Comparing the mechanism of four classic Gualou-Xiebai prescriptions for cardiovascular diseases with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome based on molecular network modeling

Background:Four classical Traditional Chinese Medicine prescriptions,namely Gualou Xiebai Baijiu decoction,Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction(GLXBBX),Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi decoction(ZSXBGZ)and Danlou prescription(DL),have been frequently used for treatment of phlegm and blood stasis syndrome(PBSS)-related cardiovascular diseases.However,its therapeutic mechanism has not been clearly elucidated.This study aimed to explore PBSS and its molecular mechanism,clarify and compare the mechanisms of four prescriptions in treating PBSS-related diseases.Method:In this study,we collected four prescriptions’compounds,predicted therapeutic targets,and enriched pathways which were based on network pharmacology.Then,we analysed the commen and different mechanisms by combing the network of components,targets and pathways.Finally,molecular docking was engaged to assess the binding potential of key compounds and hub targets.Results:We showed that four prescriptions’intersection genes(VEGFA,SRC,EGFR,etc.)were commonly enriched in PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,HIF-1 signaling pathway,etc.In addition,platelet activation and cAMP signaling pathway were singly enriched from the GLXBBX through unique compounds 12,13-epoxy-9-hydroxynonadeca-7,10-dienoic acid and Cyclo(L-tyrosyl-L-phenylalanyl).These bioactive compounds may exert GLXBBX’s unique pharmacological pathways via involving in mediating PPARA,PTGER3,etc.Sphingolipid signaling pathway was singly enriched from the ZSXBGZ through unique compounds tetramethoxyluteolin,ergosterol peroxide,etc.These bioactive compounds could mediate ADORA1,ADORA3 and TNFRSF1A to regulate ZSXBGZ’s unique pharmacological pathways.AMPK signaling pathway was singly enriched from the DL through unique compounds kaempferol,evofolinb,ethyl acid and aureusidin.These bioactive compounds were involved in mediating the main targets of AMPK signaling pathway,such as TNF,TNFRSF1A,etc.Conclusions:Our research demonstrated that GLXB-prescriptions involved in almost all pathological stages of PBSS-related cardiovascular diseases by modulating high-frequency shared pathways and targets mainly through key compounds(quercetin,mandenol,sitosteryl acetate and luteolin,etc.),for example,participate in the process of atherosclerosis,lipid metabolism,inflammation,immune response,thrombosis,inhibit inflammatory factors and platelet aggregation,regulate immune function,vascular function,oxidative stress.In addition to common pharmacological efficacies,there could also be specificities among GLXB prescriptions due to different compounds.For example,GLXBBX tends to regulate the function of vascular and endothelial barrier,prevent thrombosis.ZSXBGZ tends to regulate lipid metabolism and protect the heart from lipid accumulation.DL tends to maintain energy homeostasis and improve inflammation.

Effect of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Danshen Decoction on clinical efficacy of unstable angina with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Danshen decoction on unstable angina(UA)with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.Method:Eighty patients with UA were randomly divided into treatment group(40 cases)and control group(40 cases)by random number table.The control group was given conventional western medicine treatment,and the experimental group was given Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction and Danshen decoction on the basis of the control group.Both groups were treated for 4 weeks.Before and after treatment,the angina attacks,dosage of nitroglycerin,traditional Chinese medicine syndrome score,quality of life score,blood lipid,coagulation index and clinical total efficacy were observed and recorded.Results:After 4 weeks of treatment,the attack times and duration of angina in the two groups were both decreased compared with those before treatment.And the treatment group was more significantly reduced than the control group,the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);the consumption of nitroglycerin of the treatment group was 90.0%,which was better than 67.5%of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);the total effective rate of the treatment group was 90%,which was better than 65%of the control group,the difference was statistically significant(p<0.05);the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome score of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group,the differences was significant(p<0.05).The improvement of low density lipoprotein(LDL-C),total cholesterol(TC)and prothrombin time(PT)in the experimental group was better than that in the control group(p<0.05).During the study,there were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups.Conclusion:Gualou Xiebai Banxia decoction combined with Danshen decoction can effectively relieve the attack of angina and the consumption of nitroglycerin,improve clinical symptoms,regulate blood lipid and blood flow state,and improve the quality of life of patients with UA,with good clinical efficacy and safety.

Efficacy of Danlou Tablet in the Treatment of Coronary Heart Disease with Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome and Its Effects on Serum Inflammatory Factors

[Objectives] To explore the efficacy of Danlou Tablet( DLT) in the treatment of coronary heart disease( CHD) with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome and its effects on serum inflammatory factors. [Methods]One hundred and ninety-seven patients with CHD and phlegm and blood stasis syndrome in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected and randomly divided into two groups: control group( n =98) treated with aspirin plus atorvastatin,and research group( n =99) treated with DLT and aspirin plus atorvastatin for one month. The clinical efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions were observed. Serum secretory phospholipase A2( s PLA2),lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2( LP-PLA2),oxidized low-density lipoprotein( ox-LDL),monocyte chemoattractant protein-1( MCP-1) and World Health Organization Quality of Life( WHOQOL-100) scores were compared before and after one month of treatment. [Results] The total effective rate was93. 94% in the research group,which was higher than that in the control group( 79. 59%,P < 0. 05);the levels of serum s PLA2,LP-PLA2,ox-LDL and MCP-1 in the research group were lower than those in the control group after one month of treatment( P < 0. 05). There was no statistical significance of the difference in the total incidence of adverse reactions between the research group and the control group( P > 0. 05).After one month of treatment,WHOQOL-100 scores were higher in two groups,which were higher in the research group than that in the control group( P < 0. 05). [Conclusions]DLT can significantly reduce the level of serum inflammatory factors,improve the quality of life in patients with CHD and phlegm and blood stasis syndrome.

Discussion on the Prevention and Treatment of COVID-19 Causing Lung Disease and Heart Damage Based on Lei Zhongyi's Theory of Intermingled Phlegm,Blood Stasis and Toxin

Novel coronavirus infection not only damages lung function,but also causes myocardial injury,elevated myocardial enzymes and heart failure,especially for patients with basic heart diseases who develop COVID-19,the first consideration should be the protection of cardiac function.Based on the theory of intermingled phlegm,blood stasis and toxin of heart disease put forward by Master Lei Zhongyi,the dialectical treatment thinking of COVID-19 patients from the concept of damage of phlegm,blood stasis and toxin to the heart were discussed.During the diagnosis,critical stage and recovery period of COVID-19,expectorant and blood-activating agents,heat and detoxification agents can be added to promote lung and asthma,free Bizheng and remove blood stasis,calm the heart and calm the mind,and promote the recovery of cardiopulmonary functions.

益气复脉方治疗气虚血瘀、痰瘀互阻型室性期前收缩的临床疗效

目的:观察益气复脉方治疗气虚血瘀、痰瘀互阻型室性期前收缩的临床疗效。方法:选取2021年8月—2022年8月在北京中医药大学东方医院住院治疗的室性期前收缩病人60例,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组。在常规治疗基础上,治疗组采用益气复脉方(颗粒剂)治疗,对照组采用颗粒安慰剂治疗。评估并比较两组治疗前后室性期前收缩数量变化,中医证候积分及中医单项症状心悸、气短、神疲乏力、胸闷、胸痛、痰浊、自汗、食少纳呆积分变化。结果:治疗后,治疗组室性期前收缩数量较治疗前减少,且治疗组少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组中医证候总积分较治疗前降低,且治疗组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.001)。治疗后,两组心悸、气短、神疲乏力、胸闷、胸痛、痰浊、自汗、食少纳呆的症状积分均较治疗前降低,且治疗组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(77.8%与24.0%,P<0.05)。结论:益气复脉方可减少气虚血瘀、痰瘀互阻型室性期前收缩病人室性期前收缩次数,改善中医证候。

益气活血祛痰方治疗支气管哮喘合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征气虚痰瘀证的研究

目的评价益气活血祛痰方联合西医治疗慢性持续期支气管哮喘合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征气虚痰瘀证患者的临床疗效。方法选择2016年1月—2021年6月于泰州市第四人民医院就诊的80例慢性持续期支气管哮喘合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征气虚痰瘀证患者,根据随机数字表分成对照组及观察组各40例,对照组给予常规治疗及持续气道正压通气,观察组在对照组治疗基础上给予益气活血祛痰方水煎液口服,2组均持续干预3个月。观察2组患者治疗前后中医证候积分(包括气喘、咳嗽、咳痰、打鼾、憋醒、日间嗜睡、倦怠乏力)、哮喘控制测试问卷(ACT)评分、圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分、Epworth嗜睡量表(ESS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)评分、肺功能指标[呼气峰值流速(PEF)、第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比(FEV_(1)%预计值)、第一秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量比值(FEV_(1)/FVC)]、多导睡眠图参数[呼吸暂停低通气指数(AHI)、快速眼动睡眠期(REM)、氧减指数(ODI)、动脉血氧饱和度(SaO_(2))、最低SaO_(2)、觉醒指数]、炎症相关指标[血清C反应蛋白(CRP)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平和呼出气一氧化氮(FeNO)水平]变化,统计2组总体治疗效果及不良反应发生情况。结果2组治疗后中医证候积分、SGRQ评分、ESS评分、PSQI评分、AHI、ODI、觉醒指数及血清CRP、IL-6、TNF-α、VEGF水平和FeNO水平均较治疗前明显降低(P均<0.05),且观察组上述各项指标均明显低于对照组(P均<0.05);2组治疗后ACT评分、PEF、FEV_(1)%预计值、FEV_(1)/FVC、REM、SaO_(2)、最低SaO_(2)均较治疗前明显升高(P均<0.05),且观察组上述各项指标均明显高于对照组(P均<0.05)。观察组治疗3个月后的总有效率明显高于对照组[92.5%(37/40)比82.5%(33/40),P<0.05],治疗期间不良反应发生率明显低于对照组[10.0%(4/40)比27.5%(11/40),P<0.05]。结论益气活血祛痰方联合西医治疗支气管哮喘合并阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征气虚痰瘀证患者的效果优于单纯西医治疗,在减轻患者临床症状,控制哮喘发作,改善肺功能和睡眠质量方面具有明显优势,其作用机制可能与抑制炎症反应相关。

淋巴瘤证型及其“痰瘀”证素与趋化因子及凝血指标的相关性研究

目的分析淋巴瘤证型和主要病性证素“痰瘀”与常见趋化因子及其受体、凝血指标的相关性,初步探讨淋巴瘤“痰瘀”证素的现代科学本质。方法选择198例淋巴瘤患者,统计并分析不同证型患者趋化因子及受体(CXCL2、CXCR2、CXCL8、CXCL12、CXCR4)和凝血指标(PT、APTT、FIB、FDP、D-D)水平差异;并采用二元Logistic回归分析探讨“痰”、“瘀”与上述各指标的相关性。结果CXCL2、CXCR2、CXCR4、CXCL8、PT、APTT、FIB、FDP、D-D在不同证型中均有差异(P<0.05),在痰瘀互结证型的表达水平高于其他证型(P<0.05);CXCL12在不同证型之间的水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。痰、瘀是淋巴瘤最主要的病性证素,其中CXCR2、CXCR4、D-D、FIB对“痰”有影响,D-D与“瘀”有密切相关性。结论淋巴瘤证型、“痰瘀”证素与常见趋化因子及其受体、凝血指标具有明确相关性,趋化因子和凝血功能异常可能是淋巴瘤“痰瘀”证素相关的生物标志物。

身痛逐瘀汤加味联合盐酸普拉克索片治疗痰瘀痹阻型不宁腿综合征的临床观察

目的观察身痛逐瘀汤加味联合盐酸普拉克索片治疗痰瘀痹阻型不宁腿综合征(RLS)患者的临床疗效。方法将50名痰瘀痹阻型RLS患者按照随机数字表法分为2组,对照组25例予盐酸普拉克索片治疗,治疗组25例在对照组基础上联合身痛逐瘀汤加味治疗。2组均治疗1周为1个疗程,治疗2个疗程后统计疗效,比较2组治疗前后国际RLS严重程度评分量表(IRLS)评分、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)评分及中医症状评分变化情况。结果治疗组总有效率92.00%(23/25),对照组总有效率60.00%(15/25),治疗组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后IRLS评分、PSQI评分及中医症状评分均降低(P<0.05),且治疗组治疗后IRLS评分、PSQI评分及中医症状评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论身痛逐瘀汤加味联合盐酸普拉克索片治疗痰瘀痹阻型RLS疗效确切,可有效改善患者临床症状及中医症状,改善患者睡眠质量,操作简便,临床疗效显著,安全性良好。

温胆汤加减治疗气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期的疗效及对NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1的影响研究

目的:探讨温胆汤加减治疗气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期患者的疗效,以及对N末端脑钠肽前体(NT-proBNP)、细胞间黏附分子-1(ICAM-1)和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)水平的影响。方法:以2021年5月至2022年5月该院收治的气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期患者100例为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组50例。对照组患者给予常规治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上给予温胆汤加减治疗。比较两组患者的临床疗效,NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1水平,美国国立卫生院卒中神经功能缺损评分量表(NIHSS)评分、改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分及中医证候积分。结果:治疗1个月后,观察组患者的总有效率为94.00%(47/50),显著高于对照组的80.00%(40/50),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗1个月后,观察组患者NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1水平显著低于对照组,血液流变学各指标(血浆黏度、血低切黏度、血高切黏度、纤维蛋白原和红细胞压积)水平显著低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗7 d、1个月后,观察组患者的NIHSS评分低于对照组;治疗1个月后,观察组患者的mRS评分、中医证候积分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:温胆汤加减治疗气虚血瘀痰阻型缺血性脑卒中急性期患者的效果较好,可显著降低NT-proBNP、ICAM-1和MCP-1水平,促进血液流通和疾病的恢复,提高患者的生活质量。

Study on Correspondence between Prescription and Syndrome and the Essence of Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease Based on Metabonomics

Studying the essence of a syndrome has been a key challenge in the field of Chinese medicine.Until now,due to limitations of the methods available,the progress towards understanding such complicated systems has been slow.Metabonomics encompasses the dynamics,composition and analysis of metabolites,enabling the observation of changes in the metabolic network of the human body associated with disease.Being from the point of view of the whole organism,metabonomics provides an opportunity to study the essence of a syndrome to an unprecedented level.Phlegm and blood stasis syndrome is the main syndrome associated with coronary heart disease（CHD）,which bring difficulties in clinical treatment due to difficulties associated with differentiation of symptoms and signs.The fundamental differences of material between the two also need to be interpreted.The authors consider that we can use the method of combining a disease（in this case CHD）with associated syndromes（phlegm and blood stasis syndrome）to select patients with phlegm and blood stasis syndrome of CHD,and utilize metabonomics to explore the essence of the syndrome by difference analysis of metabolite spectra.Meanwhile,we can study the syndrome in CM,observe the change regularity of metabolism spectra after the treatment of corresponding and non-corresponding prescription and syndrome,in order to validate the material fundament in the progress of syndrome formation and their differences.This will not only have great significance in enhancing the ability to identify syndrome of phlegm and blood stasis in CHD and to establish the clinical curative criteria,but will also offer a new approach of studying the essence for a syndrome using metabonomics.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Chinese Medicine Diagnosis Scale of Phlegm and Blood Stasis Syndrome in Coronary Heart Disease: A Study Protocol

Background Phlegm and blood stasis syndrome(PBSS) is one of the main syndromes in coronary heart disease(CHD). Syndromes of Chinese medicine(CM) are lack of quantitative and easyimplementation diagnosis standards. To quantify and standardize the diagnosis of PBSS, scales are usually applied. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CM diagnosis scale of PBSS in CHD. Methods: Six hundred patients with stable angina pectoris of CHD, 300 in case group and 300 in control group, will be recruited from 5 hospitals across China. Diagnosis from 2 experts will be considered as the "gold standard". The study design consists of 2 phases: pilot test is used to evaluate the reliability and validity, and diagnostic test is used to assess the diagnostic accuracy of the scale, including sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratio and area under the receiver operator characteristic(ROC) curve. Discussion: This study will evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of CM diagnosis scale of PBSS in CHD. The consensus of 2 experts may not be ideal as a "gold standard", and itself still requires further study.(No. ChiCTR-OOC-15006599).

化痰通络颗粒治疗不同中医证型稳定型心绞痛的疗效观察

目的:探讨化痰通络颗粒治疗不同中医证型稳定型心绞痛(SAP)的疗效差异。方法:纳入219例瘀证SAP患者,并根据中医证型分为气虚血瘀组53例、痰瘀互结组63例、气滞血瘀组56例、痰浊闭阻组47例,另纳入50例瘀证SAP患者为对照组。所有患者均接受常规治疗,除对照组外,其余患者均在常规治疗基础上予化痰通络颗粒治疗,连续治疗4周。观察治疗前后中医证候疗效、心绞痛情况、心功能、脂代谢、凝血功能。结果:治疗后,气虚血瘀组、痰瘀互结组、气滞血瘀组、痰浊闭阻组患者疗效均优于对照组(P<0.05),且痰瘀互结组和痰浊闭阻组患者疗效均优于气虚血瘀组和气滞血瘀组(P<0.05)。治疗后,5组患者心绞痛症状积分均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且气虚血瘀组、痰瘀互结组、气滞血瘀组、痰浊闭阻组患者心绞痛症状积分均低于对照组(P<0.05),痰瘀互结组、痰浊闭阻组患者心绞痛症状积分均低于气虚血瘀组和气滞血瘀组(P<0.05)。治疗后,5组患者左室舒张末期内径(LVEDD)、左室收缩末期内径(LVESD)均低于治疗前,射血分数(EF)、每搏输出量(SV)均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且痰瘀互结组、痰浊闭阻组患者LVEDD、LVESD均低于对照组,EF、SV均高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗前痰浊闭阻组、痰瘀互结组患者总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三酯(TG)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL)水平均高于气虚血瘀组、气滞血瘀组、对照组;治疗后,5组患者TC、TG、LDL均低于治疗前,HDL均高于治疗前(P<0.05)。治疗后,5组患者纤维蛋白原(FIB)、凝血酶时间(TT)均低于治疗前,活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)均高于治疗前,且痰瘀互结组、痰浊闭阻组患者FIB、TT水平均低于气虚血瘀组、气滞血瘀组和对照组(P<0.05)。结论:化痰通络颗粒治疗不同中医证型的稳定型心绞痛均有一定效果,联合西医治疗应用优于单独西医治疗,且其更适用于痰瘀互结证和痰浊闭阻证两种证型。

Applied research on serum protein fingerprints for prediction of Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE:This study screened serum tumor biomarkers by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(SELDI-TOF-MS) to establish a subset which could be used for the prediction of Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer;and as diagnostic model of Chinese medicine.METHODS:Serum samples from 63 lung cancer patients with Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis,and 28 lung cancer patients with non-Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis were analyzed using SELDI-TOF-MS with a PBS II-C protein chip reader.Protein profiles were generated using immobilized metal affinity capture(IMAC3) protein chips.Differentially-expressed proteins were screened.Protein peak clustering and classification analyses were performed using Biomarker Wizard and Biomarker Pattern software packages,respectively.RESULTS:A total of 268 effective protein peaks were detected in the 1,000-10,000 Da molecular range for the 15 serum proteins screened(P<0.05).The decision tree model was M 2284.97,with a sensitivity of 96.2% and a specificity of 66.7%.CONCLUSION:SELDI-TOF-MS techniques,combined with a decision tree model,can help identify serum proteomic biomarkers related to Qi deficiency syndrome and phlegm and blood stasis in lung cancer patients;and the predictive model can be used to discriminate between Chinese medicine diagnostic models of disease.

稳定型心绞痛证候特点及其痰瘀互结型的影响因素

目的:探讨稳定型心绞痛证候特点及其痰瘀互结型与理化指标的相关性分析。方法:选取2018年1月—2020年12月就诊于北京中医药大学东直门医院的稳定型心绞痛病人194例,统计受试者基线资料及相关实验室检查指标,并根据中医四诊信息归纳病人证候信息。结果:194例受试者中,痰瘀互结型86例(44.3%),气虚血瘀型52例(26.8%),气阴两虚型29例(14.9%),气滞血瘀型27例(13.9%)。单因素分析结果提示稳定型心绞痛的中医证候影响因素包括体质指数(BMI)、血红蛋白(Hb)及天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶(AST)。Logistic回归分析提示痰瘀互结型独立影响因素为BMI、Hb、AST。结论:稳定型心绞痛证候分布中痰瘀互结型占比最高;BMI、Hb、AST是稳定型心绞痛中医辨证为痰瘀互结型的独立影响因素。

丹篓片联合阿托伐他汀钙片对痰瘀互结证稳定性心绞痛患者的临床疗效

目的 考察丹篓片联合阿托伐他汀钙片对痰瘀互结证稳定性心绞痛患者的临床疗效。方法 80例患者随机分为对照组和观察组,每组40例,对照组给予阿托伐他汀钙片,观察组在对照组基础上加用丹篓片,疗程8周。检测临床疗效、中医证候评分、血管内皮功能指标(NO、VEGF、ET-1)、血脂相关指标(TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、脂蛋白a、ApoB/A1)、24 h动态心电图指标(缺血发作次数、最长持续时间、心脏缺血总负荷)、SAQ评分、安全性指标(AST、ALT、Scr、BUN)变化。结果 观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,2组中医证候评分、ET-1、TC、TG、LDL-C、脂蛋白a、ApoB/A1、24 h动态心电图指标降低(P<0.05),NO、VEGF、HDL-C、SAQ评分升高(P<0.05),以观察组更明显(P<0.05)。2组安全性指标比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 丹篓片联合阿托伐他汀钙片可安全有效地改善痰瘀互结证稳定性心绞痛患者心肌缺血程度、临床症状,调节血脂,减轻血管内皮损伤。

不同系统疾病痰瘀互结证主要症状及特点探讨

目的 通过整理痰瘀相关证诊断标准的四诊信息,挖掘不同系统不同疾病痰瘀互结证的主要症状和相应特点,为构建普适性痰瘀互结证临床诊断标准提供基础。方法 系统检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中文科技期刊数据库(CCD)、中国学术期刊数据库(CSPD)与中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、《中医病证诊断疗效标准》等收录的痰瘀相关证的标准、指南、共识,开展痰瘀相关证四诊信息的整理和条目筛选。检索日期为建库以来2021年10月1日。结果 最终纳入包含痰瘀相关证诊断标准的文献208篇。其中,病证结合类诊断标准文献共174篇,包含呼吸、循环、神经等九大系统,共计68种疾病。将其按照不同系统疾病进行分类,结果提示虽同为痰瘀互结证,但不同系统痰瘀互结证的临床症状与所涉疾病的病变特点差异较大,而局部肿块、疼痛、麻木在多系统疾病痰瘀互结证的临床表现上具有一致性,且舌脉一致性高。结论 痰瘀互结证是许多重大疾病尤其是慢性非传染性疾病的常见证候。其中,痰瘀互结证在不同系统疾病中,局部肿块、疼痛、麻木、舌脉等临床症状和体征一致性高,可以作为构建普适性痰瘀互结证诊断标准的基础。

肺苏颗粒治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期痰热瘀肺证临床研究

目的观察肺苏颗粒治疗慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期(AECOPD)痰热瘀肺证的临床疗效及对患者生活质量、凝血功能和免疫功能的影响。方法采用随机数字表法将120例患者分为观察组和对照组各60例。对照组予常规西医治疗,观察组在对照组基础上予肺苏颗粒口服,每次1袋,每日3次,连续7 d。观察2组临床疗效,比较2组治疗前后中医症状评分、圣乔治呼吸问卷(SGRQ)评分、凝血功能指标(纤维蛋白原、D-二聚体)、免疫功能指标(CD4^(+)、CD8^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)),并观察不良反应。结果观察组总有效率为93.10%(54/58),对照组为79.66%(47/59),2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后中医症状积分及咳嗽、喘息、脉络瘀血评分,SGRQ评分均下降(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组上述评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后血浆纤维蛋白原和D-二聚体含量均下降(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组血浆纤维蛋白原和D-二聚体含量均低于对照组(P<0.05)。与本组治疗前比较,2组治疗后外周血CD4^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均显著升高,CD8^(+)显著降低(P<0.05);2组治疗后比较,观察组外周血CD4^(+)和CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)高于对照组,CD8^(+)低于对照组(P<0.05)。2组均未出现药物相关的不良反应。结论在常规西医治疗基础上联合肺苏颗粒治疗AECOPD痰热瘀肺证可显著提高临床疗效,改善患者生活质量,利于凝血功能恢复,并增强细胞免疫功能。

从“扶正祛邪”辨治不稳定型心绞痛探析

不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)属于急性冠脉综合征,是一种由于突发诱因导致的斑块破裂、糜烂,产生心肌缺血,以频发加剧的心前区绞痛为特征的严重疾病。中医认为本病属虚实夹杂,邪盛正虚,斗争剧烈,虚在脾胃受损与阳气亏虚,导致水湿痰浊不化,与瘀血互结于心脉,脉管狭窄,供血不足导致心肌受损。日久后痰瘀互结形成的斑块受到突发不良条件的刺激,致血管中斑块从底层糜烂、破裂,成为毒邪,堵塞心脉,发为UAP疾病。治疗时先祛邪后扶正,祛邪不伤正。扶正不恋邪,其中祛邪除痰、瘀、气滞,用药平和,不用峻猛之品,辅以补气、养血扶正。祛邪后舌腻减退,扶正时补气而不燥,补血养血而不滋腻,若病势转坏,急剧疼痛,亡阴亡阳,那么应中西医配合,救命为主,扶正固脱,使用中医注射液、汤剂、针刺与芳香疗法结合的方式,多剂型、多给药途径进行治疗。

基于病证结合的冠心病动物模型制备研究进展与思考

冠心病的临床研究和动物实验研究一直是心血管领域的常见病。病证结合动物模型体现了中西医结合的理念,不仅有西医的疾病特点,而且借助中医思维用不同实验方法来表现独特的中医证候特点,是中医药研究冠心病预防和治疗的有效工具。文章对常用冠心病中医证候的动物模型建立方法进行总结,并以冠心病痰瘀互结证动物模型为例提出思考。

膝骨关节炎不同证候患者关节液BMP-2和CTGF浓度特点及其与证候程度间的相关性研究

目的研究膝骨关节炎肝肾亏虚证和痰瘀互结证患者关节液骨形态发生蛋白-2(BMP-2)和结缔组织生长因子(CTGF)的浓度特点及其与证候程度间的相关性。方法留取并测定89例膝骨关节炎不同证候患者关节液BMP-2和CTGF的浓度,应用中医证候评分量表量化证候程度,分析关节液BMP-2和CTGF的浓度特点及其与证候程度间的相关性。结果膝骨关节炎痰瘀互结证和肝肾亏虚证患者年龄、身高、体质量、生命体征、病程比较上差异未见统计学意义(P>0.05);膝骨关节炎肝肾亏虚证患者关节液BMP-2的浓度水平显著高于痰瘀互结证患者(z=-2.212,P<0.05);膝骨关节炎肝肾亏虚证患者关节液CTGF的浓度水平显著低于痰瘀互结证患者(z=-2.072,P<0.05);膝骨关节炎肝肾亏虚证患者关节液CTGF浓度水平与中医证候评分呈负相关(r^(2)=0.240,P<0.05)。结论膝骨关节炎痰瘀互结证和肝肾亏虚证患者关节液BMP-2和CTGF浓度特点不同,肝肾亏虚证患者关节液CTGF浓度可以在一定程度上反映其证候的严重程度,上述发现与中医病因病机的分析相一致,其作用机制可能与转化生长因子β(TGF-β)/Smad信号通路的激活程度不同有关。