Using ERS1/2 radar satellite data, we generated a Digital Elevation Model by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, and the ERS1/2 DEM that we generated is obviously superior to both the 1/25 ten thousandscale DEM ...Using ERS1/2 radar satellite data, we generated a Digital Elevation Model by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, and the ERS1/2 DEM that we generated is obviously superior to both the 1/25 ten thousandscale DEM of the National Fundamental Geographic Information System of China and the 90m spatial resolution’s SRTM DEM that America published in 2004 when it showed the characteristics of tiny structure relief. By analyzing the relief characteristics of the Bengcuo fault zone based on ERS1/2 DEM, we find that the relief on the connection location of the Bengcuo and Pengcuo fault zones has complex characteristics. A structure relief that is similar to the Pengcuo fault zone crosses through the DaziDasha fault on the the Bengcuo fault zone, while the DaziDasha fault crosses through a gully at this place. This indicates that the DaziDasha fault has been active at this place recently. At the same time, the NakaNaduiduo fault is severed by the gully which was cut through by the DaziDasha fault. Therefore, the NakaNaduiduo fault was formed earlier than the DaziDasha fault.展开更多
以国内某高速铁路钢拱桥为研究对象,选取2017—2018年期间59幅C波段Senti⁃nel-1号雷达卫星影像,利用PS-InSAR技术处理影像获得桥梁的视线向(Line of Sight,LOS)位移,根据SAR成像空间几何关系解算出支座的纵向位移.研究结果表明:支座纵...以国内某高速铁路钢拱桥为研究对象,选取2017—2018年期间59幅C波段Senti⁃nel-1号雷达卫星影像,利用PS-InSAR技术处理影像获得桥梁的视线向(Line of Sight,LOS)位移,根据SAR成像空间几何关系解算出支座的纵向位移.研究结果表明:支座纵向位移的时空特性与实际桥梁结构相符合,验证了PS-InSAR技术观测桥梁结构位移的可行性.建立支座纵向位移与温度的线性相关模型,并与结构健康监测系统的实测结果进行对比.两者吻合良好,相对误差控制在10%以内,验证了PS-InSAR测量桥梁结构位移的可靠性.利用有限元模拟温度作用下桥梁支座的位移变化,并与PS-InSAR位移时间序列进行对比.两者趋势基本一致,LOS向位移误差在[-10,10]mm,验证了PS-InSAR测量桥梁结构位移的准确性.展开更多
Displacement monitoring in open-pit mines is one of the important tasks for safe management of mining processes.Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(DInSAR),mounted on an artificial satellite,has the ...Displacement monitoring in open-pit mines is one of the important tasks for safe management of mining processes.Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(DInSAR),mounted on an artificial satellite,has the potential to be a cost-effective method for monitoring surface displacements over extensive areas,such as open-pit mines.DInSAR requires the ground surface elevation data in the process of its analysis as a digital elevation model(DEM).However,since the topography of the ground surface in open-pit mines changes largely due to excavations,measurement errors can occur due to insufficient information on the elevation of mining areas.In this paper,effect of different elevation models on the accuracy of the displacement monitoring results by DInSAR is investigated at a limestone quarry.In addition,validity of the DInSAR results using an appropriate DEM is examined by comparing them with the results obtained by global positioning system(GPS)monitoring conducted for three years at the same limestone quarry.It is found that the uncertainty of DEMs induces large errors in the displacement monitoring results if the baseline length of the satellites between the master and the slave data is longer than a few hundred meters.Comparing the monitoring results of DInSAR and GPS,the root mean square error(RMSE)of the discrepancy between the two sets of results is less than 10 mm if an appropriate DEM,considering the excavation processes,is used.It is proven that DInSAR can be applied for monitoring the displacements of mine slopes with centimeter-level accuracy.展开更多
The cryosphere is the frozen part of the Earth’s system. Snow and ice are the main constituents of the cryosphere and may be found in different states, such as snow, freshwater ice, sea ice, perma-frost, and continen...The cryosphere is the frozen part of the Earth’s system. Snow and ice are the main constituents of the cryosphere and may be found in different states, such as snow, freshwater ice, sea ice, perma-frost, and continental ice masses in the form of glaciers and ice sheets. The present review mainly deals with state-of-the-art applications of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with a special emphasize on cryospheric information extraction. SAR is the most important active microwave remote sensing (RS) instrument for ice monitoring, which provides high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface. SAR is an ideal sensor in RS technology, which works in all-weather and day and night conditions to provide useful unprecedented information, especially in the cryospheric regions which are almost inaccessible areas on Earth. This paper addresses the technological evolution of SAR and its applications in studying the various components of the cryosphere. The arrival of SAR radically changed the capabilities of information extraction related to ice type, new ice formation, and ice thickness. SAR applications can be divided into two broad classes-polarimetric applications and interferometric applications. Polarimetric SAR has been effectively used for mapping calving fronts, crevasses, surface structures, sea ice, detection of icebergs, etc. The paper also summarizes both the operational and climate change research by using SAR for sea ice parameter detection. Digital elevation model (DEM) generation and glacier velocity mapping are the two most important applications used in cryosphere using SAR interferometry or interferometric SAR (InSAR). Space-borne InSAR techniques for measuring ice flow velocity and topography have developed rapidly over the last decade. InSAR is capable of measuring ice motion that has radically changed the science of glaciers and ice sheets. Measurement of temperate glacier velocities and surface characteristics by using airborne and space-borne interferometric satellite images have been the significant application in glaciology and cryospheric studies. Space-borne InSAR has contributed to major evolution in many research areas of glaciological study by measuring ice-stream flow velocity, improving understanding of ice-shelf processes, yielding velocity for flux-gate based mass-balance assessment, and mapping flow of mountain glaciers. The present review summarizes the salient development of SAR applications in cryosphere and glaciology.展开更多
基金This project was sponsored bythe Special Programof Social Public Welfare Research of the Ministry of Science and Technology of PRC(2002D1A10001)
文摘Using ERS1/2 radar satellite data, we generated a Digital Elevation Model by Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar, and the ERS1/2 DEM that we generated is obviously superior to both the 1/25 ten thousandscale DEM of the National Fundamental Geographic Information System of China and the 90m spatial resolution’s SRTM DEM that America published in 2004 when it showed the characteristics of tiny structure relief. By analyzing the relief characteristics of the Bengcuo fault zone based on ERS1/2 DEM, we find that the relief on the connection location of the Bengcuo and Pengcuo fault zones has complex characteristics. A structure relief that is similar to the Pengcuo fault zone crosses through the DaziDasha fault on the the Bengcuo fault zone, while the DaziDasha fault crosses through a gully at this place. This indicates that the DaziDasha fault has been active at this place recently. At the same time, the NakaNaduiduo fault is severed by the gully which was cut through by the DaziDasha fault. Therefore, the NakaNaduiduo fault was formed earlier than the DaziDasha fault.
文摘以国内某高速铁路钢拱桥为研究对象,选取2017—2018年期间59幅C波段Senti⁃nel-1号雷达卫星影像,利用PS-InSAR技术处理影像获得桥梁的视线向(Line of Sight,LOS)位移,根据SAR成像空间几何关系解算出支座的纵向位移.研究结果表明:支座纵向位移的时空特性与实际桥梁结构相符合,验证了PS-InSAR技术观测桥梁结构位移的可行性.建立支座纵向位移与温度的线性相关模型,并与结构健康监测系统的实测结果进行对比.两者吻合良好,相对误差控制在10%以内,验证了PS-InSAR测量桥梁结构位移的可靠性.利用有限元模拟温度作用下桥梁支座的位移变化,并与PS-InSAR位移时间序列进行对比.两者趋势基本一致,LOS向位移误差在[-10,10]mm,验证了PS-InSAR测量桥梁结构位移的准确性.
基金partially supported by JSPS KAKENHI(Grant No.16H03153)the Limestone Association of Japan。
文摘Displacement monitoring in open-pit mines is one of the important tasks for safe management of mining processes.Differential interferometric synthetic aperture radar(DInSAR),mounted on an artificial satellite,has the potential to be a cost-effective method for monitoring surface displacements over extensive areas,such as open-pit mines.DInSAR requires the ground surface elevation data in the process of its analysis as a digital elevation model(DEM).However,since the topography of the ground surface in open-pit mines changes largely due to excavations,measurement errors can occur due to insufficient information on the elevation of mining areas.In this paper,effect of different elevation models on the accuracy of the displacement monitoring results by DInSAR is investigated at a limestone quarry.In addition,validity of the DInSAR results using an appropriate DEM is examined by comparing them with the results obtained by global positioning system(GPS)monitoring conducted for three years at the same limestone quarry.It is found that the uncertainty of DEMs induces large errors in the displacement monitoring results if the baseline length of the satellites between the master and the slave data is longer than a few hundred meters.Comparing the monitoring results of DInSAR and GPS,the root mean square error(RMSE)of the discrepancy between the two sets of results is less than 10 mm if an appropriate DEM,considering the excavation processes,is used.It is proven that DInSAR can be applied for monitoring the displacements of mine slopes with centimeter-level accuracy.
文摘The cryosphere is the frozen part of the Earth’s system. Snow and ice are the main constituents of the cryosphere and may be found in different states, such as snow, freshwater ice, sea ice, perma-frost, and continental ice masses in the form of glaciers and ice sheets. The present review mainly deals with state-of-the-art applications of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) with a special emphasize on cryospheric information extraction. SAR is the most important active microwave remote sensing (RS) instrument for ice monitoring, which provides high-resolution images of the Earth’s surface. SAR is an ideal sensor in RS technology, which works in all-weather and day and night conditions to provide useful unprecedented information, especially in the cryospheric regions which are almost inaccessible areas on Earth. This paper addresses the technological evolution of SAR and its applications in studying the various components of the cryosphere. The arrival of SAR radically changed the capabilities of information extraction related to ice type, new ice formation, and ice thickness. SAR applications can be divided into two broad classes-polarimetric applications and interferometric applications. Polarimetric SAR has been effectively used for mapping calving fronts, crevasses, surface structures, sea ice, detection of icebergs, etc. The paper also summarizes both the operational and climate change research by using SAR for sea ice parameter detection. Digital elevation model (DEM) generation and glacier velocity mapping are the two most important applications used in cryosphere using SAR interferometry or interferometric SAR (InSAR). Space-borne InSAR techniques for measuring ice flow velocity and topography have developed rapidly over the last decade. InSAR is capable of measuring ice motion that has radically changed the science of glaciers and ice sheets. Measurement of temperate glacier velocities and surface characteristics by using airborne and space-borne interferometric satellite images have been the significant application in glaciology and cryospheric studies. Space-borne InSAR has contributed to major evolution in many research areas of glaciological study by measuring ice-stream flow velocity, improving understanding of ice-shelf processes, yielding velocity for flux-gate based mass-balance assessment, and mapping flow of mountain glaciers. The present review summarizes the salient development of SAR applications in cryosphere and glaciology.
