Assessment of International GNSS Service Global Ionosphere Map products over China region based on measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China

The global ionosphere maps(GIM)provided by the International GNSS Service(IGS)are extensively utilized for ionospheric morphology monitoring,scientific research,and practical application.Assessing the credibility of GIM products in data-sparse regions is of paramount importance.In this study,measurements from the Crustal Movement Observation Network of China(CMONOC)are leveraged to evaluate the suitability of IGS-GIM products over China region in 2013-2014.The indices of mean error(ME),root mean square error(RMSE),and normalized RMSE(NRMSE)are then utilized to quantify the accuracy of IGS-GIM products.Results revealed distinct local time and latitudinal dependencies in IGS-GIM errors,with substantially high errors at nighttime(NRMSE:39%)and above 40°latitude(NRMSE:49%).Seasonal differences also emerged,with larger equinoctial deviations(NRMSE:33.5%)compared with summer(20%).A preliminary analysis implied that the irregular assimilation of sparse IGS observations,compounded by China’s distinct geomagnetic topology,may manifest as error variations.These results suggest that modeling based solely on IGS-GIM observations engenders inadequate representations across China and that a thorough examination would proffer the necessary foundation for advancing regional total electron content(TEC)constructions.

Cultivating global health professionals: evaluation of a training course to develop international consulting service competence in China

Background:China’s accelerating development and increasingly important role in global health engagement create a great demand for global health professionals including international consulting experts.This study reported the detailed development and evaluation of an international consulting training for global health workforce.Methods:Based on Kirkpatrick’s model,a mixed-methods approach was used to evaluate the effectiveness of the training.Quantitative and qualitative data on participants’reaction,learning,and application of the learned knowledge and skills were collected by a training evaluation survey at the ending of training and a follow-up interview in three months after the training.Results:Thirty-six participants attended the training and 34 of them completed quantitative investigation.The training satisfaction evaluations were positive,for which participants rated the training program highly and over 90%of them agreed with the usefulness of the training.About knowledge and skills change,participants showed improved consulting knowledge and skills from pre-to post-training(P<0.001).A total of 23 participants accepted follow-up interview,and most participants applied knowledge and skills learned from the training in their daily work or study.However,only 30.4%of participants applied their learning in the consulting program.The largest barrier of application was the lack of consulting opportunities.In addition,almost all the participants reported that they would be glad to attend more training courses in the future.Conclusion:The international consulting training program was well-received,and was feasible to improve the consulting service competence of global health professionals.According to participants’feedback,it is essential to develop and expand consulting training in the field of global health.

CES Attended the 3rd China International Air Service Exhibition and Won Good Remarks

Bao peide,Deputy Director of CAAC and other leaders,together with Chen Xiaoning,Director of CAAC Policy Research Office,Chen Haiju,Director General of CAAC Air Administrative Bureau,Deng Youchi,General Manager of CAAC Advertising Company_2 Visiting the CES area in the exhibition hall.Ye Yiagan,President of Eastern Air Group Company and Chairman of CES co.,Ltd.,arraying the exhibition affairs.

Review and Prospect for the International Commercial Satellite Launch Services

Prosperous Satellite Communications China is the birthplace of therocket.In the twelfth century,China began creating and usingthe rocket,which was believedthe oldest vehicle in the world.Its invention and creation demon-strates the outstanding intelli-gence and ability of the ancientChinese people. The splendid ancient civiliza-tions of China and other countriesjointly carried within themselvesthe seeds of modern space tech-nology.Through unremitting ef-forts of several thousand years,people’s good wish to fly into andexplore sapce has at last cometrue.Space technology has be-come an area which uses the

Implementing and evaluating an automatic centroid moment tensor procedure for the Indonesia region and surrounding areas

The purpose of this research was to suggest an applicable procedure for computing the centroid moment tensor(CMT)automatically and in real time from earthquakes that occur in Indonesia and the surrounding areas.Gisola software was used to estimate the CMT solution by selecting the velocity model that best suited the local and regional geological conditions in Indonesia and the surrounding areas.The data used in this study were earthquakes with magnitudes of 5.4 to 8.0.High-quality,real-time broadband seismographic data were provided by the International Federation of Digital Seismograph Networks Web Services(FDSNWS)and the European Integrated Data Archive(EIDA)Federation in Indonesia and the surrounding areas.Furthermore,the inversion process and filter adjustment were carried out on the seismographic data to obtain good CMT solutions.The CMT solutions from Gisola provided good-quality solutions,in which all earthquake data had A-level quality(high quality,with good variant reduction).The Gisola CMT solution was justified with the Global CMT(GCMT)solution by using the Kagan angle value,with an average of approximately 11.2°.This result suggested that the CMT solution generated from Gisola was trustworthy and reliable.The Gisola CMT solution was typically available within approximately 15 minutes after an earthquake occurred.Once it met the quality requirement,it was automatically published on the internet.The catalog of local and regional earthquake records obtained through this technology holds great promise for improving the current understanding of regional seismic activity and ongoing tectonic processes.The accurate and real-time CMT solution generated by implementing the Gisola algorithm consisted of moment tensors and moment magnitudes,which provided invaluable insights into earthquakes occurring in Indonesia and the surrounding areas.

A Study on Internal Service Recovery Strategy Using CIT from the First Line Staff's Perspective

Service is a special product. It is intangible and unstored, so service er-rors are not avoided. Once service errors appear, the first line staffs who keep di-rect touch with customers wil play an important role in service recovery. The staffs＇ negative emotions during the recovery service should be recovered by internal ser-vice recovery. In this paper, critical incident technique is applied to analyse the re-covery strategies expected by the first line staff and the internal service recovery strategies such as inspiring, authorization, training and psychology service are put forward. the strategy most expected by the staff is reward.

The Progress of IGS Analysis Center at Wuhan University

As one of the Analysis Centers(AC)of the International GNSS Service(IGS),Wuhan University(WHU)has been contributing to the IGS by providing ultra-rapid as well as rapid orbit and clock solutions for the established GPS and GLONASS since 2012.In the same year,the IGS initiated the Multi-GNSS Experiment(MGEX)to support the analysis of the emerging GNSS systems and prepare the IGS for Multi-GNSS,which includes GPS,GLONASS,the European Galileo system,the Chinese Beidou Navigation Satellite System(BDS),the Japanese Quasi-Zenith Satellite System(QZSS)and the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System(IRNSS/NaVIC).The major products,i.e.,orbits,Earth Orientation Parameters(EOPs),satellite clock as well as attitude have also been provided by WHU since 2012.More recently,WHU has engaged the third reprocessing of IGS for generating the highly accurate station coordinates as inputs for establishment of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame(ITRF)2020 during 2019—2020.This article presents the recent major advancements of the IGS AC at Wuhan University,including precise products,real-time products,bias products,antenna phase center calibration,and the non-linear motion modeling for GNSS Reference Stations.

The Study on the Market Position for China Post to Launch International Financial Service

The article studies the international financial service, which might be opened by China Post. Based on defining postal financial service, it analyses the face-to-face circumstances and challenges by using the method of normal market position and the method of General Electric Company （GEC）. Finally it defines the market position of Postal Financial International Service （PFIS）.

Consistency of MGEX Orbit and Clock Products

The analysis centers of the Multi-GNSS Pilot Project of the International GNSS Service provide orbit and clock products for the global navigation satellite systems(GNSSs)Global Positioning System(GPS),GLONASS,Galileo,and BeiDou,as well as for the Japanese regional Quasi-Zenith Satellite System(QZSS).Due to improved solar radiation pressure modeling and other more sophisticated models,the consistency of these products has improved in recent years.The current orbit consistency between different analysis centers is on the level of a few centimeters for GPS,around one decimeter for GLONASS and Galileo,a few decimeters for BeiDou-2,and several decimeters for QZSS.The clock consistency is about 2 cm for GPS,5 cm for GLONASS and Galileo,and 10 cm for BeiDou-2.In terms of carrier phase modeling error for precise point positioning,the various products exhibit consistencies of 2–3 cm for GPS,6–14 cm for GLONASS,3–10 cm for Galileo,and 10–17 cm for BeiDou-2.

Sufficiency and Deficiency Indices of Soil Available Zinc for Rice in the Alluvial Soil of the Coastal Yellow Sea

To determine the sufficiency and deficiency indices of soil available Zn by the Agro Services International （ASI） method （ASI-Zn） for Zn fertilizer recommendation in rice production in the alluvial soil of the coastal Yellow Sea, the relationship between relative rice yield and soil available ASI-Zn concentration was analyzed from a ten-field experiment with various soil test classes ranging from low to high fertility in 2005 and 2006, and nine Zn fertilizer application rates （0, 7.5 15, 22.5, 30, 37.5, 45, 52.5 and 60 kg Zn/ha） arranged at random with three replications in each field. There was a significant quadratic relationship between soil available ASI-Zn and rice yield, and a significant linear relationship between soil available ASI-Zn concentration and Zn fertilization rate. For rice variety Wuyujing 3, soil available ASI-Zn was deficient when the value was at lower than 1 mg Zn/L, low at 1 to 2 mg Zn/L, sufficient at 1 to 2 mg Zn/L, excessive at higher than 7.5 mg Zn/L. Thus, Zn fertilizer recommendation could be done according to the sufficiency and deficiency indices of soil ASI-Zn. For most of alluvial soils of the coastal Yellow Sea in the study, the available ASI-Zn was lower than 1 mg Zn/L, and then the optimum application rate of Zn fertilizer was about 20 kg Zn/ha.

国际医疗服务高质量发展新思考:基于2019—2020年上海市外籍住院患者实证分析

目的分析2019—2020年上海市外籍住院患者就医现况,结合既往研究研判国际医疗服务需求变化趋势,并提出对国际医疗服务高质量发展的思考与启示。方法回顾性比较分析2019—2020年上海市医疗机构外籍住院患者出院人次、年龄构成、病种分类、手术分级、疾病转归、机构分布等特点。结果上海市外籍住院患者出院人次稳步增长,老龄康复养老需求上升,病种和手术构成有所变化,医疗服务仍以公立三级甲等为主体且呈现重症化趋势,社会办医住院人次和手术量上升。结论新时代国际医疗服务的高质量发展应当构建国内大循环为主体、国内国际“双循环”新发展格局,关注患者需求,优化资源配置,同时兼顾疫情防控安全。

IGS polar motion measurement accuracy

We elaborate an error budget for the long-term accuracy of IGS（International Global Navigation Satellite System Service） polar motion estimates, concluding that it is probably about 25-30 μas（1-sigma）overall, although it is not possible to quantify possible contributions（mainly annual） that might transfer directly from aliases of subdaily rotational tide errors. The leading sources are biases arising from the need to align daily, observed terrestrial frames, within which the pole coordinates are expressed and which are continuously deforming, to the secular, linear international reference frame. Such biases are largest over spans longer than about a year. Thanks to the very large number of IGS tracking stations, the formal covariance errors are much smaller,around 5 to 10 μas. Large networks also permit the systematic frame-related errors to be more effectively minimized but not eliminated. A number of periodic errors probably also influence polar motion results, mainly at annual, GPS（Global Positioning System） draconitic, and fortnightly periods, but their impact on the overall error budget is unlikely to be significant except possibly for annual tidal aliases. Nevertheless, caution should be exercised in interpreting geophysical excitations near any of the suspect periods.

Call for Papers——2004 International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management

July 19 to 21, 2004, Beijing, China http://www.rccm.tsinghua.edu.cn/ieee-sssm04/ Sponsored by Service Systems and Organization Committee, IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society School of Economics and Management, Tsinghua University General Co-Chairs

Call for Papers 6^(th) International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management(ICSSSM'09)

Service is an emerging sector for economic growth in the 21st century. It covers almost all industries and our daily life from medical care to the production of high-tech products. A nation＇s economic evolution highly relies on its service systems and service management.

6^(th) International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management (ICSSSM'09)Xiamen,PR China

June 8-10,2009 Conference Theme and Scope Service is an emerging sector for economic growth in the 21st century.It covers almost all industries and our daily life from medical care to the production of high-tech products.A nation’s economic evolution highly relies on its service systems and service management.The production of a product in

The 10th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management(ICSSSM'13)

July 17-19,2013,Hong Kong,China For more information,please visit http：//www.rccm.tsinghua.edu.cn/icsssm/2013/ Co-Sponsored by： IEEE SMC（Pending） The Chinese University of Hong Kong Tsinghua University

The 12th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management ICSSSM'15

Co-Sponsored by： IEEE SMC （pending） South China University of Technology The Chinese University of Hong Kong Tsinghua University

Call for Papers The 10th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management(ICSSSM'13)

July 3-5, 2013, Hong Kong, China For more information, please visit http://www.rccm.tsinghua.edu.cn/icsssm/2013/ Co-Sponsored by: IEEE SMC (Pending) The Chinese University of Hong Kong

On international trade in educational services:an interpretation of the regulations and China’s WTO commitments

The General Agreement on Trade in Services(GATS)of the World Trade Organization(WTO)covers educational trade services.Hence,all the regulations of the GATS have to be followed in the international trade of educational services.Having acceded to the WTO,China is starting to fulfill the rights and obligations as a member by completely respecting international trade,services and intellectual property laws.At the same time,it is also starting to fulfill some of the commitments it made in the GATS,such as expanding activities on trade in educational services.Comprehending the fundamental regulations and China’s commitments is significant towards promoting China’s international trade in educational services.

Call for Papers The 11th International Conference on Service Systems and Service Management ICSSSM'14

Co-Sponsored by：IEEE SMC （pending） Qingdao UniversityThe Chinese University of Hong KongTsinghua UniversityNational Natural Science Foundation of China （NSFC）