350例上颌前磨牙Interstitial结节发生率的调查

上颌第一、第二前磨牙咬面上，颊侧副沟与横副沟间边缘嵴肥厚呈结节状称Interstitial结节。作者对中、日两所医科大学生Interstitial结节的发生情况作了调查，结果如下：（1）上颌第一前磨牙Interstitial结节发生率在中日两组大学生中无差异，上颌第二前磨牙日方组发生率高于中方组；（2）Interstitial结节在上颌第一前磨牙发生率显著高于上颌第二前磨牙；（3）单侧发生多于双侧；（4）上颌第一前磨牙Interstitial结节在面近中的发生率显著大于远中；（5）上颌第二前磨牙中方组近远中发生率无差异，日方组近中发生率高于远中。

Effects of interstitial cluster mobility on dislocation loops evolution under irradiation of austenitic steel

The evolution of dislocation loops in austenitic steels irradiated with Fe^(+)is investigated using cluster dynamics(CD)simulations by developing a CD model.The CD predictions are compared with experimental results in the literature.The number density and average diameter of the dislocation loops obtained from the CD simulations are in good agreement with the experimental data obtained from transmission electron microscopy(TEM)observations of Fe~+-irradiated Solution Annealed 304,Cold Worked 316,and HR3 austenitic steels in the literature.The CD simulation results demonstrate that the diffusion of in-cascade interstitial clusters plays a major role in the dislocation loop density and dislocation loop growth;in particular,for the HR3 austenitic steel,the CD model has verified the effect of temperature on the density and size of the dislocation loops.

Correlation analysis of interstitial maturity and prognosis of colorectal cancer:Meta-analysis

BACKGROUND To investigate the relationship between interstitial maturity and prognosis of colorectal cancer.AIM To examine the correlation between interstitial maturity and the prognosis of colorectal cancer.METHODS The paper database PubMed,EMBASE,Cochranelibrary,Springerlink,CNKI,and Wanfang database were searched until December 2023."tumor stroma maturity""desmoplastic stroma reaction""desmoplastic reaction""stroma reaction""degree of stroma reaction""stroma classification""stroma density""colorectal cancer""colon cancer""rectal cancer""prognosis"were searched for the search terms.Two system assessors independently screened the literature quality according to the inclusion exclusion criteria,Quality evaluation and data extraction were performed for the included literatures,and meta-analysis was performed for randomized control trials included at using Review Manager 5.2 software.RESULTS Finally,data of 9849 patients with colorectal cancer from 19 cosets in 15 literatures were included,including 4339 patients with mature type(control group),3048 patients with intermediate type(intermediate group)and 2456 patients with immature type(immature group).The results of meta-analysis showed:Relapse-free survival[hazard ratio(HR)=2.66,95%confidence interval(CI):2.30-3.08;P<0.00001],disease-free survival(HR=3.68,95%CI:2.33-5.81;P<0.00001)and overall survival(HR=1.70,95%CI:1.53-1.87;P<0.00001)were significantly lower than those in mature group(control group);relapse-free survival(HR=1.36,95%CI:1.17-1.59;P<0.0001)and disease-free survival rate(HR=1.85,95%CI:1.53-2.24;P<0.0001)was significantly lower than the mature group(control group).CONCLUSION There is the correlation between tumor interstitial maturity and survival prognosis of colorectal cancer,and different degrees of tumor interstitial maturity have a certain impact on the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients.

Clinical evolution of antisynthetase syndrome-associated interstitial lung disease after COVID-19 in a man with Klinefelter syndrome:A case report

BACKGROUND This study presents a case of rapidly developing respiratory failure due to antisynthetase syndrome(AS)following coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in a 33-year-old man diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome(KS).CASE SUMMARY A 33-year-old man with a diagnosis of KS was admitted to the Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine of a tertiary hospital in China for fever and shortness of breath 2 wk after the onset of COVID-19.Computed tomography of both lungs revealed diffuse multiple patchy heightened shadows in both lungs,accompanied by signs of partial bronchial inflation.Metagenomic next-generation sequencing of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid suggested absence of pathogen.A biopsy specimen revealed organizing pneumonia with alveolar septal thickening.Additionally,extensive auto-antibody tests showed strong positivity for anti-SSA,anti-SSB,anti-Jo-1,and anti-Ro-52.Following multidisciplinary discussions,the patient received a final diagnosis of AS,leading to rapidly progressing respiratory failure.CONCLUSION This study underscores the clinical progression of AS-associated interstitial lung disease subsequent to viral infections such as COVID-19 in patients diagnosed with KS.

Microvascular alterations of the ocular surface and retina in connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease

AIM:To examine the disparities in macular retinal vascular density between individuals with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease(CTD-ILD)and healthy controls(HCs)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and to investigate the changes in microvascular density in abnormal eyes.METHODS:For a retrospective case-control study,a total of 16 patients(32 eyes)diagnosed with CTD-ILD were selected as the ILD group.The 16 healthy volunteers with 32 eyes,matched in terms of age and sex with the patients,were recruited as control group.The macular retina’s superficial retinal layer(SRL)and deep retinal layer(DRL)were examined and scanned using OCTA in each individual eye.The densities of retinal microvascular(MIR),macrovascular(MAR),and total microvascular(TMI)were calculated and compared.Changes in retinal vascular density in the macular region were analyzed using three different segmentation methods:central annuli segmentation method(C1-C6),hemispheric segmentation method[uperior right(SR),superior left(SL),inferior left(IL),and inferior right(IR)],and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)methods[superior(S),inferior(I),left(L),and right(R)].The data were analyzed using Version 9.0 of GraphPad prism and Pearson analysis.RESULTS:The OCTA data demonstrated a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in macular retinal microvessel density between the two groups.Specifically,in the SRL and DRL analyses,the ILD group exhibited significantly lower surface density of MIR and TMI compared to the HCs group(P<0.05).Furthermore,using the hemispheric segmentation method,the ILD group showed notable reductions in SL,SR,and IL in the superficial retina(P<0.05),as well as marked decreases in SL and IR in the deep retina(P<0.05).Similarly,when employing the ETDRS method,the ILD group displayed substantial drops in superficial retinal S and I(P<0.05),along with notable reductions in deep retinal L,I,and R(P<0.05).In the central annuli segmentation method,the ILD group exhibited a significant decrease in the superficial retinal C2-4 region(P<0.05),whereas the deep retina showed a notable reduction in the C3-5 region(P<0.05).Additionally,there was an observed higher positive likelihood ratio in the superficial SR region and deep MIR.Furthermore,there was a negative correlation between conjunctival vascular density and both deep and superficial retinal TMI(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Patients with CTD-ILD exhibits a significantly higher conjunctival vascular density compared to the HCs group.Conversely,their fundus retinal microvascular density is significantly lower.Furthermore,CTD-ILD patients display notably lower superficial and deep retinal vascular density in comparison to the HCs group.The inverse correlation between conjunctival vascular density and both superficial and deep retinal TMI suggests that detecting subtle changes in ocular microcirculation could potentially serve as an early diagnostic indicator for connective tissue diseases,thereby enhancing disease management.

This pain drives me crazy:Psychiatric symptoms in women with interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome

BACKGROUND Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome(IC/BPS)is an at least 6-mo noninfectious bladder inflammation of unknown origin characterized by chronic suprapubic,abdominal,and/or pelvic pain.Although the term cystitis suggests an inflammatory or infectious origin,no definite cause has been identified.It occurs in both sexes,but women are twice as much affected.AIM To systematically review evidence of psychiatric/psychological changes in persons with IC/BPS.METHODS Hypothesizing that particular psychological characteristics could underpin IC/BPS,we investigated in three databases the presence of psychiatric symptoms and/or disorders and/or psychological characteristics in patients with IC/BPS using the following strategy:("interstitial cystitis"OR"bladder pain syndrome")AND("mood disorder"OR depressive OR antidepressant OR depression OR depressed OR hyperthymic OR mania OR manic OR rapid cyclasterisk OR dysthymiasterisk OR dysphoriasterisk).RESULTS On September 27,2023,the PubMed search produced 223 articles,CINAHL 62,and the combined PsycLIT/PsycARTICLES/PsycINFO/Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection search 36.Search on ClinicalTrials.gov produced 14 studies,of which none had available data.Eligible were peer-reviewed articles reporting psychiatric/psychological symptoms in patients with IC/BPS,i.e.63 articles spanning from 2000 to October 2023.These studies identified depression and anxiety problems in the IC/BPS population,along with sleep problems and the tendency to catastrophizing.CONCLUSION Psychotherapies targeting catastrophizing and life stress emotional awareness and expression reduced perceived pain in women with IC/BPS.Such concepts should be considered when implementing treatments aimed at reducing IC/BPS-related pain.

Severe acute kidney injury due to oxalate crystal induced severe interstitial nephritis:A case report

BACKGROUND Acute kidney injury(AKI)due to interstitial nephritis is a known condition primarily attributed to various medications.While medication-induced interstitial nephritis is common,occurrences due to non-pharmacological factors are rare.This report presents a case of severe AKI triggered by intratubular oxalate crystal deposition,leading to interstitial nephritis.The aim is to outline the case and its management,emphasizing the significance of recognizing uncommon causes of interstitial nephritis.CASE SUMMARY A 71-year-old female presented with stroke-like symptoms,including weakness,speech difficulties,and cognitive impairment.Chronic hypertension had been managed with hydrochlorothiazide(HCTZ)for over two decades.Upon admis-sion,severe hypokalemia and AKI were noted,prompting discontinuation of HCTZ and initiation of prednisolone for acute interstitial nephritis.Further investigations,including kidney biopsy,confirmed severe acute interstitial nephritis with oxalate crystal deposits as the underlying cause.Despite treatment,initial renal function showed minimal improvement.However,with prednisolone therapy and supportive measures,her condition gradually improved,high-lighting the importance of comprehensive management.CONCLUSION This case underscores the importance of a thorough diagnostic approach in identifying and addressing uncommon causes of interstitial nephritis.The occurrence of interstitial nephritis due to oxalate crystal deposition,especially without typical risk factors,emphasizes the need for vigilance in clinical practice.

Nodular Pulmonary Amyloidosis with Interstitial Lung Disease—Case Report and Literature Review

Amyloidosis is a rare spectrum of disease which involves deposition of misfolded extracellular proteins (amyloids) in various body organs leading to progressive organ dysfunction. Clinical presentation can be variable depending on the organ involved and type of protein. Amyloidosis can be classified based on quantity, type, and location of these proteins. Amyloid light-chain amyloidosis develops in the bone marrow, producing abnormal forms of light-chain proteins, which cannot be broken down. These proteins transform into amyloid fibrils and form amyloid deposits in different organs. Pulmonary amyloidosis is uncommonly diagnosed since it is rarely symptomatic. Diagnosis of pulmonary amyloidosis is usually made in the setting of systemic amyloidosis;however, it may present as localised pulmonary disease. Localized pulmonary Amyloidosis can present as nodular, cystic, or tracheobronchial amyloidosis. Depending on the degree of the interstitial involvement, it may affect alveolar gas exchange and cause respiratory symptoms. This is a case of a 47-year-old female with background history of interstitial lung disease presenting with progressive shortness of breath. Computed tomography scan revealed bilateral pulmonary nodules. The patient was referred to our thoracic surgery team with the suspicion of bronchogenic malignancy with metastasis. Diagnostic video assisted wedge resection was performed for this patient, and histology confirmed pulmonary amyloidosis of nodular type. Amyloid deposition simulates both inflammatory and neoplastic conditions. Definitive diagnosis requires biopsy confirmation therefore early detection and commencing the patient on appropriate treatment pathway may help in symptomatic relief and better outcome.

Effect of N-Acetylcysteine Combined with Lung Rehabilitation Therapy on Exercise Endurance and Quality of Life of Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis-Related Interstitial Lung Disease

Objective:To explore the effect of N-acetylcysteine combined with lung rehabilitation therapy on exercise endurance and quality of life in patients with rheumatoid arthritis-related interstitial lung disease(RA-ILD).Methods:Fifty-six patients with RA-ILD admitted to Xijing Hospital from May 2022 to January 2024 were randomly divided into two groups:a non-rehabilitation group and a pulmonary rehabilitation group,with 28 patients in each group.Both groups received routine treatment.Additionally,the non-rehabilitation group received N-acetylcysteine treatment,while the lung rehabilitation group received lung rehabilitation treatment in addition to N-acetylcysteine.The improvement in exercise endurance and dyspnea between the two groups after treatment was compared and the quality of life of the patients was observed.Results:After treatment,the exercise endurance score in the lung rehabilitation group(335.67±45.29)was higher than that in the non-rehabilitation group(P<0.05).The dyspnea score in the lung rehabilitation group(0.72±0.16)was lower than that in the non-rehabilitation group(P<0.05).Additionally,FVC(3.18±0.58 L),FEV1(2.28±0.56 L),FEV1/FVC(69.69±5.56),and DLCO(60.53±5.92 mL/mmHg/min)were higher in the lung rehabilitation group compared to the non-rehabilitation group after treatment(P<0.05).Conclusion:Lung rehabilitation therapy combined with N-acetylcysteine treatment can effectively improve dyspnea symptoms,lung function,and exercise endurance in patients with RA-ILD.This approach helps to improve patient’s quality of life and is beneficial for their prognosis.

Correlation Analysis Between Changes of D-Dimer Level and Rheumatoid Arthritis Complicated with Interstitial Lung Disease

Objective:To explore the correlation between the change of D-dimer level and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease.Methods:From January 2022 to February 2024,20 rheumatoid arthritis patients complicated with interstitial lung disease(interstitial lung disease group),20 rheumatoid arthritis patients without interstitial lung disease(without interstitial lung disease group),and 20 healthy people(control group)in Xijing Hospital were selected for this study.The fasting venous blood of the three groups of subjects was collected and their D-dimer,C-reactive protein(CRP),rheumatoid factor(RF),and erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR)were detected.Subsequently,the correlation between each index and rheumatoid arthritis complicated with interstitial lung disease was analyzed.Results:The D-dimer level of the interstitial lung disease group was significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The D-dimer level of the group without interstitial lung disease was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).CRP levels in the interstitial lung disease group and the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).The ESR and RF levels of the interstitial lung disease group were significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05).The levels of ESR and RF levels of the group without interstitial lung disease were significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:D-dimer levels of rheumatoid arthritis patients are higher than those of healthy individuals,and those complicated with interstitial lung disease present even higher levels.This finding shows that there is a correlation between D-dimer levels and rheumatoid arthritis with interstitial lung disease,which may facilitate the evaluation and diagnosis of this disease.

超声引导下无水乙醇联合微波序贯消融治疗对良性甲状腺囊实性结节疗效的影响因素及并发症分析

目的:旨在探讨影响序贯消融对良性甲状腺囊实性结节疗效的相关因素,并分析该治疗方法术后并发症的发生原因。方法:回顾性分析329个接受序贯消融治疗的良性甲状腺囊实性结节。探究结节囊实性分类、囊液性质类型、术前症状评分及结节囊性部分有无分隔等对序贯消融治疗良性甲状腺囊实性结节疗效的组间差异,并分析各组间的独立影响因素。结果:结节囊实性分类、囊液性质类型等在不同疗效组间具有统计学差异;囊液性质类型是影响序贯消融良性甲状腺囊实性结节有效与否的独立影响因素;结节囊实性分类及结节囊性部分有无分隔是影响序贯消融良性甲状腺囊实性结节治疗有效者治愈与否的独立影响因素。结论:序贯消融对甲状腺囊实性结节疗效受到结节囊实性分类、囊液性质类型及囊性部分有无分隔的影响。

扶正化浊汤联合甲状腺片治疗对甲状腺结节大小及疗效的影响

目的探讨扶正化浊汤治疗甲状腺结节(TN)对结节大小的影响。方法TN患者106例,随机均分为观察组和对照组,对照组给予左甲状腺素钠片常规治疗,观察组在对照组基础上同时增加扶正化浊汤治疗;于治疗前、治疗3个月时,对2组患者进行中医主症评分,采用彩色多普勒超声仪记录2组患者结节数目、最大直径、结节体积、血流阻力指数(RI)及搏动指数(PI),同时采集患者外周静脉血4 mL,检测促甲状腺激素(TSH)、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(FT3)、游离四碘甲腺原氨酸(FT4)及血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平,治疗3个月后评估2组患者的西医疗效,记录2组治疗期间恶心、呕吐、皮疹及口干等不良反应发生情况。结果治疗后3个月,2组中医主症评分均较治疗前下降,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组比较,2组TN患者治疗3个月后结节数目减少、结节最大直径和结节体积均降低,且观察组低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗后3个月,观察组TSH低于对照组,FT 3、FT 4高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗3个月后,观察组VEGF、RI、PI低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组西医疗效和中医证候疗效中的临床痊愈和总有效率均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);比较观察组与对照组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论扶正化浊汤治疗TN疗效显著,可有效减轻患者症状,减小结节数目及大小,调节甲状腺功能,改善血流状况,降低VEGF表达,且安全性高。

适碘地区老年人甲状腺结节的患病率及危险因素调查

目的:调查江苏适碘地区农村老年人群甲状腺结节和甲状腺癌的患病率,并分析甲状腺结节患病的危险因素。方法:采用整群抽样的方法对江苏适碘地区进行横断面调查研究,选取2 590例60岁及以上的常驻居民进行体检与生化检查,采用甲状腺影像学报告及数据系统(Thyroid Imaging Reporting And Data System,TI-RADS)分类方法对甲状腺结节进行分类评估,并对部分甲状腺结节进行超声引导下活检病理检查,采用Logistic回归分析甲状腺结节的危险因素。结果:2 590例受者中共检出甲状腺结节883例,总体患病率为34.09%(883/2 590),女性患病率明显高于男性(χ^(2)=27.885,P=0.000),有甲状腺结节组和无甲状腺结节组相比,身高、体质指数、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、空腹胰岛素、甘油三酯、25羟维生素D差异有统计学意义(分别为t=5.337、P=0.000,t=-5.160、P=0.000,t=-2.341、P=0.019,t=-4.993、P=0.000,t=-2.384、P=0.020,t=-2.940、P=0.003,t=6.432,P=0.000)。男性甲状腺结节的患病率随年龄的增加而增加。老年人甲状腺癌的总体检出率为0.34%。Logistic回归分析结果显示,体质指数和糖化血红蛋白是甲状腺结节患病的危险因素(OR=1.054,95%CI=1.028~1.081,P<0.01;OR=1.257,95%CI=1.117~1.414,P<0.01)。结论:甲状腺结节是老年人常见的甲状腺疾病,但甲状腺癌的患病率总体较低。糖脂代谢紊乱与甲状腺结节的患病密切相关。

甲状腺结节超声恶性危险分层指南对甲状腺乳头状癌的诊断价值:C-TIRADS与ATA指南比较

目的探讨甲状腺结节超声恶性危险分层中国指南(C-TIRADS)和美国甲状腺协会(ATA)指南对甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)的诊断价值。资料与方法回顾性收集2019年7月—2021年5月联勤保障部队第九〇九医院甲状腺结节术后且有明确病理结果的259例患者(339个结节),分为甲状腺良性结节组150例(210个结节)和PTC组109例(129个结节),分析两组一般资料和结节声像图特征,分别用两种指南对结节进行分类并与手术病理结果进行对照,绘制受试者工作特征曲线评价两种指南对PTC的诊断价值。结果两组恶性声像图特征中,实性、边缘模糊/不规则或甲状腺外侵犯、垂直位、低或极低回声、微钙化差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=123.67、132.71、103.82、4.58、137.93,P均<0.05),以PTC组多见;与C-TIRADS不同,ATA指南对61个结节(61/339,17.99%)分类不明确;C-TIRADS和ATA指南的曲线下面积分别为0.952(0.924~0.972)、0.942(0.911~0.964),差异无统计学意义(Z=0.943,P=0.346);两者的最佳截断值为4b类和高度可疑,C-TIRADS的敏感度最高[0.930(120/129)比0.822(106/129)],ATA指南的特异度最高[0.857(180/210)比0.943(198/210)],差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)=6.99、8.57,P均<0.01),两组准确度[0.885(300/339)比0.897(300/339)]差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.24,P=0.622)。结论C-TIRADS和ATA指南对PTC均有很高的诊断效能,但C-TIRADS适用于所有甲状腺结节的声像图表现,且受超声医师临床经验影响小,更易在临床推广使用。

健康体检人群甲状腺结节检出情况及发病的影响因素

目的调查健康体检人群甲状腺结节(TNs)检出情况,并分析其影响因素,为早期防治TNs提供参考依据。方法选取2022年1月1日至2023年4月30日15393例健康体检人群,均进行多普勒超声检查,按年龄分层及性别统计TNs患病率,通过单因素及多因素logistic回归方程分析TNs影响因素。结果15393例健康体检者,共检查出5001例TNs,检出率为32.49%(5001/15393)。男性不同年龄组TNs检出率均低于女性(P<0.05)。健康人群随着年龄增长TNs检出率呈升高趋势(P<0.05)。两组体重指数、收缩压、舒张压、空腹血糖(FPG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、高脂血症、糖尿病、代谢综合征、脂肪肝、焦虑、抑郁比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。年龄、性别、糖尿病、脂代谢综合征、脂肪肝、焦虑、抑郁均为TNs独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论健康体检人群TNs检出率较高,主要与年龄、性别、糖尿病、脂代谢综合征、脂肪肝、焦虑、抑郁等因素有关,临床应在健康体检中普及甲状腺彩超检查项目,以实现对甲状腺疾病的尽早防治。

胸部低剂量CT对<3cm的肺结节良恶性鉴别诊断价值研究

目的:探讨胸部低剂量CT对<3cm的肺结节良恶性鉴别诊断效能以及影像特征。方法:回顾性分析2019年3月—2022年10月收治的134例肺结节患者,均进行胸部低剂量CT检查,比较良恶性结节影像特征、CT值,以皮肺穿刺活检术结果为金标准,分析胸部低剂量CT对良恶性结节的准确率,用ROC曲线,分析30s CT值、90s CT值、180s CT值预测效能。结果:胸部低剂量CT准确率96.27%,良性结节以胸膜凹陷征、钙化为主;恶性结节以分叶征、毛刺征、血管集束征为主。良性病变30s、90s、180s CT值低于恶性病变(P<0.05),经ROC曲线分析,30s CT值、90s CT值、180s CT值及三项联合早期预测良恶性结节的AUC分别为0.921、0.921、0.898、0.985。结论:在鉴别<3cm的肺结节良恶性结节时,运用胸部低剂量CT所受辐射伤害更小,安全性更高,且能够为早期发现恶性病变提供科学指导。

快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式在 肺结节围术期患者护理中的应用

目的观察肺结节围术期护理中实施快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式的效果。方法选取行手术治疗的肺结节患者180例,采取随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组90例。对照组患者应用常规护理,观察组实施快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式。比较2组患者术后时间结局指标、术前焦虑情况、家庭负担及术后训练积极性。结果观察组患者胸管留置时间及住院总时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);干预后,观察组患者阿姆斯特丹术前焦虑与信息量表(APAIS)及疾病家庭负担量表(FBS)得分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者术后训练积极度水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论实施快速康复理念下家庭参与式护理模式有利于促进肺结节手术患者早期康复,缓解患者术前焦虑情况,减轻家庭负担,提高患者术后康复训练积极性。

甲状腺良性结节单次微波消融治疗的短期疗效评价

目的评价甲状腺良性结节单次微波消融治疗的短期效果。方法选择2019年6月~2022年12月在西安交通大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科诊治的甲状腺良性结节患者,采用微波消融治疗的连续病例,具有完善的随访数据者纳入分析。治疗后1个月复查甲状腺功能,治疗后3个月、6个月、1年复查超声和甲状腺功能,计算结节体积缩小率(volume reduction rate,VRR)。以1年内末次随访结果为结局变量,纳入性别、年龄、是否合并桥本甲状腺炎、结节纵径、结节实性体积等自变量,进行单因素和多因素分析。结果总计纳入151例患者,共计163个结节,围手术期并发症发生率为1.99%(3/151),治疗后6个月VRR为(79.58±17.70)%,6个月治疗成功率为93.43%(128/137),治疗后1年VRR为(81.24±24.29)%,1年治疗成功率为92.77%(77/83)。单因素及多因素分析显示,结节实性体积和年龄是影响消融后VRR的独立影响因素,年龄的回归系数为0.34,实性体积的回归系数为-0.47,P均<0.05,结节实性体积每增加1 cm3,1年内VRR(%)减少0.47。回归方程:1年内VRR=68.92+0.34×年龄-0.47×实性体积。消融治疗后6个月内血清FT4逐渐下降,促甲状腺激素(TSH)逐渐升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),6个月后FT4逐渐恢复至正常水平,TSH亦逐渐恢复,但至治疗后1年时仍未达到术前水平;治疗后FT3逐渐减低,但各个时间点数值之间差异无统计学意义(P=0.40)。甲状腺结节消融治疗后,甲状腺功能指标平均值出现波动,但均在正常参考范围内。结论甲状腺良性结节微波消融治疗是一种安全有效的治疗方式,其总体治疗成功率可达90%以上。结节实性体积和年龄是影响甲状腺良性结节微波消融效果的独立影响因素。

人工智能定量肺结节参数与肺腺癌浸润程度的相关性分析

目的探讨人工智能(AI)定量肺结节参数与肺腺癌浸润程度的相关性。方法选取2021年1月—2023年1月医院收治的138例肺腺癌患者(共138个肺结节),根据肺腺癌浸润程度将其分为两组,浸润性腺癌(IAC)归为A组(n=60),微浸润性腺癌(MIA)、原位腺癌(AIS)及非典型腺瘤样增生(AAH)归为B组(n=78)。所有患者均行CT扫描,AI肺结节检测系统分析扫描数据,比较两组AI定量肺结节参数,分析AI定量肺结节参数与肺腺癌浸润程度的关系。结果A组肺结节短径、肺结节长径、最大CT值、最小CT值、平均CT值及恶性概率均高于B组(P<0.05);Logistic回归分析显示,各项AI定量肺结节参数升高均是加重肺腺癌浸润程度的独立危险因素(P<0.05);上述AI定量肺结节参数联合预测绘制ROC曲线分析显示联合检测预测准确率最高,其AUC为0.995;Spearman相关性分析显示,AI定量肺结节参数均与肺腺癌浸润程度呈正相关关系(P<0.05)。结论AI定量肺结节参数对浸润性肺腺癌预测价值较高,且与肺腺癌浸润程度具有一定相关性。

从肝脾论治甲状腺良性结节研究进展

甲状腺结节为常见的内分泌系统疾病,多为良性结节。西医对于甲状腺结节缺乏有效的治疗措施,对于部分病情严重的患者可进行手术治疗,但相关并发症较多。中医认为,甲状腺结节的发生与患者情志失调密切相关,而情志畅达与肝脏气机调畅密切相关,患者情志抑郁可致肝气郁结,日久使得脾胃生化功能失调,肝郁脾虚则水液输布失常,痰气瘀结于颈前而发为“瘿病”,因此,从疏肝理气、健脾利水、化痰消瘀为基本原则,治疗甲状腺结节能取得良好的效果。