Relationship between Waist Circumference and Elevation of Carotid Intima-media Thickness in Newly-diagnosed Diabetic Patients

Objective Waist circumference, as a brief indicator of visceral obesity, is associated with multi-metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. The present study was aimed to find out the relationship between waist circumference and carotid intima media thickness （C-IMT）, as well as the best waist circumference cutoff for identifying C-IMT elevation in Chinese male patients with newly-diagnosed diabetes. Methods Five hundred and seventy-eight patients from Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism in Shanghai Sixth People＇s Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University were enrolled. Both physical examination （for measurement of waist circumference） and carotid ultrasonography （for measurement of C-IMT） were performed. Results After grouping according to the quartiles of C-IMT, the waist circumference increased across all its quartiles. The waist circumference in 3rd and 4th quartiles （90.7_＋9.8 cm and 90.8＋9.6 cm） was significant higher than in 1st and 2nd quartiles （P〈0.05）. When subjects were divided into 4 groups according to waist circumference, the C-IMT of subjects with waist circumference 90-95 cm was significant higher than that of subjects with waist circumference 85-90 cm and less than 85 cm respectively （P〈0.05）. Both spearman and partial correlation analysis showed that C-IMT was positively correlated with waist circumference （P〈0.01）. C-IMT was found significantly elevated with the increase of waist circumference. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that waist circumference was one of the independent risk factors of C-IMT. After an average of 2.23_＋0.85 years follow up, there was a significant elevation of C-IMT in the group with baseline waist circumference over 90 cm P〈0.05）, while no significant difference was detected in the group with baseline waist circumference less than 90 cm （P=0.27）. Logistic regression showed that baseline waist circumference over 90 cm was associated with a relative risk to C-IMT elevation of 1.132 （95% CI 1.043-1.431, P〈0.05）. Conclusion Among newly-diagnosed diabetic male patients, waist circumference over 90 cm not only reflects sub-clinical atherosclerosis in early stage, but also predicts the progression of atherosclerosis.

Correlation between Waist Circumference and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in Women from Shanghai, China

Objective To evaluate whether waist circumference （WC） 〉85 cm is related to asymptomatic preclinical atherosclerosis in women from Shanghai, China. Methods A total of 2365 females aged 〉20 years recruited from 4 communities underwent physical examination and carotid artery scanning. Their carotid intima-media thickness （C-iMT） was measured. Results The C-IMT was significantly higher in overweight or obese women with their BMI 〉25.0 kg/m2 {P〈O.01） and in those with their WC _〉85 cm than in those with their WC 〈85 cm （P〈O.01）. Spearman and partial correlation analysis showed that the C-IMT was significantly correlated with WC which was independent of menopausal status. The C-IMT significantly increased with the increasing WC and reached to a platform in about 85 cm. An increment tendency was found in the subgroup with its WC 〈 85 cm （P〈O.01） while no significant tendency was found in the subgroup with its WC_〉85 cm （P=0.07）. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the WC was an independent risk factor for C-IMT. In logistic regression model, the odd ratio of WC _〉80 cm, _〉80 cm and 〈85 cm and 〉85 cm for evaluating the risk of C-IMT elevation was 2.632, 2.501, and 1.878, respectively. Conclusion WC is significantly correlated with C-IMT in women from Shanghai, China, and WC_〉85 cm may be used in identifying the risk of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.

Ultrasound Assessraent of Intima-media Thickness and Diameter of Carotid Arteries in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis or Renal Transplantation

Renal transplant （RT） recipients have a high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. However, the effects of renal transplantation on the development of arteriosclerosis have been controversial. The carotid intima-media thickness （CIMT） and diameter （CD） are important indicators of vascular remodeling and arteriosclerosis. In this study, 31 patients with hemodialysis （HD）, 31 RT recipients and 84 age- and gender-matched control subjects were enrolled. Their CIMT and CD were measured by ultrasonic radiofrequency tracking, and the linear regression models and Z test were used to identify the progression of arteriosclerosis and the risk factors. Compared with HD group, RT group had significantly lower CIMT and CD. CIMT was found to be associated with age, body weight, resistance index and diastolic velocity, while CD was associated significantly with age, body weight, pulsatility index, end diastolic velocity and diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, respectively. The correlation curves between CIMT and age showed the slopes of curves were decreased successively in control, RT and HD groups, and the curves between CD and age showed the slopes were decreased in order of RT 〉 control 〉 HD groups. It was concluded that CIMT and CD were significantly correlated with age in RT and moderately with age in HD patients. RT could reduce the progress of arteriosclerosis in patients with end-stage renal disease.

Relationship between Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Diabetes Clinical Risk Factors among Normotensive Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus among Native Black African Population

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus is frequently associated with atherosclerosis with changes in the thickness of the intima-media of carotid arteries which causes increased risk of cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in this group of patients. The carotid artery reflects the degree of atherosclerosis in the various vessels especially coronary arteries. Measurement of the carotid artery thickness with real time, relatively cheap and non-invasive ultrasonography method is used in monitoring atherosclerotic disease progression and response to treatment. This study is aimed at ultrasonographic evaluation of the carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in adult Type 2 Diabetic patients compared to non-diabetic healthy controls matched for age, gender and body mass index (BMI). And to also determine its association if any with selected clinical factors among a native Black African population. Methodology: This was a prospective case control study involving 54 adult type 2 diabetics and 54 adult non-diabetic controls. CIMT was measured at 3 segments of the extracranial carotid arteries by a 7.5 - 10 MHz linear transducer of a portable Mindray M5 ultrasound machine. Results: Among the native black African population studied, there was significant difference in CIMT of adult type 2 diabetics compared to healthy non-diabetics adults (p value = 0.012 and 0.001 on the right and left respectively). The mean carotid intima-media thickness in diabetics was 0.81 mm and 0.85 mm, while in non-diabetics it was 0.74 mm and 0.75 mm on the right and left respectively. The presence of diabetes showed independent positive correlation with CIMT (beta: 0.24, p value = 0.004). Age (beta: 0.30, p value = 0.001) and plasma cholesterol level (beta: 0.30, p value = 0.013) also had positive correlation with CIMT. Conclusion: There was statistically significant difference in carotid intima-media thickness between adult type 2 diabetics and age, sex matched non-diabetics. DM showed independent correlation with CIMT.

Clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness in a population with type 1 and type 2 diabetes: A cross-sectional study

AIM To determine the clinical and dietary predictors of common carotid artery intima media thickness(CCA IMT) in a cohort of subjects with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. METHODS Participants with type 1(n = 23) and type 2 diabetes(n = 127) had mean and mean maximum CCA IMT measured using B mode ultrasound. Dietary intake was measured using a food frequency questionnaire. Clinical and dietary predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were determined using linear regression analysis adjusted for potential confounders. RESULTS The main predictors of mean and mean maximum CCA IMT were age and weight. After multivariate adjustment there were no dietary predictors of CCA IMT. However,in subjects that were not prescribed a lipid lowering medication alcohol consumption was positively associated with CCA IMT after multivariate adjustment. No difference existed in CCA IMT between subjects with type 1 or type 2 diabetes once age was adjusted for. CONCLUSION CCA IMT was predominantly predicted by age and weight in these subjects with diabetes. The finding that CCA IMT was not different between people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes warrants further investigation in a larger cohort.

Determining factors for carotid mean/max intima-media thickness and brachial flow-mediated dilation in healthy young women

Background: Many factors can contribute to atherosclerotic-type vascular changes in older individuals or men. Thus, confining the investigation to young women with no clinical evidence of the condition could enhance understanding of the early stages of cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to determine whether carotid mean/max intima-media thickness (IMT) and brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) values, which are well-known event-related indices, are associated with laboratory data and the other vascular indices of atherosclerosis in healthy young women. Methods: Carotid mean/max IMT and brachial FMD were measured in young women with no clinical evidence of atherosclerosis (n = 110;mean age, 39 years) who were instructed not to eat, drink or smoke after 9 PM the evening before testing. All participants also underwent laboratory assessment, including simultaneous measurements of arterial stiffness such as augmentation index (AI), cardioankle vascular index (CAVI) and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: Mean IMT was signifi-cantly and positively associated with age (p = 0.002), CAVI (p = 0.044), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C, p = 0.047) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP, p = 0.002) values but was not related to FMD, AI, baPWV or triglycerides (TG) in the multivariate regression analysis. Similarly, max IMT was positively associated with age (p p = 0.003) and hs-CRP (p = 0.005) values but was not related to FMD, AI, CAVI, baPWV, TG or blood pressure level in the multivariate regression analysis. The association between LDL-C and max IMT was much stronger than that between LDL-C and mean IMT. Brachial FMD was positively associated only with heart rate in the multivariate regression analysis. Conclusions: These results suggest that mean IMT more closely represents the sclerotic aspect of vascular change, whereas max IMT represents the atherotic aspect in healthy young women. Although the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and heart rate is well-known, there may be a complex interaction between the autonomic nervous system and endothelial function.

Relationship between peripheral arterial disease, carotid intima-media thickness and C-reactive protein in elderly diabetic patients

Purpose: To study the association between carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and high sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP) level as markers for PAD in elderly patients with DM. Subjects: A case-control study on 90 participants aged 60 years and older divided into 60 cases (30 patients with DM alone and 30 patients with DM and comorbidities) and 30 healthy controls. All were assessed by measuring CIMT, ankle brachial index (AB), and markers for cardiovascular disease such as high-sensitivity CRP (hs-CRP), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low density lipoprotein (LDL). Results: hs-CRP levels showed statistically significant difference being highest among patients with DM and comorbidities and lowest among controls (P < 0.001). Also, symptoms of PAD were significantly higher among cases than controls. ABI was able to detect PAD in many asymptomatic patients. Color changes were present in only 43.30% (n = 26) of positive PAD cases while delayed wound healing, claudication pain, rest pain, cold extremities, and trophic changes were present in 23.30% (n = 14), 16.71% (n = 10), 16.71% (n = 10), 45.00% (n = 27), and 21.7% (n = 13). Using logistic regression analysis revealed that DM, CIMT, and hs-CRP were independent predictors for PAD (OR = 4.194, 7.236, 1.003;P value = 0.044, 0.25, 0.031) after adjustment of other coronary risk factors such as sex, smoking, hypertension, TC, and TG. Conclusion: Diabetic elderly have higher prevalence of asymptomatic PAD thannon-diabetics using solely ABI. DM, CIMT, and hs-CRP are independent predictors for the occurrence of PAD. Hs-CRP levels are highest among diabetics with comorbidities.

TyG和TyG-BMI与冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化的相关性

目的分析冠心病患者颈动脉粥样硬化与TyG及TyG-BMI的关系。方法选取2021年1月~2022年12月天津市人民医院心内科收治并进行冠脉造影和颈动脉超声检查患者592例为研究对象。依据冠脉造影结果分为正常对照组(n=103)及CAD组(n=489)。收集患者临床资料,计算TyG指数和TyG-BMI水平。分析TyG和TyG-BMI与冠心病患者颈动脉病变程度的相关性。结果与正常对照组比较,CAD组TyG指数和TyGBMI水平明显升高(均P<0.01)。按照Gensini评分三分位数将患者分为三组,中分组(均P<0.05)和高分组(均P<0.01)TyG指数和TyG-BMI水平显著高于低分组。高分组TyG指数和TyG-BMI水平显著高于中分组(均P<0.01)。Spearman相关性分析显示TyG与TyG-BMI和Gensini评分呈现正相关,且TyG指数关联性更强(均P<0.01)。与颈动脉正常组相比,颈动脉粥样硬化组TyG指数更高(P<0.01),TyG-BMI更高(P<0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析发现年龄(OR=1.114,95%CI:1.05~1.18,P<0.01)与高血压(OR=2.913,95%CI:1.27~6.70,P<0.05)是颈动脉粥样硬化的独立危险因素),HDL-C(OR=0.108,95%CI:0.03~0.43,P<0.01)是保护因素。多元Logistic回归分析结果提示高水平TyG和TyG-BMI是颈动脉斑块形成的危险因素。以颈动脉正常为参照,排除混杂因素(如性别、年龄、BMI、收缩压、吸烟史、高血压病史、糖尿病史、药物服用情况)后,高TyG指数组CAD患者发生颈动脉斑块形成的风险是低TyG组的2.56倍,高TyG-BMI组发生颈动脉斑块的风险是低水平TyG-BMI组的4.35倍。Spearman相关性分析发现,TyG指数和颈动脉斑块厚度呈显著正相关(P<0.05),而TyGBMI和斑块厚度无相关。ROC曲线分析结果显示,TyG指数对冠心病患者合并颈动脉斑块形成具有较好的预测价值。结论TyG指数和TyG-BMI是冠心病患者颈动脉斑块形成的危险因素,且TyG指数对颈动脉斑块的预测价值优于TyG-BMI。

非酒精性脂肪性肝病严重程度与颈动脉斑块、内-中膜厚度相关性研究及危险因素分析

目的:探讨非酒精性脂肪性肝病(NAFLD)严重程度与颈动脉斑块、内-中膜厚度(cIMT)之间的关系,并分析其危险因素。方法:收集2021年1至11月行肝脏、颈动脉超声检查并诊断为NAFLD的患者154例,评估患者NAFLD严重程度、颈动脉斑块及血管狭窄程度测量患者cIMT值,计算肝纤维化评分,并进行统计学分析。结果:NAFLD轻度组患者cIMT值、血管狭窄发生率低于中-重度组患者(W=6905.500,P<0.001);有颈动脉斑块组患者cIMT值明显高于无颈动脉斑块组患者(W=3361.500,P<0.001);BMI是NAFLD严重程度的独立危险因素,年龄和NAFLD严重程度是cIMT的独立危险因素,年龄、高血压、肝纤维化评分是颈动脉斑块出现的独立危险因素,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:NAFLD患者cIMT的增加、颈动脉狭窄与NAFLD严重程度有关,其颈动脉斑块发生率与cIMT呈正相关。另外,其肝纤维化评分增加,对颈动脉斑块出现也有提示意义。

新型降糖药与2型糖尿病患者颈动脉内膜-中层厚度关系

2型糖尿病(T2DM)是心血管疾病发生的主要危险因素,可使冠心病和卒中的患病风险增加2倍,老年人中尤为常见。目前对降糖药物研究已经从降低血糖发展为探究独立于降糖作用以外心血管获益阶段。颈动脉内膜-中层厚度(CIMT)是动脉粥样硬化的替代指标,在预测未来心血管事件中具有一定意义。本文综述新型降糖药物对CIMT的影响,揭示CIMT在T2DM临床治疗中的价值。

Lp-PLA2和SAA与急性脑梗死患者颈动脉内中膜厚度的相关性研究

目的探究脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lipoprotein-associated Phospholipase A2,Lp-PLA2)和血清淀粉样蛋白A(Serum Amyloidprotein A,SAA)与急性脑梗死患者颈动脉内中膜厚度的相关性。方法选择2022年1—12月于揭阳市神经内科住院治疗的100例急性脑梗死患者作为病例组,选择100例同期体检健康者作为对照组。对比病例组和对照组Lp-PLA2、SAA水平,比较不同颈动脉内中膜厚度患者的Lp-PLA2、SAA水平并进行相关性分析。结果病例组的Lp-PLA2、SAA水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);内膜正常组LpPLA2水平(248.41±25.46)μg/L、内膜增厚组(278.38±27.31)μg/L及斑块形成组(302.15±30.80)μg/L依次升高;内膜正常组SAA水平(52.12±15.46)mg/L、内膜增厚组(68.46±18.49)mg/L及斑块形成组(76.24±19.31)mg/L依次升高,差异有统计学意义(F=3.542、3.165,P均<0.05);相关性分析结果显示Lp-PLA2和SAA与急性脑梗死患者颈动脉内中膜厚度的相关性呈正相关(P均<0.05)。结论Lp-PLA2和SAA与急性脑梗死患者颈动脉内中膜厚度具有正相关,因此需根据患者Lp-PLA2和SAA水平对其进行及时的治疗,以防止疾病恶化。

颈动脉内中膜厚度联合血清半乳凝集素-3和正五聚蛋白3对银屑病患者并发心血管疾病的诊断价值

目的探讨颈动脉内中膜厚度(cIMT)联合血清半乳凝集素-3(Gal-3)和正五聚蛋白3(PTX3)对银屑病患者并发心血管疾病(CVD)的诊断价值。方法将38例银屑病伴CVD患者纳入CVD组,将51例单纯银屑病患者纳入银屑病组,另选取同期60例健康体检者纳入对照组。收集各组临床资料,使用颈动脉彩超检测cIMT,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测血清Gal-3、PTX3和炎性指标[超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、降钙素原(PCT)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)]水平。采用多因素Logistic回归分析明确银屑病患者并发CVD的影响因素,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评估血清Gal-3、PTX3和cIMT对CVD的诊断价值。结果CVD组、银屑病组cIMT大于对照组,且CVD组大于银屑病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CVD组和银屑病组血清Gal-3、PTX3、hs-CRP、PCT、TNF-α水平高于对照组,且CVD组高于银屑病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CVD组银屑病皮损面积和严重程度指数(PASI)评分高于银屑病组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson积矩相关分析结果显示,cIMT、Gal-3、PTX3均分别与hs-CRP、PCT、TNF-α呈正相关(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,PASI评分、cIMT、Gal-3、PTX3、hs-CRP、TNF-α均为银屑病患者并发CVD的独立影响因素(OR=1.250、1.451、1.432、1.365、1.413、1.465,P<0.05)。基于cIMT和血清Gal-3、PTX3联合构建的诊断模型对银屑病患者并发CVD的诊断价值高于单独诊断,曲线下面积为0.922,灵敏度、特异度分别为0.91、0.85。结论cIMT、血清Gal-3、血清PTX3是银屑病患者并发CVD的独立影响因素,三者联用对银屑病患者并发CVD具有较高的诊断价值。

类风湿关节炎患者血清miR-140-5p、VEGF水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性分析

目的分析类风湿关节炎患者血清微小RNA-140-5p(miR-140-5p)、血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平与动脉粥样硬化的相关性。方法选取2022年1月至2023年9月该院收治的类风湿关节炎患者80例为研究组,根据颈动脉超声是否存在中层厚度增厚将研究组分为合并组(46例)与未合并组(34例)。另选取同期在该院体检中心体检的健康者40例为对照组。实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)和酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测受试者血清miR-140-5p、VEGF水平,超声检查合并组与未合并组的颈动脉内膜中层厚度。Pearson和Spearman分析类风湿关节炎患者临床资料之间的相关性,并以Logistic回归模型分析影响类风湿关节炎患者并发动脉粥样硬化的因素。结果3组受试者的类风湿因子、红细胞沉降率(ESR)、颈动脉内膜中层厚度、空腹血糖(FPG)、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、胰岛素抵抗指数(HOMA-IR)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、miR-140-5p、VEGF差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),未合并组和合并组的类风湿因子、ESR、颈动脉内膜中层厚度、FPG、hs-CRP、VEGF高于对照组,FINS、HOMA-IR、miR-140-5p低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。合并组的类风湿因子、颈动脉内膜中层厚度、FPG、hs-CRP、VEGF高于未合并组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),FINS、miR-140-5p低于未合并组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。类风湿关节炎患者的类风湿因子、颈动脉内膜中层厚度、hs-CRP与miR-140-5p呈负相关(P<0.05),与VEGF呈正相关(P<0.05),miR-140-5p与VEGF呈负相关(P<0.05)。类风湿因子、颈动脉内膜中层厚度、hs-CRP、VEGF为影响类风湿关节炎患者并发动脉粥样硬化的危险因素,miR-140-5p是保护因素。结论类风湿关节炎患者血清miR-140-5p、VEGF与动脉粥样硬化的发生相关,miR-140-5p是并发动脉粥样硬化的保护因素,VEGF是危险因素。

甲状腺功能正常的缺血性心肌病患者血清甲状腺激素浓度与血清NT-proBNP、同型半胱氨酸浓度的相关性

目的 探讨甲状腺功能正常的缺血性心肌病(ischemic cardiomyopathy,ICM)患者血清甲状腺激素浓度与血清N末端B型脑钠肽前体(N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide,NT-proBNP)、同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)浓度的相关性。方法 选择界首市人民医院2021年8月至2022年8月收治的124例甲状腺功能正常的ICM患者作为研究对象。对所有患者根据美国纽约心脏协会(New York Heart Association,NYHA)心功能分级分为Ⅰ级组29例,Ⅱ级组27例,Ⅲ级组43例,Ⅳ级组25例;同时根据颈动脉内膜中层厚度(carotid intimamedia thickness,CIMT)分为CIMT增厚组41例,CIMT正常组83例。检测所有受试者的血清甲状腺激素[游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸(free triiodothyronine,FT3)、游离甲状腺素(free thyroxine,FT4)、促甲状腺激素(thyroid stimulating hormone,TSH)]浓度以及血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度;测定入选对象超声心动图指标,包括左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fraction,LVEF)、左心室舒张末期内径(left ventricular end diastolic diameter,LVEDD)、左心房内径(left atrial diameter,LAD),对入选对象行冠状动脉计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)血管造影检查,并计算Gensini积分。分析血清甲状腺激素浓度与血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度等实验室指标的相关性。结果 采用Bonferroni法行多重比较发现,Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ级组患者和CIMT组患者之间血清TSH、NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.0083)。Ⅲ级组患者血清FT3浓度显著低于Ⅰ级组,Ⅳ级组患者血清FT3浓度均显著低于Ⅰ级组和Ⅱ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0083,P<0.0083)。Ⅲ级组和Ⅳ级组患者的LVEF均显著低于Ⅰ级组和Ⅱ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0083)。Ⅲ级组和Ⅳ级组患者的LVEDD均显著高于Ⅰ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0083)。Ⅱ级组、Ⅲ级组和Ⅳ级组Gensini积分均显著高于Ⅰ级组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.0083)。CIMT增厚组患者血清FT3、FT4浓度和LVEF均显著低于CIMT正常组,血清TSH、NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度和LVEDD、Gensini积分均显著高于CIMT正常组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。血清FT3、FT4浓度与血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度和NYHA心功能分级、CIMT、Gensini积分均呈负相关(P<0.05),血清FT3、FT4浓度与LVEF均呈正相关(P<0.05),血清TSH浓度与LVEF呈负相关(P<0.05),血清TSH浓度与血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度和NYHA心功能分级、CIMT、LVEDD、LAD、Gensini积分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 甲状腺功能正常的ICM患者的血清甲状腺激素浓度与血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度以及心功能分级、CIMT增厚与否、心脏结构与功能状态、冠状动脉病变程度密切相关;血清FT3、FT4浓度与血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度以及NYHA心功能分级、CIMT、Gensini积分均呈负相关,与LVEF均呈正相关;血清TSH浓度与血清NT-proBNP、Hcy浓度以及NYHA心功能分级、CIMT、LVEDD、LAD、Gensini积分均呈正相关,与LVEF呈负相关。

甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数与颈动脉结构和弹性功能关联性及中介效应

目的探讨一般成年人群甘油三酯-葡萄糖指数(triglyceride-glucose index,TyG)与颈动脉结构和弹性功能的关系。方法选取2021年6月~2021年12月期间在唐都医院进行年度体检的健康志愿者的临床超声资料,进行横断面研究,共纳入志愿者594例。根据TyG指数水平的三分位数范围分为3组:T1组(4.24±0.10),T2组(4.45±0.06),T3组(4.71±0.11),各组人数均为198。通过多元线性模型估计TyG指数,颈动脉内中膜厚度(carotid intima-media thickness,CIMT)与脉搏波传导速度(pulse wave velocity,PWV)之间的关系。采用中介效应分析身体质量指数(body mass index,BMI)、血压、血糖和血脂指标在TyG指数与CIMT及PWV关联性中的中介作用。结果随着TyG指数水平的升高,调查对象各项数据依组逐次变化,T1、T2与T3组吸烟的比例逐次升高并有统计学差异,相邻组及跨组比较均P<0.05;年龄、女性比例、BMI、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯、空腹血糖、饮酒比例、CIMT与PWV逐渐增高,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇逐渐减低,相邻组及跨组比较均P<0.01。多元线性回归分析发现,调整协变量后,TyG指数每增加1个单位,CIMT增加0.54μm(95%CI:0.13~0.64;P<0.01),PWV增加0.28 m/s(95%CI:0.20~0.37;P<0.01)。中介效应分析发现,SBP以间接介导的方式对PWV产生正向影响,其中介效应占比为18.2%。结论TyG指数是正常成年人群CIMT及PWV的独立危险因素。TyG指数通过SBP介导以间接方式与PWV呈正相关。

血尿酸水平与高血压患者颈动脉内-中膜厚度的相关性分析

目的探讨高血压患者血尿酸(SUA)水平与颈动脉内-中膜厚度(CIMT)的相关性。方法采用回顾性研究,选取西安市中医医院2020年3月至10月被诊断为高血压的患者110例。其中,单纯高血压患者60例[HT组,男31例,女29例,年龄(51.59±10.84)岁],高血压合并高尿酸血症者50例[HT+HU组,男23例,女27例,年龄(52.27±10.12)岁]。另外,选取健康体检者40名[健康对照组,男20例,女20例,年龄(51.23±9.43)岁]。比较各组之间的血压、体重指数(BMI)、甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、SUA、CIMT的差异,分析SUA水平与CIMT的相关性。统计学方法采用单因素方差分析、χ^(2)检验、偏相关分析、多元线性回归分析。结果3组之间性别、年龄、心率、吸烟、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、HDL-C、LDL-C比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05);HU+HT组SUA水平高于对照组与HT组[(496.52±74.82)µmol/L比(253.42±80.46)µmol/L比(267.78±75.72)µmol/L],差异有统计学意义(F=156.14,P<0.05);HT组与HU+HT组的收缩压、舒张压均高于对照组[(164.72±12.86)mmHg(1mmHg=0.133kPa)比(165.87±12.96)mmHg比(106.75±7.46)mmHg、(98.82±6.56)mmHg比(98.78±6.85)mmHg比(73.68±4.66)mmHg],差异均有统计学意义(F=366.07、239.34,均P<0.05);HU+HT组与HT组的CIMT均高于对照组,HU+HT组高于HT组与对照组[(1.02±0.18)mm比(0.85±0.19)mm比(0.60±0.11)mm],差异有统计学意义(F=68.95,P<0.05)。偏相关分析显示,HU+HT组患者的SUA水平与CIMT水平正相关(r=0.42,P<0.05)。多因素线性回归分析显示,SUA水平是高血压患者CIMT的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。结论高血压合并高尿酸血症患者的CIMT增厚显著,高血压患者SUA水平与CIMT密切相关,当高血压患者合并高尿酸血症时,进一步加重了动脉粥样硬化等心血管疾病的进程。

初诊2型糖尿病患者血清25-羟基维生素D3与颈动脉内膜中层厚度及粥样硬化斑块相关性研究

目的:研讨初诊2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者25-羟基维生素D3[25-(OH)D3]水平和颈动脉内膜中层厚度(IMT)、动脉粥样硬化斑块的关系。方法:检测206例初诊T2DM患者空腹血糖(FBG)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、25-(OH)D3浓度等指标,完善血管彩超检测IMT及颈动脉粥样硬化斑块情况。结果:斑块组患者年龄、高血压病史、LDL-C、HbA1c、IMT均高于无斑块组(P<0.05),而25-(OH)D3浓度低于无斑块组(P<0.05)。Spearman相关性分析显示,颈动脉IMT与吸烟史(rs=0124,P=0.038)、高血压病史(rs=0.175,P=0.001)正相关。Pearson相关性分析,颈动脉IMT与年龄、HbA1c、LDL-C呈正相关(P均<0.05),与25-(OH)D3、血钙水平呈负相关(P均<0.05)。Logistic回归分析,年龄、HbA1c、LDLC、高血压病史是产生颈动脉粥样硬化斑块的危险要素,而25-(OH)D3水平可直接影响颈动脉粥样硬化斑块形成。结论:初诊T2DM患者25-(OH)D3水平与颈动脉IMT呈负相关联,低25-(OH)D3水平可能为颈动脉粥样硬化形成的一个危险信号。

持续非卧床腹膜透析患者血清FGF-23及可溶性klotho蛋白与颈动脉中膜厚度相关性

目的探讨持续非卧床腹膜透析(CAPD)患者血清FGF-23及可溶性klotho蛋白与颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度(CIMT)的相关性。方法选择2021年1月至2023年4月CAPD患者60例。将CIMT≥1.2 mm的患者纳入观察组(n=36),CIMT<1.2 mm的患者纳入对照组(n=24),比较两组患者一般资料及颈动脉彩超检查结果;分别测定并比较两组患者胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白、低密度脂蛋白、血清肌酐、超敏C反应蛋白(Hs-CRP)、β2-微球蛋白、甲状旁腺激素、同型半胱氨酸、可溶性Klotho蛋白、血清FGF-23等指标。结果观察组患者年龄、血清FGF-23及Hs-CRP水平均明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组患者血清可溶性Klotho蛋白水平明显低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组CIMT水平、存在粥样硬化斑块比例均明显高于对照组(P<0.05);两组间颈动脉狭窄比例比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);Logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、血清FGF-23及Hs-CRP是CAPD患者发生CIMT增厚的独立的危险因素,而可溶性Klotho蛋白是CAPD患者出现CIMT增厚的保护因素。结论CAPD伴有CIMT增厚的患者易形成动脉粥样硬化斑块,患者年龄、血清FGF23、超敏C反应蛋白是CAPD患者颈动脉中膜增厚的独立危险因素,而Klotho蛋白则为其保护因素。

高频超声在健康足月新生儿及早产儿的升主动脉内-中膜厚度评估中的应用

目的 探究高频超声在健康足月新生儿及早产儿的升主动脉内-中膜厚度评估中的应用价值。方法选择2021年1~12月在德阳市人民医院出生的400例早产儿为实验组,另选取同期本院健康足月儿400例为对照组,在新生儿期、1岁时进行高频超声心动图检查,测量升主动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT),比较两组升主动脉IMT,分析新生儿期IMT与胎儿出生状况及母体孕期患病史的相关性,并对高频超声测定升主动脉IMT值进行组间、组内一致性检验。结果 实验组早产儿出生72h内、1岁时的升主动脉IMT值明显大于对照组(P<0.05),且实验组早产儿左室直径小于对照组,卵圆孔未闭占比高于对照组(P<0.05)。经Pearson相关性分析显示,新生儿升主动脉IMT值与胎龄、出生体重、出生身长、出生后1min Apgar分值呈负相关,与母亲妊娠期肝内胆汁淤积、妊娠高血压、妊娠糖尿病发生呈正相关(P<0.05)。Altman-Bland分析显示,观察者内及观察者之间超声测量的升主动脉IMT值大部分分布在95%一致性界限范围内。结论 与足月儿相比,早产儿出生时升主动脉IMT偏厚,故在新生儿出生早期进行高频超声检查能够及早识别动脉粥样硬化,及早干预,利于改善新生儿预后。

多中心无心脑血管疾病危险因素成年受检者颈动脉内-中膜厚度的相关因素分析

目的分析无心脑血管危险因素的成年受检者颈动脉内-中膜厚度(IMT)百分位数值及其影响因素。方法连续性纳入2019年12月至2021年12月国内53家医院参加的“脑卒中高危人群筛查脑颈动脉超声规范化评估”数据库中2738名无心脑血管疾病危险因素的成年受检者颈总动脉(CCA)内径、颈动脉球部(CB)内径、颈内动脉(ICA)内径及CCA远段IMT测值。按性别与年龄对IMT进行分层描述[百分位数值以第5、10、25、50、75、90及95百分位数(P_(5)、P_(10)、P_(25)、P_(50)、P_(75)、P_(90)、P_(95))表示],并依据IMT的中位数值将所有研究对象分为IMT<0.6 mm组和IMT≥0.6 mm组,比较两组受检者的年龄、性别、体质量指数(BMI)、侧别及CCA、CB、ICA内径,采用多因素Logistic回归分析方法分析IMT增加的影响因素。结果(1)女性平均IMT为(0.56±0.02)mm,男性平均IMT为(0.59±0.03)mm。女性和男性IMT百分位数值均随年龄的增长而增加(均P<0.01);对19~69岁颈总动脉远段IMT增长值的横断面计算结果显示,男性与女性IMT每年分别增加0.003、0.005 mm。(2)IMT与CCA内径(r=0.130,P<0.01)、ICA内径(r=0.067,P<0.01)、CB内径(r=0.143,P<0.01)、年龄(r=0.302,P<0.01)、BMI(r=0.142,P<0.01)均呈正相关性,男性IMT大于女性IMT(t=8.784,P<0.01),左侧与右侧IMT测值差异无统计学意义[左侧比右侧:(0.57±0.02)mm比(0.57±0.02)mm,t=-0.301,P=0.763]。(3)Logistic回归分析结果表明,CB内径(OR=1.193,95%CI:1.109~1.283)、年龄(OR=1.049,95%CI:1.042~1.055)、女性(OR=0.688,95%CI:0.602~0.787)为IMT增加的独立影响因素。结论年龄、性别、CB内径均为无心脑血管疾病危险因素成年受检者正常范围内IMT增加的影响因素。