Different effects of mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis on neural functional recovery in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion

Objective:To study the different effects of mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis on neural functional recovery in patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion.Methods: Patients with acute middle cerebral artery occlusion who were treated in the First Hospital of Yulin between September 2013 and October 2017 were selected and retrospectively studied, and the differences in reperfusion therapies in history data were referred to divide them into study group A and study group B who underwent mechanical embolus removal and intra-arterial thrombolysis respectively. The levels of neurocyte damage markers, apoptosis markers and stress markers in serum as well as the expression of Wnt pathway molecules in peripheral blood were determined before treatment and 24 h after treatment.Results: Compared with those of same group before treatment, serum NSE, S100B, VILIP1, sFas, sFasL, ET-1 and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood GSK3β, LC3-II and Beclin1 expression intensity of both groups were decreasing whereas serum BDNF, NTF, sLivin and SOD levels as well as peripheral bloodβ-catenin and mTOR expression intensity were increasing, and serum NSE, S100B, VILIP1, sFas, sFasL, ET-1 and MDA levels as well as peripheral blood GSK3β, LC3-II and Beclin1 expression intensity of study group A after treatment were lower than those of study group B whereas serum BDNF, NTF, sLivin and SOD levels as well as peripheral bloodβ-catenin and mTOR expression intensity were higher than those of study group B.Conclusion: Mechanical embolus removal for acute middle cerebral artery occlusion can be more effective than intra-arterial thrombolysis to reduce the nerve function damage as well as the corresponding oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Admission Motor Strength Grade Predicts Mortality in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke Undergoing Mechanical Thrombectomy

Background: The mortality due to mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in the acute treatment of intracranial arterial occlu- sions can be up to 45%. The SWIFT (Solitaire FR with the Intention for Thrombectomy) and Multi MERCI (mechani- cal embolus removal in cerebral ischemia) trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of MT. It may be important to determine pre-procedural factors that help predict post-intervention prognosis. We sought to determine if admission medical research council (MRC) motor strength grade along with other factors can be used as predictor of mortality after MT for acute ischemic stroke. Methods: Retrospective analysis of stroke database assessing outcomes in all 62 patients who underwent MT as an intervention for acute ischemic stroke, with or without concurrent intravenous thrombolysis was done. Five baseline variables were included in univariate and multivariate analyses to define the in- dependent predictors of mortality during current hospitalization. The medical research council (MRC) motor grade (0 - 5);modified collateral flow (CS) grading (0 - 3);age;acute and chronic co-morbidities were used as the baseline vari- ables. If motor strength grade were different in upper and lower extremities, then the lower grade was used. Age was analyzed independently as well as dichotomized using 80 as cut-off value. Relevant stroke related acute and chronic co-morbidities were given 1 point each and mean calculated. Results: In the univariate analysis, low (0 - 1) motor strength grade (OR, 0.11;95% CI, 0.021 - 0.33;p = 0.001) and age (OR, 1.06;95% CI, 1.02 - 1.12;p = 0.011) was sig- nificantly associated with mortality. The presence of collateral flow, acute and chronic co-morbidities were not signifi- cantly associated with mortality. In the multivariate analysis, motor grade retained its statistical significance for morta- lity (OR, 0.09;95% CI, 0.01 - 0.32;p = 0.003) along with chronic co-morbidity (OR, 1.52;95% CI 1.05 - 2.43;

Bridging therapy and direct mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of cardiogenic cerebral infarction with anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion

BACKGROUND Intravenous thrombolysis is an important treatment for cerebral infarction.However,it is difficult to achieve good results if the patient is complicated with anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion.In addition,the vascular recanalization rate is low,so mechanical thrombectomy,that is,bridging therapy,is needed AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of bridging therapy and direct mechanical thrombectomy in the treatment of cardiogenic cerebral infarction with anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion.METHODS Ninety-six patients in our hospital with cardiogenic cerebral infarction with anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion from January 2017 to July 2020 were divided into a direct thrombectomy group(n=48)and a bridging group(n=48).Direct mechanical thrombectomy was performed in the direct thrombectomy group,and bridging therapy was used in the bridging treatment group.Comparisons were performed for the treatment data of the two groups(from admission to imaging examination,from admission to arterial puncture,from arterial puncture to vascular recanalization,and from admission to vascular recanalization),vascular recanalization rate,National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)and Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS)scores before and after treatment,prognosis and incidence of adverse events.RESULTS In the direct thrombectomy group,the time from admission to imaging examination was 24.32±8.61 min,from admission to arterial puncture was 95.56±37.55 min,from arterial puncture to vascular recanalization was 54.29±21.38 min,and from admission to revascularization was 156.88±45.51 min,and the corresponding times in the bridging treatment group were 25.38±9.33 min,100.45±39.30 min,58.14±25.56 min,and 161.23±51.15 min;there were no significant differences between groups(P=0.564,0.535,0.426,and 0.661,respectively).There was no significant difference in the recanalization rate between the direct thrombectomy group(79.17%)and the bridging group(75.00%)(P=0.627).There were no significant differences between the direct thrombectomy group(16.69±4.91 and 12.12±2.07)and the bridging group(7.13±1.23) and(14.40±0.59)in preoperative NIHSS score and GCS score(P=0.200 and 0.203,respectively).After the operation,the NIHSS scores in both groups were lower than those before the operation,and the GCS scores were higher than those before the operation.There was no significant difference in NIHSS and GCS scores between the direct thrombectomy group(6.91±1.10 and 14.19±0.65)and the bridging group(7.13±1.23 and 14.40±0.59)(P=0.358 and 0.101,respectively).There was no significant difference in the proportion of patients who achieved a good prognosis between the direct thrombectomy group(52.08%)and the bridging group(50.008%)(P=0.838).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the direct thrombectomy group(6.25%)and the bridging group(8.33%)(P=0.913).CONCLUSION Bridging therapy and direct mechanical thrombectomy can safely treat cardiogenic cerebral infarction with anterior circulation macrovascular occlusion,achieve good vascular recanalization effects and prognoses,and improve the neurological function of patients.

Gelfoam embolization for distal, medium vessel injury during mechanical thrombectomy in acute stroke: A case report

BACKGROUND Arterial perforation has inevitably increased as endovascular treatments have become more common for intracranial large vessel occlusions,and even distal,medium vessel occlusions.A distal,medium vessel has a tortuous course and thinner wall compared to large arteries,making it more susceptible to damage.Here,we review the treatment strategies for arterial perforation during mechanical thrombectomy,and we report the case of a patient treated with gelfoam embolization.CASE SUMMARY A 63-year-old woman presented to the emergency department with sudden neurologic symptoms of right hemiparesis and global aphasia.The initial National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score was 15.Computed tomography(CT)and CT angiography revealed hyperacute infarction and emergent arterial occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery M2-3 portion.During endovascular mechanical thrombectomy,arterial rupture occurred.The patient’s vital signs were stable,but delayed angiography showed persistent active bleeding.Therefore,selective embolization of the injured artery was performed using gelfoam.Subsequent left vertebral and internal carotid angiography was performed to confirm hemostasis.A localized subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)was confirmed on a follow-up CT scan.A repeated CT scan after 12 d showed resolution of the SAH,and rebleeding did not occur.CONCLUSION Rescue embolization with gelfoam could be considered an additional option in distal,medium vessel perforation.

Efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis

BACKGROUND Acute lower extremity deep venous thrombosis(LEDVT)is a common vascular emergency with significant morbidity risks,including post-thrombotic syndrome(PTS)and pulmonary embolism.Traditional treatments like catheter-directed thrombolysis(CDT)often result in variable success rates and complications.AIM To investigate the therapeutic efficacy of percutaneous mechanical thrombus removal in acute LEDVT.METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed to examine 58 hospitalised patients with acute LEDVT between August 2019 and August 2022.The patients were categorised into the percutaneous mechanical thrombectomy(PMT)group(n=24)and CDT group(n=32).The follow-up,safety and treatment outcomes were compared between the two groups.The main observational indexes were venous patency score,thrombus removal effect,complications,hospitalisation duration and PTS.RESULTS The venous patency score was 9.04±1.40 in the PMT group and 8.81±1.60 in the CDT group,and the thrombus clearance rate was 100%in both groups.The complication rate was 8.33%in the PMT group and 34.84%in the CDT group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The average hospitalisation duration was 6.54±2.48 days in the PMT group and 8.14±3.56 days in the CDT group.The incidence of PTS was lower in the PMT group than in the CDT group;however,the difference was not statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Compared with CDT,treatment of LEDVT via PMT was associated with a better thrombus clearance rate,clinical therapeutic effect and PTS prevention function,but the difference was not statistically significant.Moreover,PMT was associated with a reduced urokinase dosage,shortened hospitalisation duration and reduced incidence of complications,such as infections and small haemorrhages.These results indicate that PMT has substantial beneficial effects in the treatment of LEDVT.

Anticoagulant treatment for pulmonary embolism in patient with cerebral hemorrhage secondary to mechanical thrombectomy: A case report

BACKGROUND Cerebral hemorrhage secondary to cerebral embolism after mechanical thrombectomy is characterized by high morbidity,disability and mortality.If the patient also has severe pulmonary embolism(PE)at the same time,the treatment becomes more complex.This report describes the treatment strategy for a patient with PE and cerebral hemorrhage secondary to cerebral embolism after mechanical thrombectomy.CASE SUMMARY A 70-year-old woman presented to our emergency department with right-sided hemiplegia and mixed aphasia of 2.5 h duration.She was diagnosed with left cerebral embolism,left internal carotid artery occlusion,PE and left calf intramuscular vein thrombosis.Following mechanical thrombectomy,brain magnetic resonance imaging showed cerebral infarction with basal ganglia hemorrhage.We observed changes in cerebral hemorrhage on serial monitoring of brain computed tomography and adjusted the dose of anticoagulant drugs.After 3 wk of treatment,the patient’s neurological and respiratory symptoms significantly improved,and a favorable prognosis was obtained.CONCLUSION Anticoagulation could be a potential option for PE accompanied by hemorrhagic transformation of an ischemic infarct.

Mechanical thrombectomy for acute occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery: A case report

BACKGROUND Mechanical thrombectomy(MT)has been demonstrated to be useful for the treatment of ischemic stroke in patients with large vessel occlusions.However,recanalization by MT is not recommended for distal vessels such as second-order branches of the middle cerebral artery and posterior inferior cerebellar artery(PICA).Because of the small size and tortuosity of these arteries,the risks of using the available endovascular devices outweigh the benefits of treatment.However,MT appears to be effective in patients with primary distal vessel occlusion in eloquent areas,those with a high National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score,and those ineligible for recombinant tissue plasminogen activator therapy.Here,we report the use of MT for treating acute occlusion of the PICA using a directaspiration first-pass technique(ADAPT).CASE SUMMARY In this case,the patient received acute occlusion of the PICA with ADAPT when right internal carotid artery stenting was performed.CONCLUSION With the introduction of advanced endovascular devices,MT may now be a feasible treatment for acute occlusion of the PICA.

Carotid-cavernous fistula following mechanical thrombectomy of the tortuous internal carotid artery:A case report

BACKGROUND A carotid-cavernous fistula(CCF)is an abnormal connection between the internal carotid artery(ICA)and the cavernous sinus.Although direct CCFs typically result from trauma or as an iatrogenic complication of neuroendovascular procedures,they can occur as surgery-related complications after mechanical thrombectomy(MT).With the widespread use of MT in patients with acute ischemic stroke complicated with large vessel occlusion,it is important to document CCF following MT and how to avoid them.In this study,we present a case of a patient who developed a CCF following MT and describe in detail the characteristics of ICA tortuosity in this case.CASE SUMMARY A 60-year-old woman experienced weakness in the left upper and lower limbs as well as difficulty speaking for 4 h.The neurological examination revealed left central facial paralysis and left hemiplegia,with a National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score of 9.Head magnetic resonance imaging revealed an acute cerebral infarction in the right basal ganglia and radial crown.Magnetic resonance angiography demonstrated an occlusion of the right ICA and middle cerebral artery.Digital subtraction angiography demonstrated distal occlusion of the cervical segment of the right ICA.We performed suction combined with stent thrombectomy.Then,postoperative angiography was performed,which showed a right CCF.One month later,CCF embolization was performed,and the patient’s clinical symptoms have significantly improved 5 mo after the operation.CONCLUSION Although a CCF is a rare complication after MT,it should be considered.Understanding the tortuosity of the internal carotid-cavernous sinus may help predict the complexity of MT and avoid this complication.

Mechanical thrombectomy and postoperative complications after acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion

Acute ischemic stroke is one of the common discases in Chinese,among which acute ischemic stroke with large vessel occlusion(AIS-LVO)has thc most serious complications and has the risk of death.Studies have shown that reperfusion is a first-line treatment for the effective rescue of ischemic brain tissue,usually mainly by mechanical|hrombectomy(MT),supplemented by intravenous thrombolysis.However,there are still complications after large blood vessel occlusion and MT.such as blecding and infection at the puncture point,vasospasm,vascular dissection,subarachnoid hemorrhage,hcmonhagic transfomation,reembolization,and massive cerebral infarction,ctc.The high risk factors and corresponding measures of complications after MT by revicwing the rescarch analysis.

A Unique Case of Successful Mechanical Thrombectomy and Stenting of Cabrol Graft: A Case Report

Cabrol technique and its modification are used as second line or bailout procedure in reimplantation of coronary arteries after aortic root replacement. Percutaneous interventions of Cabrol graft with aspiration thrombectomy and stenting have been previously described. We report a patient who successfully underwent percutaneous intervention on the graft by rheolytic thrombectomy followed by stenting in the setting of ST elevation myocardial infarction.

Image-based visualization of stents in mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke:Preliminary findings from a series of cases

BACKGROUND Mechanical thrombectomy is the most effective treatment for great cerebral artery embolization within a set time window.Typically,an arteriogram does not show the localization of the stent after release and whether a thrombus is captured or not.Thus,improving the visualization of a stent in interventional therapy will be helpful for clinicians.AIM To analyze stent imaging findings to enhance clinicians’understanding of a special circumstance,wherein a Solitaire AB retrievable stent was visible during the imaging of a thrombus capture that improved the success rate of stent-based mechanical thrombectomy.METHODS This was a retrospective study with four acute ischemic stroke(AIS)patients who underwent stent-based mechanical thrombectomy.RESULTS Patient 1 was a 64-year-old man admitted after 5 h of confusion;angiography revealed basilar artery occlusion.We inserted a stent into the left posterior cerebral artery-P2 segment and visualized the expanded stent that successfully captured a thrombus.Patient 2 was a 74-year-old man admitted with confusion,which lasted approximately 3 h.Angiography revealed a left middle cerebral artery(MCA)-M1 segment occlusion.A stent was deployed in the distal M2 segment,and we could visualize the stent by capturing the thrombus.Patient 3 was a 74-year-old woman admitted after experiencing left hemiplegia for 3 h.We deployed a stent at the distal right MCAM2 segment,and the developing stent captured a large thrombus.Patient 4 was an 82-year-old man who presented with confusion for 3 h.A developing stent was placed in the distal left MCA-M1 segment,which captured a large thrombus and several fragmented thrombi.CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report of stent imaging in patients with AIS.We demonstrated the usefulness and substantial potential of stent imaging in stent-based mechanical thrombectomy for AIS.

Evaluation of vascular recanalization rate and nerve injury of mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA thrombolysis in treatment of acute cerebral infarction

Objective:To investigate the vascular recanalization rate of mechanical thrombectomy combined with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) thrombolysis in the treatment of acute cerebral infarction and the effect on the nerve injury in patients.Methods:A total of 90 patients with acute cerebral infarction who were treated in our hospital between January 2016 and January 2019 were retrospectively analyzed and divided into the control group (n=46) receiving rt-PA thrombolysis and the observation group (n=44) receiving mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA thrombolysis. The differences in vascular recanalization rate 24 h after treatment as well as serum levels of inflammatory mediators [interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-7 (IL-7), interleukin-17 (IL-17) and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP)], nerve injury markers [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B protein (S100B)] and neurotransmitters [glutamate (Glu) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] before and after treatment were compared between the two groups of patients.Results: 24 h after treatment, the vascular recanalization rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). 24 h after treatment and 1 week after treatment, serum IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-17 and hs-CRP levels in the observation group were lower than those in the control group;BDNF level was higher than that in the control group, while NSE and S100B levels were lower than those in the control group;Glu and 5-HT levels were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions: Mechanical thrombectomy combined with rt-PA thrombolysis can increase the early postoperative vascular recanalization rate in patients with acute cerebral infarction, and it also plays an active role in alleviating nerve injury.

Cerebral fat embolism following autologous fat injection in facial reconstruction:A case report

BACKGROUND Autologous fat injection in facial reconstruction is a common cosmetic surgery.Although cerebral fat embolism(CFE)as a complication is rare,it carries serious health risks.CASE SUMMARY We present a case of a 29-year-old female patient who developed acute CFE following facial fat filling surgery.After the surgery,the patient experienced symptoms including headache,nausea,vomiting,and difficulty breathing,which was followed by neurological symptoms such as slurred speech and left-sided weakness.Comprehensive physical examination and auxiliary investigations,including blood tests,head and neck computed tomography angiography,and cranial magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging,were performed upon admission.The clinical diagnosis was acute cerebral embolism following facial fat filling surgery.Treatment included measures to improve cerebral circulation,dehydration for intracranial pressure reduction,nutritional support,and rehabilitation therapy for left limb function.The patient showed a significant improvement in symptoms after 2 weeks of treatment.She recovered left limb muscle strength to grade 5,had clear speech,and experienced complete relief of headache.CONCLUSION Our case highlights the potential occurrence of severe complications in patients undergoing fat injection in facial reconstruction.To prevent these complications,plastic surgeons should enhance their professional knowledge and skills.

Thrombosis in ST-elevation myocardial infarction:Insights from thrombi retrieved by aspiration thrombectomy

In patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction, recurrent cardiovascular events still remain the main cause of morbidity and mortality, despite significant improvements in antithrombotic therapy. We sought to review data regarding coronary thrombus analysis provided by studies using manual aspiration thrombectomy(AT), andto discuss how insights from this line of investigation could further improve management of acute coronary disease. Several studies investigated the fresh specimens retrieved by AT using techniques such as traditional morphological evaluation, optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, magnetic resonance imaging, and immunohistochemistry. These approaches have provided a better understanding of the composition and dynamics of the human coronary thrombosis process, as well as its relationship with some clinical outcomes. Recent data signaling to new antithrombotic therapeutic targets are still emerging.

机械介入取栓术联合重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂治疗急性脑梗死的疗效观察

目的观察机械介入取栓术联合重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(recombinant tissue plasminogen activator,rt-PA)治疗急性脑梗死(ACI)的疗效。方法选取作者医院2020年1月至2021年12月收治的107例ACI患者作为回顾性队列研究对象,按治疗方法将患者分为rt-PA静脉溶栓组(以下简称对照组,n=49)和机械介入取栓术联合rt-PA静脉溶栓组(以下简称观察组,n=58)。比较两组患者临床疗效、血清炎症因子、血清脂蛋白相关磷脂酶A2(Lp-PLA2)、血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、血清锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)、血清血管内皮功能指标以及脑血流灌注水平的差异。结果观察组临床总有效率高于对照组(96.55%比81.63%;χ^(2)=5.179,P=0.023);观察组治疗后肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1α(IL-1α)、IL-1β、IL-6、C反应蛋白(CRP)、Lp-PLA2、内皮素-1(ET-1)和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)水平显著低于对照组(P<0.05),而T-SOD、Mn-SOD、一氧化氮水平及脑血容量(CBV)和脑血流量(CBF)水平明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论机械介入取栓术联合rt-PA治疗能够有效改善ACI患者神经功能、炎症状态及Lp-PLA2、T-SOD、Mn-SOD水平,增强脑组织血流灌注及血管内皮功能,整体提高临床疗效。

SWIM取栓技术在急性颅脑大血管闭塞治疗中的应用

目的研究颅内支撑导管辅助Solitaire支架取栓抽吸技术(SWIM)在急性颅脑大血管闭塞治疗中的效果。方法选取太和县人民医院2020年11月~2022年5月收治的90例急性颅脑大血管闭塞患者,采取随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,各45例。观察组给予SWIM取栓术,对照组给予单纯支架取栓术。术后,采用脑梗死溶栓(TICI)治疗分级标准评估血管再通情况;分别于术前及术后1周采用美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评估神经缺损情况,Barthel量表评估患者日常生活自理能力;分别于术前及术后1周检测比较两组神经功能指标[神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、S100β蛋白(S100β)]水平;术后随访3个月,采用改良Rankin量表(mRs)评估患者预后,记录两组患者并发症和死亡情况。结果观察组血管再通率(95.56%,4345)明显高于对照组(68.89%,3145),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=10.946,P<0.05)。术后1周,观察组NIHSS评分、NSE、S100β水平较对照组低[(5.37±1.09)分vs.(6.24±1.22)分、(6.03±0.92)ng ml vs.(8.18±1.17)ng ml、(0.27±0.07)ng ml vs.(0.35±0.09)ng ml],观察组Barthel评分、BDNF水平较对照组高[(79.06±8.72)分vs.(69.14±8.09)分、(4776.51±508.65)pg ml vs.(4022.39±425.33)pg ml],差异有统计学意义(t=3.567、9.690、4.707、5.594、7.630,P<0.05)。术后3个月,观察组mRs评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.344,P<0.05);两组并发症发生率和死亡率近似,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.549、0.714,P>0.05)。结论SWIM取栓术能够较好恢复急性颅脑大血管闭塞患者的血流灌注,改善其神经缺损,提高其生活自理能力,同时可改善患者预后。

急性缺血性脑卒中机械取栓术后恶性脑水肿的危险因素

目的:探讨急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者机械取栓术后恶性脑水肿(MCE)发生的危险因素。方法:回顾性收集2018年8月至2022年6月在温州医科大学附属第一医院接受机械取栓术并实现血管完全再通的AIS患者400例,根据术后是否发生MCE将患者分为MCE组(n=89)和非MCE组(n=311)。采用多因素Logistic回归分析确定AIS患者机械取栓术后MCE发生的独立危险因素。结果:400例行机械取栓术后血管完全再通的AIS患者中,男277例,女123例,年龄(68.09±12.17)岁。AIS患者机械取栓术后MCE组的舒张压高于非MCE组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。而MCE组的ASPECT评分低于非MCE组,更可能位于前循环位置。多因素Logistic回归结果显示,AIS患者机械取栓术后舒张压(OR=1.022,95%CI=1.005~1.039,P=0.010)、术前ASPECT评分(OR=0.742,95%CI=0.655~0.840,P<0.001)、NIHSS评分(OR=1.043,95%CI=1.004~1.083,P=0.031)以及前循环血栓(OR=8.942,95%CI=2.595~30.816,P=0.001)是术后MCE发生的独立影响因素。结论:术前低ASPECT评分、高NIHSS评分以及前循环血栓是AIS患者机械取栓术后MCE的独立危险因素,且术后舒张压升高会增加术后发生MCE风险。术后血压管理尤其是降低舒张压可能减少患者术后发生MCE的风险。

侧支循环与机械取栓后成功再通的急性缺血性脑卒中患者预后的相关性

目的探讨侧支循环与机械取栓后成功再通的急性缺血性脑卒中(AIS)患者预后的关系。方法选择2020年9月至2022年5月于新乡医学院第一附属医院接受机械取栓的75例AIS患者为研究对象,收集患者的临床资料,根据术后90 d改良Rankin量表评分(mRS)将患者分为预后良好组(mRS评分≤2分)和预后不良组(mRS评分≥3分)。采用单因素和多因素logistics回归分析影响机械取栓后成功再通的AIS患者预后的因素。根据患者的侧支循环情况分为对称侧支循环、恶性侧支循环和其他侧支循环,并比较不同侧支循环患者入院时美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分、出院时NIHSS评分及NIHSS评分变化。结果75例患者中预后良好43例,预后不良32例,预后不良发生率为42.67%。单因素分析结果显示,有糖尿病史、发病至穿刺时间(OPT)、侧支循环、NIHSS评分是影响机械取栓成功再通的AIS患者预后的因素(P<0.05)。年龄、性别、心房颤动史、高血压史、吸烟史、卒中史、溶栓治疗及改良脑梗死溶栓分级与机械取栓后成功再通的AIS患者预后无关(P>0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,对称侧支循环、恶性侧支循环、有糖尿病史、OPT是机械取栓后成功再通的AIS患者预后的独立影响因素(P<0.05)。3种侧支循环患者入院时NIHSS评分比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。对称侧支循环患者出院时NIHSS评分显著低于恶性侧支循环患者,NIHSS评分变化较恶性侧支循环患者显著(P<0.05);对称侧支循环与其他侧支循环患者出院时NIHSS评分及NIHSS评分变化比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);恶性侧支循环与其他侧支循环患者出院时NIHSS评分及NIHSS评分变化比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论对称侧支循环、恶性侧支循环是机械取栓后成功再通的AIS患者预后的独立影响因素,对称侧支循环可能有助于机械取栓后患者神经功能的改善,而恶性侧支循环可能导致机械取栓患者神经功能的恶化。

分层逐段抽吸在急性高负荷血栓脑卒中取栓术中的应用价值

目的探讨分层逐段抽吸在急性高负荷血栓脑卒中取栓术中的应用价值。方法回顾性选择2020年4月至2023年6月在丽水市中心医院接受机械取栓治疗的前循环高负荷血栓大血管闭塞(LVO)性急性脑卒中患者90例,其中采用支架取栓39例,分层逐段抽吸51例。比较两组患者的手术相关资料、手术安全性及预后。结果分层逐段抽吸组患者血管成功再通率高于支架取栓组,穿刺至再通时间短于支架取栓组,7 d美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分低于支架取栓组,90 d预后良好率高于支架取栓组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。两组患者血栓逃逸率、采取补救治疗率、术后症状性脑出血、90 d死亡率比较,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论对于前循环高负荷血栓LVO性急性脑卒中患者,分层逐段抽吸相较于支架取栓,手术时间更短、血管成功再通率及90 d预后良好率更高,有较好的临床应用价值。

术后早期连续血糖监测与取栓后急性缺血性卒中患者预后评估的相关性研究

目的 探讨急性缺血性卒中患者机械取栓术后1~7 d连续血糖水平与预后的相关性。方法 回顾性选取首都医科大学附属北京朝阳医院2021年1月1日至2023年8月31日期间接受机械取栓手术的151例急性缺血性卒中患者为研究对象,收集术后1~7 d空腹及早、午、晚餐后2 h的指尖血糖数据。出院后随访患者术后90 d改良Rankin评分(mRS),采用双变量相关性分析法研究术后1~7 d血糖水平与患者预后的相关性。结果 患者术后第1天(空腹,P=0.028)、第2天(午餐后,P=0.027)、第4天(早餐后,P=0.014)、第5天(午餐后,P=0.006)及第6天(早餐后,P=0.043)血糖水平与术后90 d mRS评分存在显著相关性。结论 术后1~7 d血糖控制对患者预后恢复有显著影响,高血糖状态与术后90 d较差的神经功能障碍显著相关。有效的血糖管理策略可以为患者提供更有利的康复条件和改善预后的可能性。