Effectiveness of Participatory Teaching Methods in the Standardized Training of Respiratory Medicine Residents

Objective:To explore and analyze the application effect of participatory teaching method in the standardized training of respiratory medicine residents.Methods:The study period was from May 2022 to May 2023.20 doctors in the standardized training of respiratory medicine residency in our hospital were taken as research subjects and grouped into the participatory group(n=10)and the routine group(n=10)by using the random number lottery method.The participatory group practised participatory teaching methods,and the routine group practised routine teaching methods.The results of discharge assessment,teaching evaluation,and mini-Clinical Evaluation Exercise(mini-CEX)assessment were compared between the groups.Results:The theoretical assessment,operational assessment,and total scores of the participatory group were significantly higher than those of the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The teaching evaluation of independent learning,theoretical mastery,teamwork,clinical thinking,communication,and learning interest of the participatory group was significantly higher than that of the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The mini-CEX assessments of history inquiry,organizational effectiveness,professionalism,physical examination,clinical diagnosis,communication skills,and overall clinical competence of the participatory group were significantly better than those of the routine group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The teaching satisfaction of the participatory group was significantly higher than that of the routine group,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Participatory teaching methods can improve the overall level of doctors in the respiratory medicine residency standardized training,and the teaching satisfaction is improved.

Exploring the Application Effect of Flipped Classroom Combined with Problem-Based Learning Teaching Method in Clinical Skills Teaching of Standardized Training for Resident Doctors of Traditional Chinese Medicine

Objective: To explore the application effect of flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method in clinical skills teaching of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine. Methods: The study used the experimental control method. The study lasted from September to November 2022. The subjects of this study were 49 students of standardized training for resident doctors of traditional Chinese Medicine from grades 2020, 2021 and 2022 of Dazhou integrated TCM & Western Medicine Hospital. They were randomly divided into experiment group (25) and control group (24). The experiment group adopted flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method, and the control group adopted traditional teaching method. The teaching content was 4 basic clinical skill projects, including four diagnoses of traditional Chinese Medicine, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, dressing change procedure, acupuncture and massage. The evaluation method was carried out by comparing the students’ performance and a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the students’ evaluation of the teaching method. Results: The test scores of total scores in the experimental group (90.12 ± 5.89) were all higher than those in the control group (81.47 ± 7.96) (t = 4.53, P P Conclusions: The teaching process of the flipped classroom combined with problem-based learning teaching method is conducive to improving the efficiency of classroom teaching, cultivating students’ self-learning ability, and enhancing students’ willingness to learn.

Particle residence time distribution and axial dispersion coefficient in a pressurized circulating fluidized bed by using multiphase particle-in-cell simulation

The particle residence time distribution(RTD)and axial dispersion coefficient are key parameters for the design and operation of a pressurized circulating fluidized bed(PCFB).In this study,the effects of pressure(0.1-0.6 MPa),fluidizing gas velocity(2-7 m·s^(-1)),and solid circulation rate(10-90 kg·m^(-2)·s^(-1))on particle RTD and axial dispersion coefficient in a PCFB are numerically investigated based on the multiphase particle-in-cell(MP-PIC)method.The details of the gas-solid flow behaviors of PCFB are revealed.Based on the gas-solid flow pattern,the particles tend to move more orderly under elevated pressures.With an increase in either fluidizing gas velocity or solid circulation rate,the mean residence time of particles decreases while the axial dispersion coefficient increases.With an increase in pressure,the core-annulus flow is strengthened,which leads to a wider shape of the particle RTD curve and a larger mean particle residence time.The back-mixing of particles increases with increasing pressure,resulting in an increase in the axial dispersion coefficient.

Effect Analysis of WeChat Platform Combined with PBL Teaching Method for Standardized Training of Residents in Anesthesiology Department

Objective: To explore and analyze the effect of the WeChat platform combined with the PBL teaching method in the standardized training of anesthesia residents. Methods: 120 anesthesiology residents from January 2018 to the end of December 2019 were selected, and divided into a control group and an observation group of 60 each according to the time sequence of admission. The control group adopted the conventional teaching mode, and the observation group adopted the WeChat platform combined PBL teaching method. The scores of theoretical knowledge and anesthesia skills operation after training, the scores of the teaching interest survey, and the satisfaction with the teaching mode between the two groups were compared. Results: The scores of theoretical knowledge and anesthesia skills operation in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the indicators of teaching interest in the observation group were also higher than those in the control group. The differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The satisfaction degree of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was also statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The WeChat platform combined with the PBL teaching method is beneficial to improve the training effect of anesthesiology residents, stimulating autonomous learning ability, ensuring the effective practice of theoretical knowledge, and promoting them to move towards a higher standard of anesthesia skills.

Daily activities and training experiences of urology residents during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Indonesia: A nationwide survey

Objective:To explore the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic on the training experiences of urology residents in Indonesia.Methods:A cross-sectional study using a web-based questionnaire(SurveyMonkey)involved all registered urology residents in Indonesia.The questionnaire was structured in Bahasa Indonesia,composed of 28 questions,and divided into three sections:demographic characteristics,current daily activities,and opinions regarding training experiences during the COVID-19 outbreak.The survey was distributed to all respondents via chief of residents in each urology center from May 26,2020 to Jun 2,2020.Results:Of the total 247 registered urology residents,243 were eligible for the study.The response and completeness rate for this study were 243/243(100%).The median age of respondents was 30(range:24e38)years old,and 92.2%of them were male.Among them,6(2.5%)respondents were confirmed as COVID-19 positive.A decrease in residents’involvement in clinical and surgical activities was distinguishable in endourological and open procedures.Most educational activities were switched to web-based video conferences,while others opted for the in-person method.Smart learning methods,such as joining a national or international speaker webinar or watching a recorded video,were used by 93.8%and 80.7%of the respondents,respectively.The respondents thought that educational activities using web-based video conferences and smart learning methods were effective methods of learning.Overall,the respondents felt unsure whether training experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic were comparable to the respective period before.Conclusion:The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected urology residents’training experiences.However,it also opened up new possibilities for incorporating new learning methodologies in the future.

Analysis of Combining OBE and CBL in Pharmacy Internship

Talent training has been emphasized in China’s national development.Training an excellent pharmaceutical professional has far-reaching significance for promoting rational use of drugs,ensuring safe drug use,and improving the quality and safety of medical treatment.The internship program is an important part of a pharmacy major that serves to develop students’practical skills.In this paper,we propose a combination of outcome-based education(OBE)and case-based learning(CBL)in pharmacy internships to promote critical thinking and independent learning among students and ensure the sustainable development of pharmacy education.

翻转课堂联合PBL教学法在骨科麻醉教学中的应用

目的评估翻转课堂联合基于问题的学习(problem-based learning,PBL)教学法在骨科麻醉教学中的效果。方法 随机抽取2020年9月—2022年7月在西安交通大学第二附属医院麻醉科骨科麻醉住培学生40名,随机分为研究组及对照组,各20名。对照组采用传统的课堂授课模式教学,研究组采用翻转课堂联合PBL教学法进行教学。记录并分析2组学生的学习成绩、综合能力及教学满意度。结果 研究组的理论考核及总分均高于对照组[(48.60±5.48)分vs.(43.30±5.57)分;(82.80±4.21)分vs.(76.70±4.93)分],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),但2组的实践考核差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);研究组自学能力、临床思维及团队合作得分高于对照组[(20.70±1.63)分vs.(18.90±2.00)分;(20.70±1.98)分vs.(19.10±2.40)分;(20.55±2.04)分vs.(19.00±2.69)分],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05),但实践操作得分差异无统计学意义(P> 0.05);研究组的教学满意度得分高于对照组[(4.20±0.89)分vs.(3.40±0.82)分],差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 将翻转课堂联合PBL教学法应用于临床骨科麻醉的教学中,能够充分调动学生的主观能动性,提高学生的学习成绩、综合分析问题及团队合作的能力,教学效果明显,学生的满意度较高。

5A教学模式在普通外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用

目的探讨5A教学模式在普通外科住院医师规范化培训中的应用效果。方法采用随机对照研究方法,以2020年1月至2022年12月在解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部接受住院医师规范化培训并进入本研究团队主诊组轮转学习的学员为研究对象,随机分为试验组和对照组。试验组20名,采用5A教学模式;对照组20名,采用传统教学模式。对2组学员进行理论考核、临床技能考核和综合能力考核,记录考核成绩,并比较2组的教学效果。结果相对于对照组,试验组学员在消毒铺巾、切开缝合和腔镜技能考核3个方面的成绩得到提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组学员在团队协作和科学研究2个方面的成绩高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);试验组学员带教满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论5A教学模式可以显著提高学员的临床实践操作、团队协作和科学研究能力,可作为普通外科住院医师规范化培训的有效教学方法。

应用临床教学五步法进行形成性评价提升住院医师医患沟通能力

目的研究应用临床教学五步法进行形成性评价提升住院医师医患沟通能力。方法采用自身对照的队列研究方法,由参与研究的指导医师对自愿纳入研究的住院医师进行5次关于医患沟通技能的形成性评价,每次均应用临床教学五步法进行反馈指导。对形成性评价前后住院医师的自评和他评结果进行对比分析。结果21名住院医师纳入研究。第5次形成性评价得分(90.00±2.47)分与第1次得分(61.24±9.86)分相比,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。18名住院医师完成自评问卷,结果提示,应用临床教学五步法进行形成性评价后,住院医师更注意在沟通前了解患方的社会文化背景,并据此拟定不同沟通策略。在沟通中,住院医师更注意观察患者的表情和语气的变化,主动询问患者的理解程度、治疗期望和意愿(P<0.05)。结论应用教学五步法进行形成性评价可有效提升住院医师医患沟通能力。

基于PICOS模式的CBL教学法在内分泌科实习小讲课中的应用

目的:通过与传统的讲授式教学法(LBL)比较,探索基于循证医学PICOS模式的CBL教学法应用于内分泌科实习小讲课的可行性。方法:将120名规培生随机分为试验组和对照组,考查理论知识、病例分析能力并予以问卷调查。试验组采用基于循证医学PICOS模式的CBL教学法,对照组采用传统的讲授式教学法(LBL)比较。结果:试验组学生的理论知识与病例分析成绩均显著高于对照组,且具有更高的教学满意度。结论:基于循证医学PICOS模式的CBL教学法在激发学习兴趣、培养临床思维及完善知识体系等方面具有优势。

精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系的构建

目的:置信职业行为指受训者具备被信任的能力后,能够独立执行和完成的具体临床任务。本研究构建适合精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系,为制定培训策略及考核标准提供参考依据。方法:通过文献分析、半结构访谈建立精神科住培医师置信职业行为条目库,对全国7所国家级住培基地、3所医学院校的63名精神科领域专家进行德尔菲咨询,全面筛选与整理指标,并结合层次分析法确定各级指标及其权重。结果:构建了包括4个一级指标、17个二级指标、68个三级指标在内具有层次性的精神科住培医师置信职业行为评价指标体系,并确定了一、二、三级指标的权重。结论:置信职业行为评价指标体系全面系统、贴合临床工作、便于实际应用,能够为精神科住培医师考核提供量化标准,促进培训质量的提高。

混合教学法应用于神经内科住院医师规范化培训电生理带教探索

目的:探讨混合教学法应用于神经内科住院医师规范化培训电生理带教中的探索及效果评价。方法:选取杭州市第一人民医院2010年9月至2020年8月参加神经内科住院医师规范化培训的88名住院医师,对照组46名在神经电生理轮转期间采用传统教学法,试验组42名采用CBL联合PBL混合教学方法。对两组进行电生理操作及结果判读考核,并对比两组成绩差别及教学满意度。结果:试验组操作考核(P=0.000)、电生理结果判读考核(P=0.003)、教学满意度(P=0.001)均优于对照组,差别有统计学意义。结论:混合教学法在神经内科住院医师规范化培训神经电生理带教中可以促进教学质量。

住培医师作为标准化病人的PBL教学法在神经内科教学中的应用

目的探讨住培医师作为标准化病人的以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)在神经内科临床教学中的应用效果。方法采用随机数字表法,将2020年6月—2021年10月苏州大学附属第二医院62名正在培训的神经内科住培医师随机分成对照组(31名,传统教学法)和观察组(31名,住培医师作为标准化病人的PBL教学法)进行临床住培。从神经内科轮转期6个月以上住培学员中选取标准化病人培训对象。比较2组住培医师培训之后的理论知识、实践能力及综合素质评分。结果观察组住培医师的理论知识及实践操作成绩均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组住培医师的综合素质评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论住培医师作为标准化病人的PBL教学法在神经科临床培训教学中的应用效果显著。

互联网+微格教学法结合复盘教学方式在外科腹腔镜技能培训中的应用

目的:探讨互联网+微格教学法结合复盘教学方式在外科腹腔镜技能培训的应用效果。方法:选取在本院普通外科进行住院医师规范化培训且既往未受过其他腹腔镜培训的2020级学员30名,随机分为对照组及试验组,每组15人。对照组依照传统培训方式进行技能培训,试验组采用互联网+微格教学法结合复盘教学方式进行培训。分别于培训初始时,培训第8周对两组学员进行操作考核,所有培训结束后对两组学员进行满意度调查。分析两组学员的考核成绩以及教学满意度调查结果。结果:每个模块的考核成绩试验组均明显优于对照组(P<0.001);满意度方面,试验组在培训的教学方式、培训内容的兴趣程度、课程氛围、提升腔镜技能水平、学习成就感层面结果优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:互联网+微格教学法结合复盘教学方式可以有效地提高学员腹腔镜技能操作水平,提升学员的学习兴趣,培养其主动学习能力,是值得应用的教学方法。

PBL联合CBL教学法在儿童肺功能临床见习教学中的应用

目的:探索PBL联合CBL教学法在儿童肺功能临床见习教学中的应用效果。方法:将呼吸专科护士培训班45名学员随机分为对照组和试验组,在临床见习中分别实施CBL教学法和PBL联合CBL的教学法,比较两组学员考试成绩及教学效果主观评价情况。结果:试验组学员考试成绩及教学效果的总体主观评价均明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:在理论课时较少且学员学习基础较薄弱的肺功能临床见习教学实践中,PBL联合CBL教学法更有利于学员对难点内容的理解和掌握,可有效提高教学质量,得到学员的认可和喜爱。

3D打印教具结合CBL教学法在神经外科住培中的应用

目的探讨3D打印教具结合以案例为基础的教学法(case-based learning,CBL)在神经外科住院医师规范化培训(简称住培)中的应用价值。方法选取2022年7月—2022年12月在绍兴市人民医院神经外科进行住院医师规范化培训的60名住院医师为研究对象,随机分为试验组(n=30)和对照组(n=30)。试验组采用3D打印教具结合CBL教学法进行教学,对照组采用传统CBL教学法进行教学,教具主要为普通影像学资料。培训结束后对2组学员进行理论知识考核、影像读片考核以及满意度评估,其中满意度又细分为提高学习兴趣、加深课程理解、提高操作能力、提高学习自信、提高沟通能力5个方面。结果试验组的理论知识考核成绩[(85.80±4.56)分]高于对照组[(82.30±5.47)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组的影像读片考核成绩[(84.73±3.94)分]高于对照组[(80.97±5.10)],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组在提高学习兴趣、加深课程理解、提高操作能力方面的满意度(86.67%、66.67%、70.00%)均高于对照组(56.67%、36.67%、40.00%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组在提高学习自信、提高沟通能力方面的满意度(60.00%、73.33%)与对照组(53.33%、50.00%)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论3D打印教具结合CBL教学法可以增强神经外科住院医师规范化培训的效果。

基于Delphi法构建全科住院医师规范化培训教学查房细化评分量表

目的探索构建标准化全科住院医师规范化培训教学查房细化评分量表。方法采用焦点小组法组织从事全科医学工作10年以上的专家进行讨论,初步构建《全科住院医师规范化培训教学查房细化评分表》。然后,由10名全科教学查房指导专家,根据指标的重要性、可行性及专家的积极性、协调性等进行两轮Delphi问卷咨询。最后,运用层次分析法计算各级指标的权重,确定评价指标体系。结果共进行2轮焦点小组讨论,5名成员对各级指标进行讨论修改分类,初步建立教学查房评估指标体系。10名咨询专家共进行2轮问卷咨询,问卷回收率均为100%。第一轮、第二轮专家咨询的权威系数分别为0.93,0.97,协调系数Kendall’s W分别为0.522,0.421,P<0.001。根据两轮专家咨询结果构建7项一级指标、20项二级指标、119项三级指标,其中一级指标的权重分别为0.0327、0.0464、0.1599、0.2815、0.1599、0.1599、0.1599,所有指标判断矩阵的一致性比率CR均小于0.1。结论本研究构建的全科教学查房细化评分体系合理、完整、可操作性好,多维度反映查房教师及住院医师表现,可作为全科教学查房评价的参考依据。

3D打印技术在住院医师规范化培训骨肿瘤案例式学习法中的应用

目的:分析评价3D打印技术在住院医师规范化培训骨肿瘤案例式学习法(case-based learning,CBL)中的应用效果。方法:纳入我院骨科住培基地学员60名,随机分为试验组(3D打印+CBL组)和对照组(床边带教组),通过考试和问卷调查评价3D打印技术在住培骨肿瘤CBL教学中的应用效果。结果:试验组学员理论知识考核成绩和实践能力考核成绩均高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组学员在总体满意程度、学习兴趣、教学吸引力、知识掌握程度、临床沟通交流能力和治疗方案理解程度方面的评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:3D打印技术联合CBL教学以案例为基础,突出骨肿瘤专业学习的重点和难点,提高了住培学员的学习兴趣和临床综合能力,值得在住培工作中推广应用。

PBL教学法联合三维重建技术在神经外科教学中的应用

目的探索以问题为导向的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)联合三维重建技术在神经外科临床教学中的应用效果。方法选取2020年6月—2021年6月西安交通大学第一附属医院神经外科住院医师规范化培训学员64名,随机分为观察组和对照组,每组32名住培学员。观察组采用PBL联合三维重建技术进行教学。带教老师将示教病例的颅脑多模态影像数据导入3D slicer软件,建立可视化的三维解剖模型,并在课堂中展示颅脑、病变、血管及颅骨之间的空间解剖关系对照组采用传统多媒体教学方法。通过理论考试、操作考核和调查问卷评分对比两种方法的教学效果。结果观察组住培学员的理论考试及操作考核成绩均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001),并且观察组住培学员在教学总体满意度、学习兴趣提高程度及颅脑解剖的理解度均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论PBL联合三维重建技术在神经外科教学中的应用效果良好。

PACS联合多媒体教学法在肾内科实习教学中的应用

目的探究在开展肾病内科实习教学的过程中按照医学图像存储与传输系统(picture archiving and communication system,PACS)联合网络多媒体教学法进行教学的价值。方法选取2020年2月—2022年8月苏州大学附属第二医院肾病内科60名实习医生为研究对象,随机分为对照组(30名,按照常规方式进行教学)和观察组(30名,按照PACS联合网络多媒体教学法进行教学)。针对2组教学效果进行评估。结果对比2组实习医生考核成绩,在教学前2组理论知识水平、实践操作能力、病例书写、体格检查考核差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。教学后,观察组理论知识水平、实践操作能力、病例书写、体格检查考核考核成绩[(93.53±2.05)分;(93.63±2.11)分;(94.45±2.05)分;(94.36±2.32)分]高于对照组[(88.45±2.15)分;(88.64±1.78)分;(89.45±1.68)分;(86.14±1.48)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。对比2组实习医生对教学方式评价,在提升临床思维、提升学习兴趣、提升自学能力、降低理论知识理解难度方面评分,观察组均高于对照组,(P<0.05)。对比2组教学满意度,观察组高于对照组,(P<0.05)。结论在进行肾病内科实习教学的过程中开展PACS联合网络多媒体教学法,可以有效提升该方面教学质量,有助于实习医生对各方面专业知识进行掌握和运用,并增加教学满意度。