In the cross between B. napus with OguCMSOrychophragmus violaceus, pre-fertilizatiocompatibility was observed. An intergeneric hybrid was successfully obtained by usinovary culture. The hybrid status was confirmed by ...In the cross between B. napus with OguCMSOrychophragmus violaceus, pre-fertilizatiocompatibility was observed. An intergeneric hybrid was successfully obtained by usinovary culture. The hybrid status was confirmed by cytology, morphology, fertilityisozyme and miosis analysis. The seed setting rate was 0.0072%. An amphidiploid of thhybrid was also produced by the use of chromosome-doubling method with 0.1% colchicinetreatment. Obtaining this hybrid and its amphidiploid has important theoretical anutilization value.展开更多
We succeeded in producing mature seed from a line of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis that had been hybridized with Raphanus sativus var. major. Our focus was on dominance of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis;radish (R. sativus va...We succeeded in producing mature seed from a line of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis that had been hybridized with Raphanus sativus var. major. Our focus was on dominance of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis;radish (R. sativus var. major) had no influence. Marker tests for similarity showed that the original CR291M-64 x HwiM-2 hybrid was an inbred CR291M-64, rather than a genuine cross;this appears to have resulted from weak self-incompatibility in this strain. The plants from the mature seed bloomed with reddish flowers differently shown up to present. The intergeneric hybrid between Brassica inbred and Raphanus hybrid was very weak in strength compared to the Brassica inbred which was self-pollinated even though the cause of the weak was not identified. The hybrids between Brassica hybrid, dominant and elite recessive, and Raphanus can be developed in large quantities using mature hybrid seed without resorting to ovule culture techniques.展开更多
Erianthus arundinaceus is an important, closely related genus of Saccharum officinarum L. It is therefore important to understand how the chromosomes are transmitted when it hybridizes with sugarcane. The hybrids and ...Erianthus arundinaceus is an important, closely related genus of Saccharum officinarum L. It is therefore important to understand how the chromosomes are transmitted when it hybridizes with sugarcane. The hybrids and backcross progenies of S. officinarum and E. arundinaceus and their parents were used for Karyotype analysis and to study the law of chromosome transmission. The results showed that the somatic chromosome number of both of the E. arundinaceus Hainan92-105 and Hainan92-77 were 2n = 60 = 60sm, belonging to type 1 A, and the BC1 YC01-21 was 2n = 104 = 100m + 4sm, belonging to type 2C. The other six tested clones belonged to type 2B. The both F1s YC96-66 and YC96-40 that originated from Badila (2n = 80 = 70m + 10sm) with E. Arundinaceus were 2n = 70 = 68m + 2sm, which suggests an n + n transmission. The cross between YC96-66 (female parent) and CP84-1198 (male parent, 2n = 120 = 114m + 6sm) also followed the same genetic law and the somatic chromosome number of their progeny, YC01-3 (2n = 105 = 95m + 10sm). The cross derived from YC96- 40 (female) and CP84-1198 (male), YC01-21 had 2n = 104 = 100m + 4sm chromosomes, following the same genetic law of n + n. However, YC01-36 had 2n = 132 = 130m + 2sm chromosomes, which suggests a 2n + n chromosome transmission. It can be inferred that the inheritance of chromosomes was very complex in the BC1. The difference in chromosome number between clones was as high as 28. This could be explained by the 2n + n transmission of chromosomes. In addition, as there was not be a regular number of haploids, this phenomenon is termed as disequilibrium hybridization.展开更多
Brassica rapa(AA,2n=20)and Raphanus sativus(RR,2n=18)are popular vegetables containing multiple secondary metabolites,such as flavonoids and anthocyanins.Nevertheless,fewstudies on miRNA expression profiles and potent...Brassica rapa(AA,2n=20)and Raphanus sativus(RR,2n=18)are popular vegetables containing multiple secondary metabolites,such as flavonoids and anthocyanins.Nevertheless,fewstudies on miRNA expression profiles and potential regulatory network of flavonoid metabolism have been reported in the intergeneric hybrid of B.rapa and R.sativus(Brassicacoraphanus,AARR,2n=38).Here,themiRNAs of Brassicacoraphanus and its parents were first identified by small RNA sequencing.It was revealed that 315 conserved miRNAs and 193 novel miRNAs were found in Brassicacoraphanus and its parents.Moreover,the miRNA expression profiles were characterized and 204 miRNAs with differential expression were obtained.Further analysis showed that 184 miRNAs were non-additively expressed in Brassicacoraphanus.At last,the potential regulatory network of flavonoid metabolism in Brassicacoraphanus was analyzed by multi-omics data,suggesting possible roles of miR858a and miR157a in regulating flavonoid synthesis pathway in Brassicacoraphanus.Taken together,this study provides useful resources for probing globalmiRNA expression patterns in Brassicacoraphanus,which facilitates regulatory mechanism research on the biosynthesis pathway of secondary metabolites in Brassicacoraphanus.展开更多
Electrically induced protoplast fusion was used to produce somatic hybrids between Brassica napus L. and Sinapis alba L. Seven hybrids were obtained and verified by the simple sequence repeat and cleaved amplified pol...Electrically induced protoplast fusion was used to produce somatic hybrids between Brassica napus L. and Sinapis alba L. Seven hybrids were obtained and verified by the simple sequence repeat and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence analysis of the gene fael, indicating that the characteristic bands from S. alba were present in the hybrids. The hybridity was also confirmed by chromosome number counting because the hybrids possessed 62 chromosomes, corresponding to the sum of fusion-parent chromosomes. Chromosome pairing at meiosis was predominantly normal, which led to high pollen fertility, ranging from 66% to 77%. All hybrids were grown to full maturity and could be fertilized and set seed after self-pollination or back-crosses with B. napus. The morphology of the hybrids resembled characteristics from both parental species. An analysis of the fatty acid composition in the seeds of F1 plants was conducted and the seeds were found to contain different amounts of erucic acid, ranging from 11.0% to 52.1%.展开更多
Taxodiorneria peizhongii Z. J. Ye, J. J. Zhang et S. H. Pan was regarded as a new Intergenerlc hybrid between Taxodlum mucronatum Tenore (as the female donor) and Cryptomeria fortunei Hoolbrenk ex Otto et Dletr (as...Taxodiorneria peizhongii Z. J. Ye, J. J. Zhang et S. H. Pan was regarded as a new Intergenerlc hybrid between Taxodlum mucronatum Tenore (as the female donor) and Cryptomeria fortunei Hoolbrenk ex Otto et Dletr (as the male donor). To confirm the authenticity of the intergeneric hybrid, we analyzed the rbcL gene and the Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of 26S-18S ribosomal RNA gene of the three species using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR), and ob- tained the following results:i) Taxodiomeria peizhongii had the same RFLP maps of the rbcL gene and the ITS as Taxodlum mucronatum, but was different from C. fortunei; II) a 311-bp PCR amplification product was obtained In C. fortunei by AP-PCR of ITS, but was not found in Taxodiomeria peizhongii. Our results have demonstrated that C. fortunei did not provide any genome for Taxodiomeria peizhongii, Implying that T. peizhongii Is not an Intergenerlc hybrid between the two species.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natura1 Science Foundation of China(39470457) the Ninth Five-Year Major Program of China.
文摘In the cross between B. napus with OguCMSOrychophragmus violaceus, pre-fertilizatiocompatibility was observed. An intergeneric hybrid was successfully obtained by usinovary culture. The hybrid status was confirmed by cytology, morphology, fertilityisozyme and miosis analysis. The seed setting rate was 0.0072%. An amphidiploid of thhybrid was also produced by the use of chromosome-doubling method with 0.1% colchicinetreatment. Obtaining this hybrid and its amphidiploid has important theoretical anutilization value.
文摘We succeeded in producing mature seed from a line of Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis that had been hybridized with Raphanus sativus var. major. Our focus was on dominance of B. rapa ssp. pekinensis;radish (R. sativus var. major) had no influence. Marker tests for similarity showed that the original CR291M-64 x HwiM-2 hybrid was an inbred CR291M-64, rather than a genuine cross;this appears to have resulted from weak self-incompatibility in this strain. The plants from the mature seed bloomed with reddish flowers differently shown up to present. The intergeneric hybrid between Brassica inbred and Raphanus hybrid was very weak in strength compared to the Brassica inbred which was self-pollinated even though the cause of the weak was not identified. The hybrids between Brassica hybrid, dominant and elite recessive, and Raphanus can be developed in large quantities using mature hybrid seed without resorting to ovule culture techniques.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foudation of China (30671329)the National Key Technologies R&D Program of Chinaduring the 11th Five-Year Plan period (2006BAD06-4)
文摘Erianthus arundinaceus is an important, closely related genus of Saccharum officinarum L. It is therefore important to understand how the chromosomes are transmitted when it hybridizes with sugarcane. The hybrids and backcross progenies of S. officinarum and E. arundinaceus and their parents were used for Karyotype analysis and to study the law of chromosome transmission. The results showed that the somatic chromosome number of both of the E. arundinaceus Hainan92-105 and Hainan92-77 were 2n = 60 = 60sm, belonging to type 1 A, and the BC1 YC01-21 was 2n = 104 = 100m + 4sm, belonging to type 2C. The other six tested clones belonged to type 2B. The both F1s YC96-66 and YC96-40 that originated from Badila (2n = 80 = 70m + 10sm) with E. Arundinaceus were 2n = 70 = 68m + 2sm, which suggests an n + n transmission. The cross between YC96-66 (female parent) and CP84-1198 (male parent, 2n = 120 = 114m + 6sm) also followed the same genetic law and the somatic chromosome number of their progeny, YC01-3 (2n = 105 = 95m + 10sm). The cross derived from YC96- 40 (female) and CP84-1198 (male), YC01-21 had 2n = 104 = 100m + 4sm chromosomes, following the same genetic law of n + n. However, YC01-36 had 2n = 132 = 130m + 2sm chromosomes, which suggests a 2n + n chromosome transmission. It can be inferred that the inheritance of chromosomes was very complex in the BC1. The difference in chromosome number between clones was as high as 28. This could be explained by the 2n + n transmission of chromosomes. In addition, as there was not be a regular number of haploids, this phenomenon is termed as disequilibrium hybridization.
基金This research was funded by National key research and Development Program(Grant No.2017YFD0101701)the New Century Talents Support Program by the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.NCET110172)the Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2019CFB476).We would like to thank Prof.Chuang Ma(Northwest A&F University)for helping to analyze the sequencing data.
文摘Brassica rapa(AA,2n=20)and Raphanus sativus(RR,2n=18)are popular vegetables containing multiple secondary metabolites,such as flavonoids and anthocyanins.Nevertheless,fewstudies on miRNA expression profiles and potential regulatory network of flavonoid metabolism have been reported in the intergeneric hybrid of B.rapa and R.sativus(Brassicacoraphanus,AARR,2n=38).Here,themiRNAs of Brassicacoraphanus and its parents were first identified by small RNA sequencing.It was revealed that 315 conserved miRNAs and 193 novel miRNAs were found in Brassicacoraphanus and its parents.Moreover,the miRNA expression profiles were characterized and 204 miRNAs with differential expression were obtained.Further analysis showed that 184 miRNAs were non-additively expressed in Brassicacoraphanus.At last,the potential regulatory network of flavonoid metabolism in Brassicacoraphanus was analyzed by multi-omics data,suggesting possible roles of miR858a and miR157a in regulating flavonoid synthesis pathway in Brassicacoraphanus.Taken together,this study provides useful resources for probing globalmiRNA expression patterns in Brassicacoraphanus,which facilitates regulatory mechanism research on the biosynthesis pathway of secondary metabolites in Brassicacoraphanus.
文摘Electrically induced protoplast fusion was used to produce somatic hybrids between Brassica napus L. and Sinapis alba L. Seven hybrids were obtained and verified by the simple sequence repeat and cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence analysis of the gene fael, indicating that the characteristic bands from S. alba were present in the hybrids. The hybridity was also confirmed by chromosome number counting because the hybrids possessed 62 chromosomes, corresponding to the sum of fusion-parent chromosomes. Chromosome pairing at meiosis was predominantly normal, which led to high pollen fertility, ranging from 66% to 77%. All hybrids were grown to full maturity and could be fertilized and set seed after self-pollination or back-crosses with B. napus. The morphology of the hybrids resembled characteristics from both parental species. An analysis of the fatty acid composition in the seeds of F1 plants was conducted and the seeds were found to contain different amounts of erucic acid, ranging from 11.0% to 52.1%.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (39970061).
文摘Taxodiorneria peizhongii Z. J. Ye, J. J. Zhang et S. H. Pan was regarded as a new Intergenerlc hybrid between Taxodlum mucronatum Tenore (as the female donor) and Cryptomeria fortunei Hoolbrenk ex Otto et Dletr (as the male donor). To confirm the authenticity of the intergeneric hybrid, we analyzed the rbcL gene and the Internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of 26S-18S ribosomal RNA gene of the three species using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and arbitrarily primed PCR (AP-PCR), and ob- tained the following results:i) Taxodiomeria peizhongii had the same RFLP maps of the rbcL gene and the ITS as Taxodlum mucronatum, but was different from C. fortunei; II) a 311-bp PCR amplification product was obtained In C. fortunei by AP-PCR of ITS, but was not found in Taxodiomeria peizhongii. Our results have demonstrated that C. fortunei did not provide any genome for Taxodiomeria peizhongii, Implying that T. peizhongii Is not an Intergenerlc hybrid between the two species.