Explanation of Gegen Qinlian Decoction Syndrome and Its Clinical Application

Gegen Qinlian Decoction is one of the commonly used classical prescriptions,which consists of fourherbs:Gegen(Puerariae Lobatae Radix),Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix),Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma),and Zhigancao Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata cum Melle.The clinical application experience of Gegen Qinlian Decoction is as follows:first,according to Zhongjing Zhang's original text,heat distressing the large intestine with unresolved exterior syndrome is theoriginal meaningof Gegen Qinlian Decoction syndrome.In clinical practice,bacillary dysentery,gastrointestinal cold,etc.,belong to simultaneous exterior and interior disease,which are completely consistent with the original meaning of this prescription;second,the clinical digestive system diseases with exuberant heat of the large intestine as the core manifestation cannot be treated merely based on the exterior syndrome;third,due to the interior-exterior relationship between the lung and the large intestine and between the meridians,the use of Gegen(Puerariae Lobatae Radix),Huangqin(Scutellariae Radix),and Huanglian(Coptidis Rhizoma)can make the source of body clear,and the waste qi can be released and thepore can be easily opened,so this prescription can also be used for exogenous fever;fourth,with multidimensional comprehensive understanding of the syndrome,pathogenesis,symptoms and pharmacology,Gegen Qinlian Decoction has also been further applied to the treatment of hypertension,diabetes,etc.

Evidence-Based Dampness-Heat ZHENG(Syndrome) in Cancer: Current Progress toward Establishing Relevant Animal Model with Pancreatic Tumor

Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases affecting the health of human beings. With limited therapeutic options available, complementary and alternative medicine has been widely adopted in cancer management and is increasingly becoming accepted by both patients and healthcare workers alike. Chinese medicine characterized by its unique diagnostic and treatment system is the most widely applied complementary and alternative medicine. It emphasizes symptoms and ZHENG(syndrome)-based treatment combined with contemporary disease diagnosis and further stratifies patients into individualized medicine subgroups. As a representative cancer with the highest degree of malignancy, pancreatic cancer is traditionally classified into the "amassment and accumulation". Emerging perspectives define the core pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer as "dampness-heat" and the respective treatment "clearing heat and resolving dampness" has been demonstrated to prolong survival in pancreatic cancer patients, as has been observed in many other cancers. This clinical advantage encourages an exploration of the essence of dampness-heat ZHENG(DHZ) in cancer and investigation into underlying mechanisms of action of herbal formulations against dampness-heat. However, at present, there is a lack of understanding of the molecular characteristics of DHZ in cancer and no standardized and widely accepted animal model to study this core syndrome in vivo. The shortage of animal models limits the ability to uncover the antitumor mechanisms of herbal medicines and to assess the safety profile of the natural products derived from them. This review summarizes the current research on DHZ in cancer in terms of the clinical aspects, molecular landscape, and animal models. This study aims to provide comprehensive insight that can be used for the establishment of a future standardized ZHENG-based cancer animal model.

Efficacy and Safety of Guihuang Formula in Treating Type Ⅲ Prostatitis Patients with Dampness-Heat and Blood Stasis Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To observe the efficacy and safety of Guihuang Formula(GHF) in treating patients with type Ⅲ prostatitis and Chinese medicine syndrome of dampness-heat and blood stasis. Methods: Sixty-six type Ⅲ prostatitis patients with dampness-heat and blood stasis syndrome were randomly divided into the treatment group(GHF) and the control group(tamsulosin) using a random number table, with 33 cases each group. The treatment group received GHF twice a day, and the control group received tamsulosin 0.2 mg once daily before bedtime. Patients in both groups received treatment for 6 weeks and was followed up for 2 weeks. The outcomes included the National Institute of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index(NIH-CPSI) score, Chinese Medicine Symptoms Score(CMSS), expressed prostatic secretions(EPS) and adverse events(AEs). Results: After treatment, the NIH-CPSI total score and domain scores of pain discomfort, urination and quality of life decreased significantly from the baseline in both groups(P<0.05). The CMSS score decreased in both groups(P<0.05). The white blood cell(WBC) count decreased and lecithin body count increased in both groups(P<0.05). GHF showed a more obvious advantage in reducing the pain discomfort and quality of life domain scores of NIH-CPSI, reducing the CMSS score, increasing the improvement rate of the WBC and lecithin body counts, compared with the control group(P<0.05). There were no significant differences in decreasing urination domain score of NIH-CPSI between two groups(P>0.05). In addition, no serious AEs were observed. Conclusion: GHF is effective in treating type Ⅲ prostatitis patients with dampness-heat and blood stasis syndrome without serious AEs.(Registration No. ChiCTR1900026966)

从肠论治脓毒症所致ALI/ARDS有效性的Meta分析

目的系统评价在中医“肺与大肠相表里”理论下指导下,从肠论治脓毒症所致急性肺损伤/急性呼吸迫综合征(ALI/ARDS)的临床疗效,为临床提供循证参考。方法通过计算机检索中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普中文期刊数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBMdisc)荷兰医学文摘Embase数据库、美国国立医学图书馆PubMed数据库、Cochrane图书馆数据库中,从建库至2020年10月8日发表的将通腑法作为干预措施治疗脓毒症所致ALI/ARDS的随机对照试验(RCT)。对照组采用常规西医治疗,试验组在常规西医治疗基础上联合通腑法治疗。由2名研究者筛选文献并对符合纳入标准的文献进行数据提取,运用改良Jadad量表进行质量评价,采用RevMan5.4和Stata16.0软件对数据进行Meta分析。结果最终纳入13篇文献,均为单中心RCT,其中≥4分的文献7篇,<4分的文献6篇。共纳入579例患者,其中试验组290例,对照组289例。Meta分析显示,与对照组比较,联合通腑法治疗能明显提高脓毒症所致ALI/ARDS患者氧合指数[PaO_(2)/FiO_(2),均数差(MD)=62.55,95%可信区间(95%CI)为55.74~69.37,P<0.05],降低白细胞介素-6(IL-6,MD=-29.70,95%CI为-48.34~-11.06,P<0.05)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α,MD=-2.94,95%CI为-5.28~-0.59,P<0.05)降钙素原(PCT,MD=-1.34,95%CI为-2.17~-0.51,P<0.05)和C-反应蛋白(CRP,MD=-22.41,95%CI为-36.52~-8.29,P<0.05)水平,缩短机械通气时间(MD=-2.26,95%CI为-2.86~-1.66,P<0.05)和重症监护病房(ICU)住院时间(MD=-4.15,95%CI为-7.47~-0.84,P<0.05),降低28d病死率[相对危险度(RR)=0.43,95%CI为0.24~0.76,P<0.05]和急性生理学与慢性健康状况评分Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ,MD=-3.53,95%CI为-5.41~-1.64,P<0.05)。结论从肠论治对减轻脓毒症所致ALI/ARDS患者病情及改善预后有一定价值,但仍需进一步开展高质量的RCT以验证其疗效,为临床治疗提供更准确的循证医学证据。

基于《伤寒论》探讨从半表半里论治前列腺疾病

前列腺疾病是男科常见病,病机复杂,症状复杂,病程迁延,常发展为慢性。当前中医对前列腺疾病治疗,多采用脏腑辨证、病因辨证方法,理论完善,收效颇丰,但以六经辨证论治者少,未见系统论述。从半表半里论治前列腺疾病是在《伤寒论》六经辨证的基础上,融合八纲辨证,分别从半表半里的阳证、阴证、瘀血、水饮、气滞5个方面的诊治进行探讨,并简要论述半表半里用药的一般规律,从而为前列腺疾病的治疗提供新的思路,以供参考。

Effective Common Chinese Herbal Medicines Used in Treating Chronic Cholecystitis with Liver-Gallbladder Dampness-Heat Syndrome: A Review of Clinical Studies in the Past 10 Years

The objective of the study is to identify the effective common Chinese herbal medicines used in treating chronic cholecystitis with liver-gallbladder dampness-heat syndrome(CCLGDHS) through reviewing relevant clinical studies published in the past 10 years. Data were collected from Science Direct and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure. Data screening was carried out for the abstracts and full texts of the data. The top 15 Chinese herbal medicines with the highest occurring frequency were selected, statistically analyzed, and classified by their medicinal properties, actions, and indications according to the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2015 edition. The top 15 effective common Chinese herbal medicines comprise Chai Hu, Huang Qin, Jin Qian Cao, Bai Shao, Yin Chen, Yu Jin, Chuan Lian Zi, Yan Hu Suo, Zhi Shi, Ban Xia, Bai Zhu, Pu Gong Ying, Gan Cao, Zhi Zi, and Qing Pi. The predominant natures were cold, cool, and warm. This combination can clear stagnant heat, warm Yang, and regulate Qi dynamics. In addition, bitter, pungent, and sweet were the predominant flavors. They can clear dampness-heat, regulate Qi dynamics to relieve cramps and pain, as well as tonify the deficiency. Along with entering the liver and gallbladder meridians, these herbal medicines also entered the spleen, stomach, and lung meridians to prevent potential disease transmission. The combinatorial medicinal actions of the effective common Chinese herbal medicine highlight the importance of the holistic concept of traditional Chinese medicine when treating CCLGDHS. In addition, the inclusion of activating blood to promote blood circulation, relieving cramps and alleviating pain, and tonifying the spleen and stomach represents a new finding in the treatment principle for CCLGDHS.

Haoqin Qingdan Decoction(蒿芩清胆汤)and Ribavirin Therapy Downregulate CD14 and Toll-Like Receptor 4 in Febrile Disease with Dampness-Heat Syndrome in A Mouse Model

Objective： To evaluate the effect of Chinese medicine Haoqin Qingdan Decoction （蒿芩清胆汤, HQD） for febrile disease dampness-heat syndrome （FDDHS）. Methods： Forty mice were divided into four groups, including normal control, FDDHS （induced by Radix et Rhizoma Rhei recipe and influenza virus A1 FM1 model）, HQD, and the ribavirin groups （10 in each）. The normal control and FDDHS groups were administered normal saline. HQD and the ribavirin groups were administered HQD and ribavirin intragastrically once daily at a dose of 64 g/（kg.d） and 0.07 g/（kg.d）, respectively for 7 days. Lethargy, rough hair, diarrhea, tongue color and sole color were evaluated for pathological changes in morphology. The tongue and lung tissues were collected for histology. The CD14 and toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） expression levels were measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results： More than 80% of the FDDHS mice showed hypokinesia and lethargy, and pathological changes associated with rough hair, diarrhea, tongue color and sole color. With advanced treatment for 7 days, the thick greasy tongue fur of the HQD and ribavirin groups were thinner than that of the FDDHS group （P〈0.05）, and it was the thinnest in the ribavirin group as compared with that in other groups （P〈0.05）. The CD14 and TLR4 expression levels in the lung tissues of HQD and ribavirin groups significantly delined compared with the model group （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. CD14 was down-regulated more remarkably in the HQD group compared with the ribavirin group （P〈0.05）, whereas the converse was true with TLR4 （P〈0.05）. Conclusions： We established a FDDHS mouse model showing systemic clinical symptoms. Both HQD and ribavirin can inhibit the expression of CD14 and TLR4 in FDDHS mice, while the effect of ribavirin might be much more violent. The expression changes of CD14 and TLR4 consistently refers to lipopolysaccharide, the commonly and hotly inducing factor in FDDHS.

徐长卿为君药的中药方治疗活动期溃疡性结肠炎临床观察

目的观察徐长卿为君药的中药方治疗活动期轻中度溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效。方法将60例患者随机分为试验组和对照组,各30例。试验组给予徐长卿为君药的中药方口服,对照组给予美沙拉嗪肠溶片,比较两组治疗前后腹泻、脓血便、腹痛、腹胀、肛门灼热、里急后重、总体症状积分及红细胞沉降率、C反应蛋白水平,并监测不良反应。结果治疗后,两组患者的腹泻、脓血便、腹痛、腹胀、肛门灼热、里急后重、总体症状积分及红细胞沉降率、C反应蛋白水平均有明显改善(P<0.05),并且试验组患者脓血便及总体症状的改善优于对照组患者(P<0.05)。仅对照组有1例患者丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)升高。结论徐长卿为君药的中药方治疗活动期轻中度UC是有效且安全的,并且对脓血便及总体症状的改善优于美沙拉嗪肠溶片。

化痰解郁安神汤联合振腹推拿手法对老年慢性失眠症的临床治疗效果研究

【目的】探讨化痰解郁安神汤联合振腹推拿手法对老年慢性失眠症的临床治疗效果。【方法】将94例老年慢性失眠症痰热内扰型患者随机分为观察组和对照组,每组各47例。对照组给予化痰解郁安神汤治疗,观察组给予化痰解郁安神汤联合振腹推拿手法治疗,疗程为4周。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评分、阿森斯失眠量表(AIS)评分、疲劳量表-14(FS-14)评分、世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(WHOQOL-BREF)评分以及血清褪黑素(MT)、多巴胺(DA)、皮质醇(CORT)水平的变化情况,并评价2组患者的临床疗效。【结果】(1)疗效方面:治疗4周后,观察组的总有效率为97.88%(46/47),对照组为87.23%(41/47),组间比较(χ2检验),观察组的疗效明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(2)中医证候积分方面:治疗后,2组患者的主症积分和次症积分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组对主症积分和次症积分的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(3)相关量表评分方面:治疗后,2组患者的PSQI评分、AIS评分、FS-14评分均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),WHOQOL-BREF评分均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),且观察组对PSQI评分、AIS评分、FS-14评分的降低幅度及对WHOQOL-BREF评分的升高幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。(4)血清学指标方面:治疗后,2组患者的血清MT水平均较治疗前明显升高(P<0.05),血清DA、CORT水平均较治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),且观察组对血清MT水平的升高幅度及对血清DA、CORT水平的降低幅度均明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。【结论】化痰解郁安神汤与振腹推拿手法联合治疗方案在老年慢性失眠症痰热内扰型患者中能达到较理想的应用效果,可有效调节患者的中枢神经系统,改善患者的睡眠质量,促进机体疲劳感的消除及生活质量的提升,对提升其整体的失眠治疗效果有重要意义。

国医大师张磊从气血津液辨证治疗热郁头痛

国医大师张磊教授将郁热头痛分为郁热表证、郁热里证,从气血津液辨证治疗热郁头痛。其治疗头痛郁热表证选方用药以“辛散轻清”为主,以宣散表邪、恢复气机出入正常为主,临床常用经验方谷青汤,选奇汤、芎芷石膏汤、清空膏、川芎茶调散、川芎散等加减化裁也为其常用方,多用羌活、防风、白芷等风药。热郁里证头痛为气、血、津液郁滞于脏腑,郁久化热,灼热上扰清窍所致。气壅于内宜清宜泄,头痛合并阳明里热炽盛者,可加石膏,肠道燥屎内结者可用承气汤、大柴胡汤;气滞血瘀宜疏宜和,可用逍遥散、小柴胡汤、散偏汤、镇肝熄风汤等加减治疗;痰热内郁宜消宜导,对于痰热头痛者多以温胆汤、涤痰汤治之;瘀热内结宜行宜下,常用川牛膝、大黄以引血、引热下行。此外,张老师认为,久病瘀阻经络宜通络和络。

从《伤寒论》少阳病证治特点探讨少阳半表半里说

“半表半里”一词虽未见于《伤寒论》,但“半表半里”之说源自其148条“半在里半在外”。其首见于《注解伤寒论》,随着后世医家的不断阐释发扬,半表半里学说对后世医家产生了重大影响。本文通过《伤寒论》相关文献梳理剖析,结合后世代表注家对半表半里的阐释,提出少阳病半表半里说不应从病位立论而当从病机立论,其内涵有二:一是少阳病经腑同病的病机特点即半表半里;二是少阳易与太阳、阳明、太阴合病或三阳合病即半表半里。

阳明病“胃家寒”当作“塞”解

“阳明之为病,胃家实(一作寒)是也”是阳明病的提纲证。基于训诂学,认为“寒”实为“塞”字讹误。在字形上,“寒”“塞”的隶楷字形极为相似,诸多出土文献皆有“寒”“塞”互讹的例子。在字义上,“塞”表达“充盈”“壅盛”“闭阻不通”,与阳明病的共性病机相符,故“胃家寒”实为“胃家塞”。此外,将“寒”作“塞”解,《伤寒论》第166条、176条等与“寒”相关的疑难条文皆可通。将“寒”作“塞”解,可为后续研究提供理论基础。

浅析表热里寒证

国家“十四五”规划教材《中医诊断学》对表热里寒证的论述较为简略,历代中医药学家对这一证型也争议颇多,导致医者对此类证候在理论和临床上有一些困惑和混淆,使得提取和界定证候要素存在一定的问题。文章从“表里”含义的不同角度“、寒热”概念中的不同界定等方面,结合古籍和历代医家对于表热里寒的理解,分析“表”和“里”的定义,浅析表热里寒证产生歧义的原因,以期加深在理论和临床上对本证型的理解。

加味三仁汤治疗湿热内蕴型痛风性肾病临床观察

目的:观察加味三仁汤治疗湿热内蕴型痛风性肾病的临床疗效。方法:选取62例湿热内蕴型痛风性肾病患者,随机分为两组各31例。对照组予非布司他片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上予加味三仁汤治疗。2周为1个疗程,治疗4个疗程。比较两组患者治疗前后肾功能指标[24小时尿蛋白总量(24 h-UTP)、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、血尿酸(UA)、肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、β_(2)微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)、胱抑素C(Cys-C)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)、视黄醇结合蛋白(RBP)、尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)]水平、炎症指标[白介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、C反应蛋白(CRP)]水平及中医证候积分变化情况,评估加味三仁汤的临床疗效和安全性。结果:治疗组总有效率为87.10%,对照组为70.97%,治疗组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P﹤0.05);治疗后,两组患者24 h-UTP、eGFR、UA、Scr、BUN、β_(2)-MG、Cys-C、Hcy、RBP、NAG、IL-6、TNF-α、CRP水平及中医证候积分均优于治疗前(P﹤0.05),且治疗组改善程度优于对照组(P﹤0.05)。结论:加味三仁汤可以改善患者肾功能、减轻炎症反应、缓解临床症状,疗效优于单纯西医治疗。

小青龙汤治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期临床效果

目的:分析小青龙汤加减治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)外寒内饮证患者的有效性和安全性。方法:选取佛山市禅城区人民医院2020年5月至2022年6月期间收治的AECOPD患者92例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,各46例。对照组患者给予常规西医基础治疗,观察组患者在对照组基础上给予小青龙汤加减治疗,比较两组患者治疗前后中医证候评分(咳嗽、咯痰、喘息、胸闷、气短及喉中痰鸣)、外周血分化抗原(CD)4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、降钙素原(PCT)及一氧化氮(NO)水平,血、尿、粪便及肝肾功能检查指标,治疗过程中不良反应事件。结果:治疗后两组患者各项中医证候评分均较治疗前降低,且治疗后观察组患者各项中医证候评分均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者血清PCT、TNF-α、NO水平均较治疗前降低,且治疗后观察组患者血清PCT、TNF-α、NO水平均低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者外周血CD4^(+)水平、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值均较治疗前升高,CD8^(+)较治疗前降低,治疗后观察组患者外周血CD4^(+)水平、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)比值高于对照组,CD8^(+)低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后两组患者肝肾功能指标、血、尿、便常规未见明显异常,治疗过程中两组患者均未发生任何不良事件。结论:常规西医基础治疗联合小青龙汤加减治疗可以更好地缓解AECOPD外寒内饮证患者中医证候,改善免疫功能、炎症和氧化应激指标,安全性高。

2518例肥胖2型糖尿病中医证型分类研究

目的:研究肥胖2型糖尿病(T2DM)的中医症状分布、证型特征。方法:采集门诊病例信息,按类别分析,确定主要证型。结果:2518例肥胖T2DM患者中肝胃郁热证1332例,占52.9%;胃肠实热证368例,占14.6%;气滞痰阻证171例,占6.8%;脾虚痰湿证219例,占8.7%;其他证型428例,占17%。2518例肥胖T2DM患者属中满内热者1871例,占74.3%,其中肝胃郁热证1332例,占71.2%;非中满内热者647例,占25.7%。结论:随着年龄的增长及病程的延长,实证所占比率逐渐下降,虚证或虚实夹杂证所占比率则呈逐渐上升趋势。

李士懋汗法的理论创新及临床应用

汗法是通过发汗解表、宣肺散邪的方法,使在表的六淫之邪随汗而解的一种治法。自古汗法多用于治疗外感表证、疹出不透而见恶寒发热、头痛身痒等表证。国医大师李士懋经过多年的临床经验总结,对汗法提出创新性的个人见解。在以平脉辨证为主的辨证理论指导下将发汗法应用到里证、虚实夹杂证、阳虚寒凝证。该治法不拘泥于表证,丰富了汗法的理论研究,扩展了汗法的应用范围,在临床上取得了满意疗效。

大肠湿热型和脾气虚弱型溃疡性结肠炎患者肺功能损伤的研究

目的：基于传统中医学＂肺与大肠相表里＂的理论,研究大肠湿热型和脾气虚弱型溃疡性结肠炎（UC）患者合并肺功能损伤的临床表现及其特征。方法：纳入91例UC患者,其中大肠湿热组46例,脾气虚弱组45例。调查性别、年龄、吸烟史、病程、用药史等人口学指标,肺部症状评分,疾病活动度指数,检查肠镜,胸部X摄片,检测肺功能指标包括肺活量（VC）、第1秒用力呼气容积（FEV1）、第1秒的用力呼气量占用力肺活量的百分率（FEV1/FVC）,50%用力肺活量时的呼气流速（FEF50）、75%用力肺活量时呼气流速（FEF75）,残气容积（RV）、肺总量（TLC）、残气容积与肺总量的比（RV/TLC）,一氧化碳弥散量（DLCO）,肺一氧化碳弥散量/肺泡通气量（DLCO/VA）。结果：91例患者中,有咳嗽、气短、胸闷、咳痰等症状中1项或1项以上者68例（74.7%）;其中大肠湿热组比脾气虚弱组更多出现咳嗽、气短、胸闷肺部症状病例。77例出现通气、换气肺功能指标1项或多项异常（84.6%）。大肠湿热组大气道功能指标FEV1和FEV1/VC值低于脾气虚弱组（分别P〈0.05,P〈0.01）;大肠湿热组小气道功能指标FEF50和FEF75明显低于脾气虚弱组（均P〈0.01）;脾气虚弱组残气功能指标RV、TLC和RV/TLC显著高于大肠湿热组（分别P〈0.01、P〈0.01和P〈0.05）。结论：UC具有较高的并发肺部症状、胸部影像学异常和肺功能指标异常发生率,大多数病例存在通气、换气肺功能指标异常。大肠湿热组比脾气虚弱组更多出现肺部症状。大肠湿热组倾向于出现大气道和小气道功能损伤,而脾气虚弱组易于表现为残气功能损伤。

肺肠表里相关疾病证候特征分析

目的:探讨以"肺与大肠相表里"理论为指导,肺肠表里相关疾病的证候特征。方法:检索近30年公开发表的"肺与大肠相表里"肺系肠系疾病临床文献,利用描述性统计方法,分析其症状、证候及证候要素分布规律。结果:肺系疾病和肠系疾病,在症状上,往往是肺系与肠系症状并见。肺系疾病最常见的证型是痰热壅肺,肠系疾病最常见的证型是肺气亏虚,病位因素涉及最多的脏腑都是肺和肠。在病性因素中,肺系疾病最常见的病理因素是痰和热,肠系疾病最常见的因素是气虚。结论:肺肠表里相关疾病,证候特征在一定程度上有共同之处。肺与大肠的关系实质就是表和里、脏和腑的关系,肺病治肠、肠病治肺、肺肠同治,是其在治疗上相互为用的具体体现。

浅析“表里和解法”之用

"表里双解法"是周平安教授针对流感"表寒里热证"提出的,后来又与"和"的思想相融合,提出了"表里和解法",此时"表里和解法"已不再仅仅针对"表寒里热证",而是有了更加广泛的应用范围。"表里和解法"的内涵为:使用表里同治的方法(调理上下内外气机、解表以除里邪、泻里以散表实、补里以助表虚、补里以除表实),遵循"和"的原则(不和则为病、治病以求和),以"和"为目的(表里之邪解、正复而人安和)来治疗特定证候(表实证、里实证、表里俱实证、表实里虚证、表虚证、里虚证、表里俱虚证)的方法。此法既是治则,也是治法。