In the next few years traffic will happen most of the time.This was triggered by the growing rate of vehicles against the road capacity which is not balance.All the time the congestion in the city of Semarang has been...In the next few years traffic will happen most of the time.This was triggered by the growing rate of vehicles against the road capacity which is not balance.All the time the congestion in the city of Semarang has been occurred at peak hours.Congestion also occurred in between Teuku Umar and Setia Budi road Jatingaleh because of a plot intersection(Kesatrian intersection,PLN intersection and Jatingaleh intersection)with the Toll Road.Jatingaleh is located in the southern city of Semarang which is a central meeting point between the upper and lower Semarang where the vehicle flows in through a combination of local current and regional traffic,and the flow of vehicles coming in and out from highway.The main cause of the problems that occurred in the area of Jatingaleh is due to the numbers of vehicles movement that occurs at the intersections.With the above issues,it is necessary to analyse the existing conditions and look into some solutions.Before carrying out an analysis a field surveys at peak hours for example morning(06:00 to 08:00 am)and for the afternoon(04:00 to 06:00 pm)should be conducted,then the number of vehicles is counted manually with“short-breakcounting”according to types of vehicles.From the analysis we found that the degree of saturation(DS)is 1.61 between Teuku Umar and Setia Budi road during the morning peak hours and 1.56 during the afternoon peak hours.This means that the capacity of the existing road is no longer able to accommodate the traffic flow.One of the solutions for the congestion that occurs at the intersection of Jatingaleh is to apply the efficiency of the intersection that is not in a plot with a Fly over,Underpass and the combination of Fly Over-Underpass.Base on the flow reduction calculation with 3 comparative modeling it shows that the Fly Over is the most technically efficient to be applied in this research.展开更多
BACKGROUND The femoral neck dynamic intersection system(FNS)is mechanically more stable than other internal fixation techniques.Current studies have confirmed that the structural design of FNS has good biomechanical p...BACKGROUND The femoral neck dynamic intersection system(FNS)is mechanically more stable than other internal fixation techniques.Current studies have confirmed that the structural design of FNS has good biomechanical properties in European and American populations.However,whether the suitability of the FNS's 130°main nail angle design for Asian populations has been thoroughly investigated remains unclear.AIM To compare the biomechanical stability differences among different main nail angles of the FNS in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in Asian populations.METHODS Computed tomography data of the femur of healthy adult male volunteers were imported into Mimics software to create a three-dimensional model of the femur.The model was adapted to the curve using Geomagic software and imported into Solidworks software to construct the Pauwels I femoral neck fracture model and design the FNS internal fixation model using different main nail angles.Afterward,the models were assembled with the FNS fracture model and meshed using the preprocessing Hypermesh software.Subsequently,they were imported into Abaqus software to analyze and evaluate the biomechanical effects of different angles of the FNS main nail on the treatment of femoral neck fractures.RESULTS The peak displacement of the proximal femur under different angles of FNS fixation under stress was 7.446 millimeters in the 120°group and 7.416 millimeters in the 125°group;in the 130°,135°,and 140°FNS fixation groups,the peak displacement was 7.324 millimeters,8.138 millimeters,and 8.246 millimeters,respectively.In the 120°and 125°FNS fixation groups,the maximum stresses were concentrated at the main nail and the anti-rotation screw,which intersected the fracture line of the femur neck,resulting in peak stresses of 200.7 MPa and 138.8 MPa,respectively.Peak stresses of 208.8 MPa,219.8 MPa,and 239.3 MPa were observed on the angular locking plate distal to the locking screw in the 130°,135°,and 140°fixation groups.CONCLUSION FNS has significant stress distribution properties,a minimal proximal femoral displacement,and an optimal stability for treating femoral neck fractures in Asian populations when performed with a 130°main nail angle.展开更多
文摘In the next few years traffic will happen most of the time.This was triggered by the growing rate of vehicles against the road capacity which is not balance.All the time the congestion in the city of Semarang has been occurred at peak hours.Congestion also occurred in between Teuku Umar and Setia Budi road Jatingaleh because of a plot intersection(Kesatrian intersection,PLN intersection and Jatingaleh intersection)with the Toll Road.Jatingaleh is located in the southern city of Semarang which is a central meeting point between the upper and lower Semarang where the vehicle flows in through a combination of local current and regional traffic,and the flow of vehicles coming in and out from highway.The main cause of the problems that occurred in the area of Jatingaleh is due to the numbers of vehicles movement that occurs at the intersections.With the above issues,it is necessary to analyse the existing conditions and look into some solutions.Before carrying out an analysis a field surveys at peak hours for example morning(06:00 to 08:00 am)and for the afternoon(04:00 to 06:00 pm)should be conducted,then the number of vehicles is counted manually with“short-breakcounting”according to types of vehicles.From the analysis we found that the degree of saturation(DS)is 1.61 between Teuku Umar and Setia Budi road during the morning peak hours and 1.56 during the afternoon peak hours.This means that the capacity of the existing road is no longer able to accommodate the traffic flow.One of the solutions for the congestion that occurs at the intersection of Jatingaleh is to apply the efficiency of the intersection that is not in a plot with a Fly over,Underpass and the combination of Fly Over-Underpass.Base on the flow reduction calculation with 3 comparative modeling it shows that the Fly Over is the most technically efficient to be applied in this research.
基金Supported by Tianjin Science and Technology planning Project,No.21JCQNJC01060Key Project of Tianjin Natural Science Foundation,No.22JCZDJC00340National Key Research and Development Project of China,No.2022YFC3601904.
文摘BACKGROUND The femoral neck dynamic intersection system(FNS)is mechanically more stable than other internal fixation techniques.Current studies have confirmed that the structural design of FNS has good biomechanical properties in European and American populations.However,whether the suitability of the FNS's 130°main nail angle design for Asian populations has been thoroughly investigated remains unclear.AIM To compare the biomechanical stability differences among different main nail angles of the FNS in the treatment of femoral neck fractures in Asian populations.METHODS Computed tomography data of the femur of healthy adult male volunteers were imported into Mimics software to create a three-dimensional model of the femur.The model was adapted to the curve using Geomagic software and imported into Solidworks software to construct the Pauwels I femoral neck fracture model and design the FNS internal fixation model using different main nail angles.Afterward,the models were assembled with the FNS fracture model and meshed using the preprocessing Hypermesh software.Subsequently,they were imported into Abaqus software to analyze and evaluate the biomechanical effects of different angles of the FNS main nail on the treatment of femoral neck fractures.RESULTS The peak displacement of the proximal femur under different angles of FNS fixation under stress was 7.446 millimeters in the 120°group and 7.416 millimeters in the 125°group;in the 130°,135°,and 140°FNS fixation groups,the peak displacement was 7.324 millimeters,8.138 millimeters,and 8.246 millimeters,respectively.In the 120°and 125°FNS fixation groups,the maximum stresses were concentrated at the main nail and the anti-rotation screw,which intersected the fracture line of the femur neck,resulting in peak stresses of 200.7 MPa and 138.8 MPa,respectively.Peak stresses of 208.8 MPa,219.8 MPa,and 239.3 MPa were observed on the angular locking plate distal to the locking screw in the 130°,135°,and 140°fixation groups.CONCLUSION FNS has significant stress distribution properties,a minimal proximal femoral displacement,and an optimal stability for treating femoral neck fractures in Asian populations when performed with a 130°main nail angle.
