communications play a key role in the transmission of train control data.Channel estimation has a significant impact on the quality of the wireless communication,however,whose performance is degraded due to the fast mobility of HSR.This paper focuses on the channel estimation technology in HSR.We first summarize the key challenges for HSR channel estimation,especially the Inter-Carrier Interference(ICI)faced by Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing(OFDM)systems.Then we provide a comprehensive review of existing pilot-aided channel estimation schemes from three points:channel model,estimation algorithm,joint channel estimation and ICI mitigation schemes.Lastly,we present the challenges of channel estimation for the Orthogonal Time Frequency Space(OTFS)system and Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface(RIS),which are promising techniques for HSR systems in the future sixth Generation(6G)wireless communication.

杏ISSR反应体系的优化和指纹图谱的构建

以杏品种清密沙为试材,用引物UBC825〔序列为(AC)8T〕研究了PCR反应体系的主要成分及退火温度对杏ISSR扩增结果的影响。结果表明:Primer、Mg2+、Taq酶浓度对扩增效果有明显影响,而模板DNA和dNTPs含量对扩增结果影响不大。优化的反应体系为:20μL的反应体系中含10ng模板DNA、0.1mmol/LdNTP、0.25μmol/LPrimer、2.5mmol/LMg2+,0.5UTaqPolymerase。适宜退火温度为50-52.1℃。用引物UBC825和UBC868〔序列为(GAA)5〕在优化的反应条件下建立了5个种12份杏材料的ISSR指纹图谱。

4种叶型性状半夏和掌叶半夏的ISSR分析

从50条ISSR引物中筛选到5条适合引物,对4种叶型性状半夏和掌叶半夏进行PCR扩增及琼脂糖凝胶电泳分析,构建5种不同半夏的DNA指纹图谱.结果表明:5条引物都能够分别扩增出多态性条带,其中引物UBC-868具有较高的多态性,可独自将所测的5种材料区分开.ISSR(Inter Simple Sequence Repeat)-PCR作为一种简便、可靠的分子标记技术,可以作为不同半夏鉴别的方法之一,从而实现对半夏种质资源分子水平的鉴定.

苦瓜ISSR-CR反应体系的建立

以苦瓜（Momordica charantia L．）为试材，研究了PCR反应体系的主要成分及退火温度、循环次数对苦瓜ISSR扩增结果的影响。结果表明：在20μl的反应体系中，Mg^2＋的用量为1．2—1．6mmol／L，dNTPs浓度为0．2mmol／L，引物的浓度为0．25μmol／L，Taq DNA聚合酶的用量为1u，模板DNA的用量为30～50ng，在46．4—51.7℃的退火温度下35个循环，能得到清晰、多态性高的ISSR带谱。

防旋髓内钉和InterTan固定A3型股骨转子间骨折：生物力学变化的有限元分析

背景:股骨转子间骨折是髋部常见骨折之一,伴随着老年骨质疏松以及高能量伤,骨折线常常下移导致A3型股骨转子间骨折,治疗困难。常见的髓内固定包括股骨近端防旋髓内钉和Inter Tan等,由于其具有较高的稳定性和微创性,得到了广泛的应用。目的:通过有限元分析的方法比较股骨近端防旋髓内钉和InterT an修复股骨转子间A3型骨折的生物力学稳定性。方法:分别建立AO3.1,3.2,3.3型股骨转子间骨折及股骨近端防旋髓内钉和InterT an两种内固定的三维有限元模型,按骨科要求予以固定,观察不同模型股骨、内固定的应力分布,比较股骨及内固定模型不同区域的应力峰值,分析其生物力学稳定性。结果与结论:AO3.1型骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉组股骨侧应力集中在股骨近端外侧,InterT an组股骨侧应力集中在股骨近端内侧;AO3.2型骨折两种内固定系统股骨侧各个区域均无明显应力集中;AO3.3型骨折股骨近端防旋髓内钉组股骨侧应力集中在股骨近端内侧及内固定远端内侧,InterT an组股骨侧无明显应力集中。6种模型内固定远端应力均集中在内侧,其中股骨近端防旋髓内钉组应力大于InterT an组;内固定远端内外侧应力差值股骨近端防旋髓内钉组大于InterT an组;除股骨近端防旋髓内钉固定AO3.3型骨折外,其余5种模型应力峰值均位于头钉与主钉交叉处内侧。提示AO3.1和AO3.3型骨折中,InterT an比股骨近端防旋髓内钉具有更好的稳定性,AO3.2型骨折中,二者稳定性无明显差异;采用InterT an修复股骨转子间骨折时股骨端应力分布更加合理。

InterTAN治疗老年股骨转子间骨折疗效的影响因素分析

目的：探讨多因素对于Inter TAN治疗老年股骨转子间骨折疗效的影响,为其合理治疗提供临床依据。方法：回顾分析2010年4月至2012年10月期间收治的老年股骨转子间骨折115例。回顾期间的5个相关影响因素：致病原因、年龄、骨折类型、手术时机、术后康复。采用Harris评分及患者满意度评价术后疗效。首先进行单因素分析。计数资料、等级分组资料采用χ2检验,将单因素分析后P〈0.05的因素进行Logistic回归分析。结果：随访6~36个月[平均（12.2±4.6）个月]。末次Harris功能评分：52~98分,平均（73.6±10.4）分,依据评判标准结果：优72例,良28例,一般15例,差0例,优良率86.95%。单因素分析,术后疗效不受年龄、致病原因影响。Logistic回归分析：骨折类型系数值=-1.508,P=0.003;手术时机系数值=-1.419,P=0.009;术后康复系数值1.351,P=0.000。结论：股骨转子间骨折使用Inter TAN治疗,临床疗效满意。建议尽早行手术治疗,并进行术后康复锻炼。

J2EE企业计算平台

J2EE平台规范是SUN公司制定的一个基于Java技术的分布式组件计算平台规范，在规范定义的平台上可以简单、快速的实现多层结构的基于组件技术的分布式应用系统。着重介绍了J2EE平台规范的技术背景、体系结构以及J2EE平台的主要技术。

棉花黄萎病菌遗传多样性的ISSR分析

【目的】利用ISSR分子标记技术,对不同地理来源的棉花黄萎病菌株进行分子指纹分析,以了解其遗传关系。【方法】选用25条引物,对来自于我国11个省(市、自治区)的28个棉花黄萎病菌株进行分子指纹分析,研究各菌株间的遗传相似性。【结果】从25条ISSR随机引物中筛选出9条多态性好、条带稳定的引物,用其对28个棉花黄萎病菌株进行扩增,共获得1 989条谱带,其中1 908条为多态性条带,多态性比率为95.9%,表明ISSR标记对棉花黄萎病菌具有较高的多态性;通过对棉花黄萎病菌ISSR遗传相似系数的统计与分析,得到其相关系数r=0.88,该r值介于0.8和0.9之间,表明进化树符合较好,故将ISSR标记应用于棉花黄萎病菌的遗传多样性分析,具有较高的一致性和可信度。ISSR多态性与棉花黄萎病菌的落叶型有一定的相关性,而与菌落形态类型、地理来源未表现出相关性。【结论】供试的不同地理来源的棉花黄萎病菌株遗传相似性较高,基因多样性较低,且ISSR多态性与地理来源未表现出相关性。

Inter Tan、PFNA在治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折加压作用的对比研究

目的比较Inter Tan和PFNA两种方法治疗老年股骨粗隆间骨折加压固定后的加压效果。方法 59例老年股骨粗隆间骨折患者随机分为2组,分别给予Inter Tan(n=39例)和PFNA(n=20例)治疗,X线随访2组患者术前、术后即时、术后4周和术后24周时骨折分离距离。结果 Inter Tan和PFNA两种方法治疗患者术前、术后即时和术后24周时骨折分离距离差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但是在术后4周时发现PFNA组有20.0%患者有骨折线增宽表现,而Inter Tan组仅为5.1%,组间比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 Inter Tan固定系统由于具有双螺钉交锁加压作用,在粗隆间骨折患者骨折复位后二次加压及持续维持加压作用方面,优于PFNA固定系统。

G形臂X线机透视下闭合复位InterTan髓内钉固定治疗股骨近端骨折41例

老年人容易发生股骨近端骨折,包括股骨颈骨折、股骨粗隆骨折、股骨粗隆下骨折。尽管外科技术发展很快,但对股骨近端骨折的固定方式还存在一些争议,大多采用关节置换的方法,效果较好,但可造成较大创伤。近年来有专家认为,对老年股骨颈骨折可选择性的进行关节置换,可采用G形臂X线机透视辅助下闭合复位手术[1]。

颈椎前路减压Inter Fix椎体间融合

目的 观察颈椎前路减压InterFix椎体间融合的稳定性及融合效果。方法 采用前路减压InterFix椎体间融合术治疗颈椎病及颈椎间盘突出症 2 7例 ,术后定期摄颈椎X线片检查 ,观察手术椎节的稳定性和融合情况。结果 随访 7～ 19个月 ,术后次日即下床活动 ,手术节段稳定 ,术后 3～ 4个月融合。结论 InterFix颈椎椎体间固定融合技术使施术椎节立即稳定 ,避免了自体植骨引起的并发症 ,可作为颈椎前路减压后椎体间融合的一种方法。

Inter Tan系统治疗老年股骨转子间骨折19例

据统计,1990年全球与骨质疏松有关的股骨近端骨折患者约166万,预计2050年可能达到626万,69岁以上老年患者髋部骨折病死率高,其中股骨转子间骨折死亡率约15%～20%〔1〕。为了尽量减少老年患者保守治疗并发症的发生,老年转子间骨折临床上首选内固定治疗,可供选择的内固定方法很多〔2,3〕,但由于老年人骨质的特殊性,现有的内固定器材都很难满足老年患者股骨转子间骨折的治疗需求。新一代股骨近端顺行联合拉力交锁髓内（Inter Tan）系统的问世,给老年股骨转子间骨折的治疗提供了新的途径。本文就应用Inter Tan系统治疗老年股骨转子间骨折进行临床分析。

基于Web的在线拍卖系统体系结构研究

文章主要研究了基于Web的在线拍卖系统的体系结构、文件流程结构及其实现构想,并对系统数据库设计进行了简要概述。