Effects of Chinese Medicine on the Number of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes and Goblet Cells of Intestinal Villus of Heat Stress Layers

[ Objective] To study the effects of Chinese herbal additives on the number of intraepithelial lymphocyte and goblet cells of intestinal villus of heat stress layers. [Method] 180 healthy 88-day-old ISA brown egg roosters were selected and randomly divided into nine treatment groups, nor- mal temperature control group, high temperature control group, VC group, prescription one high-dose group, prescription one middle-dose group, prescription one low-dose group, prescription two high-dose group, prescription two middle-dose group, prescription two low-dose group, respec- tively. Prescription one and two groups were respectively fed with low, medium and high concentrations of the three doses of Chinese herbal ex- tracts, and VC group was fed with the VC in aqueous solution. Histological sections conventional technology and HE staining method were used to observe the number of intraepithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells in each sections of small intestine of chicken. [ Result] The number of chicken in- testinal epithelial lymphocytes and goblet cells showed a gradually decreasing trend in a high-temperature state. [ Conclusion] Prescription one and two groups could promote the cytopoiesis of goblet cells and lymphocytes, and the effect of prescription two was the best. Moreover, Adding the Chinese herbs had good effects on relieving the heat stress of layers.

Effect of Alemtuzumab on Intestinal Intraepithelial Lymphocytes and Intestinal Barrier Function in Cynomolgus Model

Background：Alemtuzumab has been used in organ transplantation and a variety of hematologic malignancies （especially for the treatment of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia）.However,serious infectious complications frequently occur after treatment.The reason for increased infections postalemtuzumab treatment is unknown at this stage.We explore the effect ofalemtuzumab on intestinal intraepithelial lymphocytes （IELs） and intestinal barrier function in cynomolgus model to explain the reason of infection following alemtuzumab treatment.Methods：Twelve male cynomolguses were randomly assigned to either a treatment or control group.The treatment group received alemtuzumab （3 mg/kg,intravenous injection） while the control group received the same volume of physiological saline.Intestinal IELs were isolated from the control group and the treatment group （on day 9,35,and 70 after treatment） for counting and flow cytometric analysis.Moreover,intestinal permeability was monitored by enzymatic spectrophotometric technique and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results：The numbers of IELs were decreased significantly on day 9 after treatment compared with the control group （0.35 ± 0.07 × 10^8 and 1.35 ± 0.09 × 10^8,respectively; P 〈 0.05） and were not fully restored until day 70 after treatment.There were significant differences among four groups considering IELs subtypes.In addition,the proportion ofapoptotic IELs after alemtuzumab treatment was significantly higher than in the control group （22.01 ± 3.67 and 6.01 ± 1.42,respectively; P 〈 0.05）.Moreover,the concentration of D-lactate and endotoxin was also increased significantly on day 9 after treatment.Conclusions：Alemtuzumab treatment depletes lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and intestine of cynomolgus model.The induction of apoptosis is an important mechanism of lymphocyte depletion after alemtuzumab treatment.Notably,intestinal barrier function may be disrupted after alemtuzumab treatment.