Excessive use of organophosphate pesticides(OP),such as dichlorvos,in farming system poses a threat to human health through potential contamination of environment.To date,biodegradation has been prospected most promis...Excessive use of organophosphate pesticides(OP),such as dichlorvos,in farming system poses a threat to human health through potential contamination of environment.To date,biodegradation has been prospected most promising approach to eliminate environmental OP residues.Trichoderma species as a biological control microorganism is often exposed to the chemical pesticides applied in environments,so it is necessary to understand the mechanism of degradation of dichlorvos by Trichoderma.In this study,dichlorvos significantly inhibited the growth,sporulation and pigmentation of T.atroviride T23,and the dichlorvos degradation activity of T23 required the initial induction effect of dichlorvos and the culture conditions,including the nutrient and pH values of the medium.Various changed primary and secondary metabolites released from T23 in the presence of dichlorvos were speculated as the energy and antioxidants for the strain itself to tolerate dichlorvos stress.The results showed that T23 could produce a series of enzymes,especially the intracellular enzymes,to degrade dichlorvos.The activities of the intracellular enzyme generated by T23 were differentially changed along time course and especially relied on initial dichlorvos concentration,ammonium sulfate and phosphate added in the medium.In conclusion,some dichlorvos-induced chemical degradation related enzymes of T23 were proved to be involved in the degradation of dichlorvos.展开更多
Compartmentation via filamentation has recently emerged as a novel mechanism for metabolic regulation. In order to identify filamentforming metabolic enzymes systematically, we performed a genome-wide screening of all...Compartmentation via filamentation has recently emerged as a novel mechanism for metabolic regulation. In order to identify filamentforming metabolic enzymes systematically, we performed a genome-wide screening of all strains available from an open reading frameGFP collection in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We discovered nine novel filament-forming proteins and also confirmed those identified previously. From the 4159 strains, we found 23 proteins, mostly metabolic enzymes, which are capable of forming filaments in vivo. In silico protein-protein interaction analysis suggests that these filament-forming proteins can be clustered into several groups, including translational initiation machinery and glucose and nitrogen metabolic pathways. Using glutamine-utilising enzymes as examples, we found that the culture conditions affect the occurrence and length of the metabolic filaments. Furthermore, we found that two CTP synthases（Ura7p and Ura8p） and two asparagine synthetases（Asn1p and Asn2p） form filaments both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus.Live imaging analyses suggest that metabolic filaments undergo sub-diffusion. Taken together, our genome-wide screening identifies additional filament-forming proteins in S. cerevisiae and suggests that filamentation of metabolic enzymes is more general than currently appreciated.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31872015)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Program of the Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,China(21N41900200)+2 种基金the Shanghai Agricultural Applied Technology Development Program(2022-02-08-00-12-F0-01143)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-02)the National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0200403).
文摘Excessive use of organophosphate pesticides(OP),such as dichlorvos,in farming system poses a threat to human health through potential contamination of environment.To date,biodegradation has been prospected most promising approach to eliminate environmental OP residues.Trichoderma species as a biological control microorganism is often exposed to the chemical pesticides applied in environments,so it is necessary to understand the mechanism of degradation of dichlorvos by Trichoderma.In this study,dichlorvos significantly inhibited the growth,sporulation and pigmentation of T.atroviride T23,and the dichlorvos degradation activity of T23 required the initial induction effect of dichlorvos and the culture conditions,including the nutrient and pH values of the medium.Various changed primary and secondary metabolites released from T23 in the presence of dichlorvos were speculated as the energy and antioxidants for the strain itself to tolerate dichlorvos stress.The results showed that T23 could produce a series of enzymes,especially the intracellular enzymes,to degrade dichlorvos.The activities of the intracellular enzyme generated by T23 were differentially changed along time course and especially relied on initial dichlorvos concentration,ammonium sulfate and phosphate added in the medium.In conclusion,some dichlorvos-induced chemical degradation related enzymes of T23 were proved to be involved in the degradation of dichlorvos.
基金supported by the UK Medical Research Council (to J.L.L.), China Scholarship Council-University of Oxford Scholarship (to Q.J.S), Chinese Scholarship Council Studentship (to Y.H.), Malaysia Government Scholarship (to H.K.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11304372) (to H.L., F. Y and P.Y.W.) and anonymous donation (to J.L.L.)
文摘Compartmentation via filamentation has recently emerged as a novel mechanism for metabolic regulation. In order to identify filamentforming metabolic enzymes systematically, we performed a genome-wide screening of all strains available from an open reading frameGFP collection in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We discovered nine novel filament-forming proteins and also confirmed those identified previously. From the 4159 strains, we found 23 proteins, mostly metabolic enzymes, which are capable of forming filaments in vivo. In silico protein-protein interaction analysis suggests that these filament-forming proteins can be clustered into several groups, including translational initiation machinery and glucose and nitrogen metabolic pathways. Using glutamine-utilising enzymes as examples, we found that the culture conditions affect the occurrence and length of the metabolic filaments. Furthermore, we found that two CTP synthases（Ura7p and Ura8p） and two asparagine synthetases（Asn1p and Asn2p） form filaments both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus.Live imaging analyses suggest that metabolic filaments undergo sub-diffusion. Taken together, our genome-wide screening identifies additional filament-forming proteins in S. cerevisiae and suggests that filamentation of metabolic enzymes is more general than currently appreciated.
