Exploring the role of interleukin-6 receptor blockade in epilepsy and associated neuropsychiatric conditions through a mendelian randomization study

BACKGROUND The interplay between inflammation,immune dysregulation,and the onset of neurological disorders,including epilepsy,has become increasingly recognized.Interleukin(IL)-6,a pro-inflammatory cytokine,is suspected to not only mediate traditional inflammatory pathways but also contribute to neuroinflammatory responses that could underpin neuropsychiatric symptoms and broader psychiatric disorders in epilepsy patients.The role of IL-6 receptor(IL6R)blockade presents an intriguing target for therapeutic intervention due to its potential to attenuate these processes.neuropsychiatric conditions due to neuroinflammation.METHODS Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis employing single nucleotide poly-morphisms(SNPs)in the vicinity of the IL6R gene(total individuals=408225)was used to evaluate the putative causal relationship between IL6R blockade and epilepsy(total cases/controls=12891/312803),focal epilepsy(cases/controls=7526/399290),and generalized epilepsy(cases/controls=1413/399287).SNP weights were determined by their effect on C-reactive protein(CRP)levels and integrated using inverse variance-weighted meta-analysis as surrogates for IL6R effects.To address potential outlier and pleiotropic influences,sensitivity analyses were conducted employing a variety of MR methods under different modeling assumptions.RESULTS The genetic simulation targeting IL6R blockade revealed a modest but significant reduction in overall epilepsy risk[inverse variance weighting:Odds ratio(OR):0.827;95%confidence interval(CI):0.685-1.000;P=0.05].Subtype analysis showed variability,with no significant effect observed in generalized,focal,or specific childhood and juvenile epilepsy forms.Beyond the primary inflammatory marker CRP,the findings also suggested potential non-inflammatory pathways mediated by IL-6 signaling contributing to the neurobiological landscape of epilepsy,hinting at possible links to neuroinflammation,psychiatric symptoms,and associated mental disorders.CONCLUSION The investigation underscored a tentative causal relationship between IL6R blockade and decreased epilepsy incidence,likely mediated via complex neuroinflammatory pathways.These results encouraged further in-depth studies involving larger cohorts and multifaceted psychiatric assessments to corroborate these findings and more thoroughly delineate the neuro-psychiatric implications of IL-6 signaling in epilepsy.The exploration of IL6R blockade could herald a novel therapeutic avenue not just for seizure management but also for addressing the broader psychiatric and cognitive disturbances often associated with epilepsy.

Tenascin C upregulates interleukin-6 expression in human cardiac myofibroblasts via toll-like receptor 4

AIM:To investigate the effect of Tenascin C(TNC)on the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrixmetalloproteinases in human cardiac myofibroblasts(CMF).METHODS:CMF were isolated and cultured from patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.Cultured cells were treated with either TNC(0.1μmol/L,24 h)or a recombinant protein corresponding to different domains of the TNC protein;fibrinogen-like globe(FBG)and fibronectin typeⅢ-like repeats(TNⅢ5-7)(both 1μmol/L,24 h).The expression of the proinflammatory cytokines;interleukin(IL)-6,IL-1β,TNFαand the matrix metalloproteinases;MMPs(MMP1,2,3,9,10,MT1-MMP)was assessed using real time RT-PCR and western blot analysis.RESULTS:TNC increased both IL-6 and MMP3(P<0.01)mR NA levels in cultured human CMF but had no significant effect on the other markers studied.The increase in IL-6 mR NA expression was mirrored by an increase in protein secretion as assessed by enzymelinked immunosorbant assay(P<0.01).Treating CMF with the recombinant protein FBG increased IL-6mR NA and protein(P<0.01)whereas the recombinant protein TNⅢ5-7 had no effect.Neither FBG nor TNⅢ5-7 had any significant effect on MMP3 expression.The expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)in human CMF was confirmed by real time RT-PCR,western blot and immunohistochemistry.Pre-incubation of cells with TLR4neutralising antisera attenuated the effect of both TNC and FBG on IL-6 mR NA and protein expression.CONCLUSION:TNC up-regulates IL-6 expression in human CMF,an effect mediated through the FBG domain of TNC and via the TLR4 receptor.

Replication of interleukin 23 receptor and autophagy-related 16-like 1 association in adult-and pediatric-onset inflammatory bowel disease in Italy

AIM: To investigate gene variants in a large Italian inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohort, and to analyze the correlation of sub-phenotypes (including age at diagnosis) and epistatic interaction with other IBD genes. METHODS: Total of 763 patients with Crohn's disease (CD, 189 diagnosed at age < 19 years), 843 with ulcerative colitis (UC, 179 diagnosed <19 years), 749 healthy controls, and 546 healthy parents (273 trios) were included in the study. The rs2241880 [autophagy-related 16-like 1 (ATG16L1)], rs11209026 and rs7517847 [interleukin 23 receptor (IL23R)], rs2066844, rs2066845, rs2066847 (CARD15), rs1050152 (OCTN1), and rs2631367 (OCTN2) gene variants were genotyped. RESULTS: The frequency of G allele of ATG16L1 SNP (Ala197Thr) was increased in patients with CD compared with controls (59% vs 54% respectively) (OR = 1.25, CI = 1.08-1.45, P = 0.003), but not in UC (55%). The frequency of A and G (minor) alleles of Arg381Gln, rs11209026 and rs7517847 variants of IL23R were reduced significantly in CD (4%, OR = 0.62, CI = 0.45-0.87, P = 0.005; 28%, OR = 0.64, CI = 0.55-0.75, P < 0.01), compared with controls (6% and 38%, respectively). The A allele (but not G) was also reduced signifi cantly in UC (4%, OR = 0.69, CI = 0.5-0.94, P = 0.019). No association was demonstrated with sub-phenotypes and interaction with CARD15 , and OCTN1/2 genes, although both gene variants were associated with pediatric-onset disease. CONCLUSION: The present study confirms the association of IL23R polymorphisms with IBD, and ATG16L1 with CD, in both adult- and pediatric-onset subsets in our study population.

Association of serum interleukin-6 with negative symptoms in stable early-onset schizophrenia

BACKGROUND Accumulating evidence suggests that the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6(IL-6)contributes to the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders.However,there was no study concerning the relationship between IL-6 concentrations and clinical features in the chronic phase of early-onset schizophrenia(EOS).AIM To investigate the relationship between serum IL-6 concentration and the clinical features of EOS.METHODS We measured serum IL-6 Levels from 74 patients with chronic schizophrenia,including 33 with age at onset<21 years(EOS group)and 41 with onset≥21 years in[adult-onset schizophrenia(AOS)group],and from 41 healthy controls.Symptom severities were evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale(PANSS).RESULTS Serum IL-6 concentrations were higher in both EOS and AOS groups than healthy controls(F=22.32,P<0.01),but did not differ significantly between EOS and AOS groups(P>0.05)after controlling for age,body mass index,and other covariates.Negative symptom scores were higher in the EOS group than the AOS group(F=6.199,P=0.015).Serum IL-6 concentrations in the EOS group were negatively correlated with both total PANSS-negative symptom score(r=-0.389,P=0.032)and avolition/asociality subscore(r=-0.387,P=0.026).CONCLUSION Patients with EOS may have more severe negative symptoms than those with adult-onset schizophrenia during the chronic phase of the illness.IL-6 signaling may regulate negative symptoms and its avolition/asociality subsymptoms among the early-onset chronic schizophrenic patients.

Interleukin 6 and Bone Erosions in Rheumatoid Arthritis in an African Hospital

Introduction: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, erosive and deforming inflammatory rheumatic disease. In the era of biotherapies and the arrival of biosimilars in sub-Saharan Africa, the objective of this study was to describe plasma IL-6 variations in RA patients at Cité Verte District Hospital (Cameroon). Material and Methods: Descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study from December 1, 2021 to May 31, 2022. We included patients over 18 years old suffering from RA (ACR/EULAR 2010). Patients with an infection were not included. The data collected were age, sex, smoking status, family history, disease duration, disease activity by DAS28, CRP, rheumatoid factor, and plasma level of IL-6. Bone erosion was sought on radiography and ultrasound. Result: We included 31 patients, 25 of whom were women (80.6%). The mean age was 47.27 ± 17.97 years. Disease activity was predominantly moderate (32.3%) and severe (32.3%). Mean IL-6 level was 15.29 ± 2.36 pg/ml (extremes: 11.26 pg/ml and 20.15 pg/ml). IL-6 levels were higher in patients with a history of smoking. Similarly, IL-6 levels were higher in patients with mildly active RA in remission than in moderately and severely active RA. Mean IL-6 levels were significantly higher in patients with erosive RA (16.3 pg/ml VS 14.6 pg/ml). Conclusion: IL-6 levels were significantly elevated in men, weaned smokers and patients with bone erosions.

Interleukin-6 receptor blockade suppresses subretinal fibrosis in a mouse model

AIM:To determine the involvement of the interleukin(IL)-6 with the development of experimental subretinal fibrosis in a mouse model.METHODS:Subretinal fibrosis was induced by subretinal injection of macrophage-rich peritoneal exudate cells and the local expression of IL-6 was assessed by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)at various time points.In addition,we investigated the effect of IL-6 receptor(IL-6R)monoclonal antibody(MR16-1)on subretinal fibrosis development.RESULTS:IL-6 mRNA level was significantly elevated at 1d after subretinal fibrosis induction and increased further to about 12-fold at 2d,reaching the peak.The result of ELISA showed that IL-6 protein was not detected in naive mice.At 2d after subretinal fibrosis induction,IL-6 protein level was upregulated to 67.33±14.96 pg/mg in subretinal fibrosis mice.MR16-1treatment resulted in a reduced subretinal fibrosis area by 48%compared to animals from control group at 7d.CONCLUSION:Our results indicated that IL-6 signaling may contribute to the pathogenesis of subretinal fibrogenesis and IL-6R inhibition may provide an effective,novel treatment of advanced and late-stage neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Effect of flurbiprofen combined with prednisolone on interleukin-6 in elderly surgery patients

Objective: To determine the effect of flurbiprofen combined with prednisolone on interleukin-6 in elderly surgery patients. Methods: In this double-blind randomized controlled study, patients aged 65 to 80 who were undergoing spinal fusion surgery for disc herniation were administered flurbiprofen 100 mg (P group, flurbiprofen group), prednisolone 0.6 mg/kg (D group, prednisolone group), prednisolone 0.6 mg/kg plus flurbiprofen 100 mg (P + D group, flurbiprofen + prednisolone group) or normal saline (S group, saline group) 15 minutes before the induction of anesthesia. Plasma samples were collected before surgery (T0) and on day 1 (T1), day 2 (T2) and day 3 (T3) following surgery. At the same time, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was assessed by SIRS criteria. The levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and C-reactive protein (CRP) for collected samples were measured. Results: Other groups had significantly lower levels of IL-6, CRP and occurrence of SIRS than S group (p < 0.05). Compared to groups P and D, the levels of IL-6 and CRP in P + D group were significantly lower on T1 (p < 0.05). Peak levels of IL-6 in all groups were presented on T1 (p 0.05). The levels of CRP within three days were significantly different but did not show peak levels (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Compared to prednisolone or flurbiprofen, combining flurbiprofen with prednisolone in elderly surgery patients led to an increased suppression of IL-6.

Chemokine receptor 8 expression may be linked to disease severity and elevated interleukin 6 secretion in acute pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Acute pancreatitis(AP)is an inflammatory disease,which presents with epigastric pain and is clinically diagnosed by amylase and lipase three times the upper limit of normal.The 2012 Atlanta classification stratifies the severity of AP as one of three risk categories namely,mild AP(MAP),moderately severe AP(MSAP),and severe AP(SAP).Challenges in stratifying AP upon diagnosis suggest that a better understanding of the underlying complex pathophysiology may be beneficial.AIM To identify the role of the chemokine receptor 8(CCR8),expressed by T-helper type-2 Lymphocytes and peritoneal macrophages,and its possible association to Interleukin(IL)-6 and AP stratification.METHODS This study was a prospective case-control study.A total of 40 patients were recruited from the Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital and the Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital.Bioassays were performed on 29 patients(14 MAP,11 MSAP,and 4 SAP)and 6 healthy controls as part of a preliminary study.A total of 12 mL of blood samples were collected at Day(D)1,3,5,and 7 post epigastric pain.Using multiplex immunoassay panels,real-time polymerase chain reaction(qRT-PCR)arrays,and multicolour flow cytometry analysis,immune response-related proteins,genes,and cells were profiled respectively.GraphPad Prism^(TM) software and fold change(FC)analysis was used to determine differences between the groups.P<0.05 was considered significant.RESULTS The concentration of IL-6 was significantly different at D3 post epigastric pain in both the MAP group and MSAP group with P=0.001 and P=0.013 respectively,in a multiplex assay.When a FC of 2 was applied to identify differentially expressed genes using RT2 Profiler,CCR8 was shown to increase steadily with disease severity from MAP(1.33),MSAP(38.28)to SAP(1172.45)median FC.Further verification studies using RT-PCR showed fold change increases of CCR8 in MSAP and SAP ranging from 1000 to 1000000 times when represented as Log10,compared to healthy control respectively at D3.The findings also showed differing lymphocyte and monocyte cell frequency between the groups.With monocyte population frequency as high as 70%in MSAP at D3.CONCLUSION The higher levels of CCR8 and IL-6 in the severe patients and immune cell differences compared to MAP and controls provide an avenue for exploring AP stratification to improve management.

血清淀粉样蛋白A、白介素6、肿瘤坏死因子α及微小RNA在脓毒症并发急性肾损伤患儿中的表达及预后评估价值研究

背景 急性肾损伤(AKI)是脓毒症常见并发症,机体免疫-炎症指标是预测脓毒症并发AKI患儿预后的常用指标,目前从微小RNA(miR)方面评估的研究较少,有待临床探究。目的 探究血清淀粉样蛋白A(SAA)、白介素6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)及miR在脓毒症并发AKI患儿中的表达,并分析其对预后的评估价值。方法 选取2020年3月—2023年3月平顶山市第一人民医院收治的100例脓毒症并发AKI患儿为观察组,另选取同期80例单纯脓毒症患儿为对照组。收集患者一般资料,酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α水平,采用实时荧光定量PCR法检测miR-21-3p、miR-182-5p、miR-128-3p相对表达量。比较两组序贯性器官功能衰竭(SOFA)评分、急性生理与慢性健康(APACHEⅡ)评分。采用Pearson相关性检验分析血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α及miR水平与SOFA、APACHEⅡ评分的相关性。绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线探究血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α及miR水平对脓毒症并发AKI患儿死亡的预测价值并计算ROC曲线下面积(AUC)。结果 观察组SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α、miR-21-3p、miR-182-5p、miR-128-3p水平均高于对照组(P<0.05)。住院28 d后观察组74例患儿生存,26例患儿死亡。生存患儿血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α、miR-21-3p、miR-182-5p、miR-128-3p均低于死亡患儿(P<0.05)。血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α、miR-21-3p、miR-182-5p、miR-128-3p与SOFA、APACHEⅡ评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。ROC曲线结果显示联合预测的AUC为0.926(95%CI=0.856~0.969,P<0.05)。结论 脓毒症并发AKI患儿血清SAA、IL-6、TNF-α、miR-21-3p、miR-182-5p、miR-128-3p异常高表达,临床检测各项指标水平对患儿预后评估有较高价值及预警作用。

Affinity Chromatography Purification of Recombinant Human Interleukin-6 from Its Fusion Protein with GST

Recombinant E.coli JM109, containing pHZ1818 plasmid which included the fused gene encoding human interleukin 6(IL 6), expressed a fusion protein with glutathion S transferase(GST). The fusion protein existed both in the supernatant and inside the bacterial cell,but the insoluble protein had no biological activity and could not be refolded. The rotative speed of the shaker and the temperature of induction were optimized to maximize the expression of the soluble fusion protein. From the supernatant of the cell sonicates Glutathion Sephrose 4B affinity column chromatography was employed to isolate the fusion protein which could be purified to >80 0 0 in a single step. The yield of soluble GST IL 6 was about 10 mg per liter culture. The GST was site specifically cloven by 6 hours of treatment with thrombin and from the thrombin digest mixture IL 6 was purified by Q high performance ion exchange chromatography. From 1 liter of E.coli culture 2 mg refined IL 6 was obtained. The purified IL 6 had a purity of more than 95 0 0 and a biological activity of 1.02×10 8 IU/mg.

白细胞介素6与核因子κB对胰腺癌的诊断价值及其与临床病理分期的关系研究

目的探究白细胞介素6(IL-6)、核因子κB(NF-κB)对胰腺癌的诊断价值及其与胰腺癌临床病理分期的关系。方法收集2019年6月至2022年6月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院收治的68例胰腺癌患者作为病例组,60例同期于本院门诊健康体检者作为对照组。检测2组受试者血清中IL-6、NF-κB的表达水平,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析IL-6、NF-κB表达对胰腺癌诊断的价值;比较不同临床病理分期患者血清IL-6、NF-κB水平的表达差异。结果病例组患者血清IL-6和NF-κB水平明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义[IL-6:16.33(8.41,67.41)ng/L比6.15(5.55,7.33)ng/L,Z=6.109,P<0.001;NF-κB:449.52(230.37,568.28)ng/L比150.35(126.48,167.30)ng/L,Z=5.463,P<0.001]。IL-6、NF-κB诊断胰腺癌ROC曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.813±0.041、0.920±0.024,联合检测的AUC为0.923±0.024。T_(3)、T_(4)期胰腺癌患者血清IL-6、NF-κB水平与T_(1)、T_(2)期患者比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。血清IL-6、NF-κB水平随着淋巴结转移程度(N_(0)~N_(2))的增高而增高,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05),且N_(1)、N_(2)期胰腺癌患者血清IL-6、NF-κB水平与N_(0)期患者相比,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。远处转移胰腺癌患者(M_(1))的血清IL-6、NF-κB水平高于未远处转移的患者(M_(0)),差异有统计学意义(P=0.024)。结论血清IL-6、NF-κB可以作为胰腺癌早期诊断、临床病理分期的血清学标志物,其可能与胰腺癌的发生、发展密切相关。

慢加急性乙型肝炎肝衰竭患者细菌感染病原菌分布及血清PCT、IFN-γ和IL-6水平变化分析

目的调查慢加急性乙型肝炎肝衰竭(HBV-ACLF)患者细菌感染病原菌分布特征,分析血清降钙素原(PCT)、干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平预测细菌感染的效能。方法2019年12月~2023年1月我院收治的HBV-ACLF患者86例,常规分离和鉴定菌种,采用电化学发光免疫法检测血清PCT水平,采用ELISA法检测血清IFN-γ和IL-6水平,应用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清指标联合预测HBV-ACLF患者发生细菌感染的效能。结果本组发生细菌感染者37例,未发生明确感染者49例;在37例HBV-ACLF并发细菌感染患者中,共检出68株感染病原菌,其中革兰氏阴性菌41株(60.3%),革兰氏阳性菌27株(39.7%);感染组血清PCT、IFN-γ和IL-6水平分别为(10.9±3.1)μg/L、(46.5±1.9)pg/mL和(16.9±1.6)pg/mL,均显著高于未感染组【分别为(0.9±0.1)μg/L、(20.1±2.4)pg/mL和(4.8±0.9)pg/mL,P<0.05】,28 d和90 d病死率分别为67.6%和75.7%,均显著高于未感染组(分别为8.2%和12.2%,P<0.05);经ROC分析显示,分别以PCT>3.3μg/L、IFN-γ>45.5 pg/mL和IL-6>15.4pg/mL为截断点,其联合预测HBV-ACLF患者并发细菌感染的曲线下面积(AUC)为0.874,诊断的灵敏度为93.6%,特异度为84.1%。结论HBV-ACLF患者细菌感染的病原菌分布具有一定的特征性,以革兰氏阴性菌感染为主,除检测血清PCT水平外,监测血清IFN-γ和IL-6水平可能有助于早期发现细菌感染而给予预防性处理,或能提供生存率。

白介素-6及其受体与多种健康结局:孟德尔随机化的证据图

目的通过证据图描述和总结白介素-6(IL-6)/白介素-6受体(IL-6R)与多种健康结局孟德尔随机化研究中的证据,明确其分布,以期为该领域研究提供参考。方法系统检索PubMed、EMBASE、Web of Science、Scopus、中国知识基础设施工程、中国生物医学文献服务系统、万方数据库、维普数据库中IL-6/IL-6R与多种疾病的孟德尔随机化研究,采用图表结合形式综合分析和展示纳入研究的基本信息、研究方法和研究结局。结果最终纳入38篇孟德尔随机化研究,2020年以后相关研究数增加趋势明显,纳入研究探讨IL-6、IL-6R、sIL-6R、gp130、IL-6RA 5种不同的表型和65种不同疾病间的因果关系。其中,遗传预测的IL-6水平与终末期肾病、精神分裂症、冠状动脉疾病和心房颤动存在因果关系,IL-6R与黑色素瘤、髓系白血病、膀胱癌、喉癌、眼癌和胆囊癌的发生率存在因果关系,sIL-6R水平与肺动脉高压、哮喘、抑郁、多发性硬化症、腹主动脉瘤等疾病患病率存在因果关系。结论孟德尔随机化研究提供了关于IL-6/IL-6R在多种健康结局中的因果作用的重要证据,涵盖精神心理、炎症、癌症和心血管疾病等,反映了IL-6/IL-6R在多种疾病中的广泛影响和IL-6领域研究的重要性。

甘草苷通过TLR4/IL-6信号通路改善癫痫幼鼠认知功能及海马神经元损伤

目的探讨甘草苷改善癫痫幼鼠认知功能、海马神经元损伤及对Toll样受体4(TLR4)/白细胞介素-6(IL-6)信号通路的调节作用。方法将60只幼鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、甘草苷组、激动剂组和激动剂+甘草苷组,每组12只。除正常组外,其余组幼鼠腹腔注射氯化锂-匹罗卡品建立癫痫模型。采用水迷宫实验检测幼鼠认知功能,酶联免疫吸附法检测血清IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和高迁移率族蛋白B1(HMGB1)水平,苏木精-伊红染色法观察海马神经元组织病理形态,末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶介导的dUTP标记测定法检测海马神经元凋亡率,蛋白印迹法检测海马B淋巴细胞瘤-2基因(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、TLR4、IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α和HMGB1蛋白表达水平。结果模型组和激动剂组幼鼠海马神经元形态不规则,排列紊乱,细胞核固缩、碎裂,细胞数减少,甘草苷组和激动剂+甘草苷组幼鼠海马神经元损伤程度明显改善。与模型组比较,甘草苷组幼鼠逃避潜伏期缩短,穿越平台次数增加,血清IL-1β、TNF-α和HMGB1表达水平,海马神经元凋亡率以及Bax、TLR4、IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α和HMGB1蛋白表达水平均降低,Bcl-2蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05);与激动剂组比较,激动剂+甘草苷组幼鼠逃避潜伏期缩短,穿越平台次数增加,血清IL-1β、TNF-α和HMGB1表达水平,海马神经元凋亡率以及Bax、TLR4、IL-6、IL-1β、TNF-α和HMGB1蛋白表达水平均降低,Bcl-2蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。结论甘草苷可减轻癫痫幼鼠炎症反应,降低神经元损伤程度,改善认知功能和空间记忆能力。甘草苷可能是通过抑制TLR4/IL-6信号通路发挥作用。

CD64指数联合IL-1β、TLR4在诊断结直肠癌患者术后感染中的临床价值

目的探讨CD64指数联合血清白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)、Toll样受体4(TLR4)在诊断结直肠癌患者术后切口感染中的临床应用价值。方法以2020年6月至2022年6月收治入院的113例行结直肠癌根治术患者作为研究对象,根据其术后是否发生切口感染,分为感染组与非感染组。分别于术前、术后3 d及术后5 d检测外周血CD64指数及血清IL-1β、TLR4水平,绘制ROC曲线并分析各指标单独及联合应用时诊断结直肠癌术后切口感染的临床应用价值,以及三者与患者切口感染严重程度之间的关系。结果术后3 d及术后5 d,感染组患者CD64指数以及血清IL-1β、TLR4水平均高于非感染组;术后3 d,感染组患者CD64指数、血清IL-1β及TLR4水平均较术前明显上升;术后5 d,感染组各指标均较术后3 d有所下降,但依旧高于术前水平,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。非感染组患者术前、术后3 d以及术后5 d CD64指数、IL-1β、TLR4水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。以术后3 d作为预测结直肠癌术后感染的时间点绘制各指标的ROC曲线,结果发现CD64指数、血清IL-1β、TLR4单独及三者联合应用预测结直肠癌术后感染的AUC^(ROC)分别为0.937、0.901、0.790及0.997(95%CI:0.992~1.000),各指标单独应用能较好地预测结直肠癌术后感染,三者联合应用的预测效能最高。结论外周血CD64指数、血清IL-1β、TLR4在预测结直肠癌术后切口感染中具有良好效能,三者联合应用的预测效能最高,可作为临床筛查术后感染的早期预测指标。

C反应蛋白、降钙素原和白细胞介素6在早期急性胰腺炎合并感染中的诊断价值分析

目的探讨C反应蛋白(CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、白细胞介素6(IL-6)在早期急性胰腺炎(AP)合并感染中的诊断价值。方法选择2022年1月至2024年1月滕州市中心人民医院消化内科收治的112例AP患者,依据患者入院时的严重程度将其划分为3组分别为轻症组、中重症组、重症组。记录入院首日、3 d、7 d,IL-6、CRP、PCT水平;同时以Spearman相关性分析病情严重程度与IL-6、CRP、PCT相关性。结果入院首日,3组患者IL-6、CRP、PCT水平均高于各指标正常参考范围。IL-6水平入院首日、入院3 d、入院7 d,重症组>中重症组>轻症组(P<0.05),且入院7 d>入院3 d>入院首日(P<0.05)。CRP水平,重症组、中重症组入院首日无差异(P>0.05),重症组、中重症组>轻症组(P<0.05);入院3 d、入院7 d,重症组>中重症组>轻症组(P<0.05),且入院7 d>入院3 d>入院首日(P<0.05)。入院不同时间三组PCT水平,均重症组>中重症组>轻症组(P<0.05);轻症组、中重症组入院不同时间段PCT水平,均入院3 d>入院7 d>入院首日(P<0.05);重症组入院3 d、入院7 d比较无差异(P>0.05),入院3 d、入院7 d>入院首日(P<0.05)。IL-6、CRP、PCT、IL-6+CRP+PCT对AP的AUC分别为0.82、0.85、0.90、0.94。IL-6、CRP、PCT预测AP的截断值分别为50.77 ng/L、124.56 mg/L、3.25μg/L。经ROC曲线分析显示,PCT为最佳AP预测因子,IL-6、CRP、PCT联合诊断准确性更高。结论PCT、CRP、IL-6单一或联合用于AP合并感染的诊断评估均具有一定价值,且三者联合应用诊断价值更高,可早期评价患者病情严重程度,指导疾病治疗,建议将其作为AP早期病情评估、预后预测参考指标。

血清转化生长因子β1、白细胞介素-6、Toll样受体-4、核转录因子κB联合评估非小细胞肺癌放射性肺炎病情严重程度的价值

目的探讨血清转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、Toll样受体-4(TLR-4)和核转录因子κB(NF-κB)联合评估非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)放射性肺炎(RP)病情严重程度的价值。方法选取104例NSCLC放疗后继发RP患者作为研究组,另选取52例NSCLC放疗后未继发RP患者作为对照组。比较2组患者放疗前后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平。比较研究组不同程度RP患者放疗前后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平,分析各血清指标单独及联合评估NSCLC放疗后RP病情程度的价值。结果放疗结束后,研究组患者血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);放疗结束后,随着RP病情程度的增加,研究组患者血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平呈升高趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析结果显示,放疗结束后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平评估1级RP的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.787、0.718、0.783、0.801,评估≥2级RP的AUC分别为0.729、0.740、0.793、0.825;血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB阳性表达患者发生≥2级RP的风险分别是阴性表达患者的2.473、2.275、2.610、5.267倍(P<0.05);血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB联合评估≥2级RP的AUC为0.939,敏感度为76.00%,特异度为97.47%。结论NSCLC患者放疗结束后血清TGF-β1、IL-6、TLR-4、NF-κB水平均与RP病情严重程度呈正相关,四者联合评估≥2级RP的价值显著,可为临床控制RP病情提供参考依据。

第三腰椎骨骼肌指数联合白细胞介素6、激活素A对胰腺癌恶病质的早期预测价值

目的研究第三腰椎骨骼肌指数(L3-SMI)联合白细胞介素6(IL-6)、激活素A(Activin A)检测对胰腺癌恶病质的早期预测价值。方法将2020年7月—2023年7月经河北医科大学第四医院确诊的74例胰腺癌患者纳入研究。根据患者入院后是否发生恶病质,分为恶病质组(n=58)、非恶病质组(n=16)。观测患者入院后48 h内的L3-SMI、IL-6、Activin A水平。正态分布的计量资料两组间比较采用成组t检验;计数资料组间比较采用χ2检验。采用多因素Logistic回归分析筛选胰腺癌恶病质的影响因素,并通过受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析L3-SMI以及血清IL-6、Activin A单独或联合检测对胰腺癌恶病质的预测价值。ROC曲线下面积(AUC)比较采用Z检验。结果恶病质组L3-SMI水平明显低于非恶病质组,血清IL-6、Activin A水平明显高于非恶病质组(t值分别为8.649、3.049、8.100,P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,L3-SMI(OR=0.266,95%CI:0.103~0.683)以及血清IL-6(OR=4.158,95%CI:1.368~12.333)、Activin A(OR=5.124,95%CI:1.550~16.939)是胰腺癌恶病质发生的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。L3-SMI、IL-6、Activin A预测胰腺癌恶病质的AUC分别为0.851、0.752、0.791,均明显低于三者联合检测的0.946(Z值分别为−2.841、−2.552、−2.647,P值均<0.001),其敏感度、特异度、约登指数最高,分别为90.9%、87.8%、0.788。结论L3-SMI联合血清IL-6、Activin A检测对胰腺癌恶病质具有较好的早期预测价值。

脊柱结核术后TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17的变化及与预后的相关性研究

目的分析脊柱结核术后Toll样受体(TLR)-4、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、白细胞介素(IL)-6、IL-17的变化及与预后的相关性。方法选择2021年1月—2022年12月收治的60例接受手术治疗的脊柱结核患者作为观察组,另选60例非脊柱结核且行脊柱手术的患者作为对照组(部分病例由基金项目中合作医院提供)。检测两组患者血清及病灶组织TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平。根据观察组患者术后6个月的预后情况,分为预后良好组和预后不良组,比较两组术前及术后6个月的血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平,使用Pearson相关性分析评价脊柱结核患者术前血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平与术后6个月改良巴氏指数(MBI)量表评分的关系,受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析术后血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6联合IL-17对脊柱结核术后预后不良的预测效能。结果观察组术前血清及病灶组织的TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);预后不良组术前血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平均高于预后良好组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后6个月,预后良好组血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平较术前明显降低,与预后不良组比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Pearson相关性分析,脊柱结核患者术前血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17表达水平与术后6个月MBI量表评分呈负相关(P<0.05);经ROC曲线分析,术前血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6联合IL-17预测脊柱结核术后预后不良的ROC曲线下面积为0.921。结论脊柱结核术后血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-17较术前明显降低,与预后密切相关,术前血清TLR-4、TNF-α、IL-6联合IL-17预测预后不良的效能较好,值得临床予以重视。

微小RNA-155和白细胞介素-6在子痫前期极早产新生儿中表达水平的差异及临床意义

目的观察微小RNA-155(miR-155)mRNA和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)在子痫前期极早产新生儿中表达水平的差异及临床意义。方法选择2021年1月至12月聊城市人民医院产科收治的28例子痫前期孕母分娩极早产新生儿〔胎龄<32周和(或)体质量<1500 g〕作为观察组,以同期本院住院治疗其他原因导致的极早产儿26例作为对照组。收集患儿相关电子病历临床资料,包括极早产儿和孕母一般情况(性别、胎龄、出生体质量、有无子痫前期等)、有创通气比例、支气管肺发育不良(BPD)比例、急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)和早发脓毒症发生率、白细胞计数(WBC)、中性粒细胞计数(NEUT),以及出生后脐动脉血清中miR-155 mRNA表达、IL-6水平,并比较两组上述指标的差异。采用Pearson相关性分析法分析miR-155、IL-6水平的相关性。结果观察组出生体质量明显低于对照组(kg:1.21±0.22比1.32±0.33,P<0.05),有创通气、BPD、ARDS比例和脓毒症发生率均明显高于对照组〔有创通气比例:75.0%(21/28)比57.7%(15/26),BPD比例:35.7%(10/28)比11.5%(3/26),ARDS发生率:100.0%(28/28)比84.6%(22/26),脓毒症发生率:71.4%(20/28)比53.8%(14/26),均P<0.05〕,miR-155 mRNA表达和IL-6水平均明显高于对照组〔miR-155 mRNA(2-ΔΔCt):0.93±0.18比0.17±0.03,IL-6(ng/L):73.84(33.44,429.00)比19.05(9.30,47.20),均P<0.05〕。Pearson相关性分析显示:miR-155和IL-6水平呈明显正相关(r=0.782,P<0.01)。两组随出生时间延长,WBC和NEUT均逐渐降低,观察组出生后各时间点WBC和NEUT比较差异均有统计学意义,出生后48 h和72 h均明显低于出生后24 h(均P<0.05)。观察组出生后24、48和72 h WBC均明显低于对照组(×109/L:出生后24 h为7.85±2.44比12.28±6.81,出生后48 h为7.31±3.53比10.98±7.91,出生后72 h为4.97±2.05比7.82±4.65,均P<0.05),NEUT仅出生后24 h和48 h两个时间点观察组明显低于对照组(×109/L:出生后24 h为4.13±1.93比7.45±5.67,出生后48 h为3.96±2.64比6.89±6.24,均P<0.05)。结论子痫前期极早产新生儿出生时机体内miR-155 mRNA表达、IL-6水平明显上调,机体炎症反应紊乱,对早期评估病情有一定价值。