INITIAL COMPARISON OF INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM EMBOLIZATION WITH MECHANICAL DETACHABLE SPIRALS AND WITH GUGLIELMI DETACHABLE COILS

Objective. To compare the embolization effects of intracranial aneurysms with mechanical detachable spirals (MDS) and with Guglielmi detachable coils (GDC).Methods. One hundred and twenty cases with 125 intracranial aneurysms were embolized in Beijing Hospital from March 1995 to July 1999. Sixty - six aneurysms in 64 cases were embolized with MDS, 51 in 48 with GDC, and 8 in 8 with both MDS and GDC. Clinical data including sex, age, subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), Hunt & Hess grading, diameter and neck width of aneurysms, number and length of coils used per aneurysm, occlusive ratio, and complications were compared between MDS and GDC groups.Results. MDS and GDC groups were comparable (t-test or x2 -test, all P value > 0. 10) in terms of age, sex, diameter of aneurysms [ (8. 46 ± 3. 42) mm vs. (7. 38 ± 3. 45) mm], neck width [ (3. 49 ± 1. 50) mm vs. (3. 26 ± 1. 52) mm], coils number[ (4. 65 ± 3. 01) vs. (4. 24 ± 2. 65) ] and their length[ (460. 2 ± 398. 5) mm vs. (422. 9 ±387. 1) mm] used per aneurysm, occlusive ratio in aneurysms embolized ≥80% [ (95. 00% ± 6. 32% ) vs. (94. 19% ± 7. 63% ) ], mortality and permanent complications (7. 8% vs. 4. 2% ).Conclusions. MDS and GDC are all materials for embolization of intracranial aneurysms. MDS is less expensive, but more difficult to control and of propensity to complications while GDC is more compliant, easier to be used, safer, and have many alternative types for use as well as more extensive indications.

Endovascular treatment of ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysms:A retrospective study of 24 patients

BACKGROUND Lobulated intracranial aneurysm is a special type of aneurysm with at least one additional cyst in the neck or body of the aneurysm.Lobulated intracranial aneurysm is a complex aneurysm with complex morphology and structure and weak tumor wall,which is an independent risk factor for rupture and hemorrhage.Lobular aneurysms located in the anterior communicating artery complex account for 36.9%of all intracranial lobular aneurysms.Due to its special anatomical structure,both craniotomy and endovascular treatment are more difficult.Compared with single-capsule aneurysms,craniotomy for lobular intracranial aneurysms has a higher risk and complication rate.AIM To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysm(ACoAA).METHODS Patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA received endovascular treatment in Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively included.Their demographic,clinical and imaging characteristics,endovascular treatment methods and follow-up results were collected.RESULTS A total of 24 patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA were included,including 9 males(37.5%)and 15 females(62.5%).Their age was 56.2±8.9 years old(range 39-74).The time from rupture to endovascular treatment was 10.9±12.5 h.The maximum diameter of the aneurysms was 5.1±1.0 mm and neck width were 3.0±0.7 mm.Nineteen patients(79.2%)were double-lobed and 5(20.8%)were multilobed.Fisher's grade:Grade 2 in 16 cases(66.7%),grade 3 in 6 cases(25%),and grade 4 in 2 cases(8.3%).Hunt-Hess grade:Grade 0-2 in 5 cases(20.8%),grade 3-5 in 19 cases(79.2%).Glasgow Coma Scale score:9-12 in 14 cases(58.3%),13-15 in 10 cases(41.7%).Immediately postprocedural Raymond-Roy grade:grade 1 in 23 cases(95.8%),grade 2 in 1 case(4.2%).Raymond-Roy grade in imaging follow-up for 2 wk to 3 months:grade 1 in 23 cases(95.8%),grade 2 in 1 case(4.2%).Followup for 2 to 12 months showed that 21 patients(87.5%)had good functional outcomes(modified Rankin Scale score≤2),and there were no deaths.CONCLUSION Endovascular treatment is a safe and effective treatment for ruptured lobulated AcoAA.

Developing a Scale for Measuring Uncertainty in Patients with Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms Undergoing Endovascular Coiling

A measure called the Uncertainty in Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysm Patients Undergoing Endovascular Coiling Scale (UUIACS) was developed and its validity and reliability were examined. The 49 questions that comprised the original draft of the UUIACS were created based on interview data. Based on data from 172 participants, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted. As a result of exploratory factor analysis, the UUIACS e retained 17 items and extracted four factors (“Lack of decision-making cues”, “Lack of information and complexity of information interpretation”, “The ambiguous nature of the disease”, and “The unpredictable living with UIA”). All of the UUIACS items showed adequate internal consistency. Between the UUIAC scale and the Universal Uncertainty in Illness Scale (UUIS), the Health Locus of Control (HLC) scale, and the SF-36v2&reg (Japanese version), positive correlations were found between the UUIACS and UUIS, and the HLC scale at a 1% significance level indicating concurrent validity. According to confirmatory factor analysis, the UUIACS had an acceptable goodness of fit. Given these findings, the UUIACS was judged to have satisfied the criteria for use in a clinical setting, although further investigation was required.

Endovascular coil embolization of parent artery for giant intracranial basilar dissection:a case report and literature review

Objective The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the method and result of endovascular treatment for a giant unruptured dissection of the basilar artery (BA) . Methods A 14-year-old boy underwent computed tomography (CT) scan following a minor head trauma was incidentally found a lesion located

Clinical evaluation of timing of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysm

Objective To evaluate the effects of endovascular embolization treatment for intracranial aneurysms in different time. Methods The clinical data of 165 cases of ruptured intracranial aneurysm treated by endovascular treatment were analysed retrospectively. The patients were divided into 3 groups accrodding to

Endovascular management in abdominal visceral arterial aneurysms:A pictorial essay

Visceral artery aneurysms(VAAs) include aneurysms of the splanchnic circulation and those of the renal artery.Their diagnosis is clinically important because of the associated high mortality and potential complications.Splenic,superior mesenteric,gastroduodenal,hepatic and renal arteries are some of the common arteries affected by VAAs.Though surgical resection and anastomosis still remains the treatment of choice in some of the cases,especially cases involving the proximal arteries,increasingly endovascular treatment is being used for more distal vessels.We present a pictorial review of various intra-abdominal VAAs and their endovascular management.

Safety and efficacy of complete versus near-complete coiling in treatment of intracranial aneurysms

Objective:This study aimed to evaluate the clinical and angiographic outcomes of aneurysms that were completely or near-completely embolized and ascertain whether complete embolization is important in the stent-assisted coiling(SAC)of intracranial aneurysms.Methods:This retrospective study enrolled 390 patients(417 aneurysms).Among them,complete(100%)or nearcomplete(>90%)angiographic obliteration of the aneurysms on immediate angiography was accomplished.Baseline characteristics,complications,angiography follow-up results,and clinical outcomes were analyzed.Results:Cumulative adverse events occurred in 30 patients(7.7%),including thromboembolic complications in 17(4.4%),intraoperative rupture in 10(2.6%),and others in 3(0.8%).Statistical analyses revealed an increased intraprocedural rupture rate in the initial completely occluded aneurysms(5.6%compared with 1.0%).The incidence of cumulative adverse events was higher in patients with completely occluded aneurysms(11.1%)than in those with near-completely occluded aneurysms(5.5%).Angiography follow-up was available for 173 aneurysms.Aneurysm occlusion status at follow-up was correlated with stent placement(p?0.000,odds ratio?5.847),size(p?0.000,odds ratio?6.446 for tiny aneurysms;and p?0.001,odds ratio?5.616 for small aneurysms),and initial aneurysm occlusion status(p?0.001,odds ratio?3.436).Complete occlusion at followup was seen in 82.6%of the initial complete occlusion group versus 63.0%of the initial near-complete occlusion group.The incidence of complete occlusion at follow-up was higher in the initial completely occluded aneurysms with SAC(100%)than in the initial completely occluded aneurysms with non-SAC(65.2%).Conclusions:Initial complete treatment may lead to higher complication rates and good clinical outcomes at follow-up.Stent placement may enhance progressive aneurysm occlusion.Initial complete occlusion with SAC can provide durable closure at follow-up.

Central retinal artery occlusion after endovascular coil embolization for internal carotid artery aneurysm

Dear Editor,We are writing this letter to report an unexpected rare caseofcentralretinalarteryocclusion(CRAO)happened after stent-assisted coiling for internal carotid artery(ICA)aneurysm in a female patient.CRAO is a devastating ocular emergency with poor visual prognosis and no universal acceptedtreatmentatpresent.CRAOisusuallyassociated witharterialhypertension,diabetesmellitus,renaldisease.

COMPARISON OF CELLULOSE ACETATE POLYMER AND ELECTROLYTIC DETACHABLE COILS FOR TREATMENT OF CANINE ANEURYSMAL MODELS

Electrolytic detachable coils (EDC) have been the main embolic materi als for intracranial aneurysms. Liquid aneurysmal embolic materials represented by cellulose acetate polymer (CAP) are still in controversy. In this research, t he embolization results and pathological reactions after embolization of canine aneurysmal models with EDC or CAP were observed and compared. Methods. The canine aneurysmal models constructed by anastomosis of venous pouch es were randomly grouped. The aneurysms were respectively occluded with CAP and electrolytic detachable coils that was named by Wu electrolytic detachable coil (WEDC) and made by us. Angiogram follow ups were performed at 24 hour, 2 week , and 2 month after embolization. The occluded aneurysms were dissected in each stage for light microscopic, electron microscopic, and histochemical research. Results. The effect of embolization was significantly better with WEDC than that with CAP . Post embolized complications such as aneurysm rupture and stenosis of parent arteries could only be found in CAP group. Pathol ogical research showed that CAP mass could packed the aneurysms more densely tha n coils. Acute chemical damage of aneurysmal wall and inflammatory cell infiltra tion was prominently found in early stage after CAP embolization. Organization of thrombus inside aneurysms and formation of endothelial tissue over the orific es of aneurysmal necks could be found in both groups 2 months after embolization . But parts of coils might be exposed outside endothelial layer. Conclusions. EDC are still the most safe, efficient, and reliable instruments to embolize aneurysm. CAP should be improved further to solve the problem of stron g chemical corrosion and difficulty in control before it is widely used.

Mechanical compression management of the right middle cerebral artery inferior trunk using a stent during coil embolization of middle cerebral artery aneurysms:A case report and literature review

Endovascular coil embolization is a minimally invasive,rapid,and effective method for the treatment of intracranial aneurysms.However,complications associated with coil embolization,such as intraoperative aneurysm rupture or arterial occlusion,should be promptly managed during the procedure to avoid catastrophic consequences.This study presents a case of mechanical compression management of the right middle cerebral artery(MCA)inferior trunk during coil embolization for bilateral MCA aneurysms.The inferior trunk of the right MCA was abruptly occluded due to mechanical compression during coil embolization of the right MCA bifurcation aneurysm.A Solitaire AB stent(4×20 mm,Covidien/Medtronic,Dublin,Ireland)was implanted in the inferior trunk of the right MCA after tirofiban was injected via a microcatheter,and the right inferior trunk was recanalized.The patient also underwent coil embolization of the left MCA bifurcation aneurysm,without any complications.It is crucial to recognize compressive occlusion of adjacent aneurysm branches to avoid severe complications during intracranial aneurysm embolization.Stent placement is a rescue treatment option for recanalization of an occluded artery.

Contrast-induced Encephalopathy after Endovascular Embolization of an Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysm:Case Report and Literature Review

We report a case of contrast-induced encephalopathy after endovascular embolization of an anterior communicating artery aneurysm.A 59-year-old woman was admitted to Tongliao Hospital for neurointerventional treatment due to a left anterior communicating artery aneurysm.She had a history of hypertension,which was controlled by regular medication.The contraindications were eliminated following a preoperative examination,and head computed tomography(CT)showed no abnormalities.After evaluation,interventional embolization was performed.Three hours postoperatively,the patient complained of a headache on the right side,which was accompanied by frequent nausea.Emergency head CT showed no intracranial hemorrhage,obvious brain tissue edema in the right cerebral hemisphere,blurred sulcus/gyrus,or metal artifacts(spring coils)in the left frontal lobe.The patient was diagnosed with contrast-induced encephalopathy(CIE).This patient achieved good prognosis through timely and reasonable treatment.CIE is very rare clinically,improper treatment may lead to irreversible clinical outcomes;it should cause alarm to doctors.

PED+Coils与单纯PED治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤术后并发症的护理

目的探讨PED+Coils与单纯PED治疗颅内复杂动脉瘤并发症的护理。方法回顾性分析本中心连续使用PED治疗35例患者的临床资料,根据2组患者围术期并发症情况,有针对性地采取相应的护理方案,包括脑缺血的护理、脑出血的护理、神经功能障碍的护理、心理护理、专业的出院指导及延续性护理在随访中的应用等。结果 35例患者中,PED+Coils组15例,单纯PED组21例。手术成功率100%。共使用PED 40枚,支架开放不良5例,其中PED+Coils组4例,单纯PED组1例。缺血性并发症4例(11.4%),其中PED+Coils组1例(6.7%),单纯PED组3例(14.2%),均为轻微脑梗死。PED+Coils组出血性并发症1例,为导丝操作相关性,右侧肌力0级。经相关护理和康复指导,除1例永久致残性并发症患者外,其余患者无遗留神经功能缺失。1例永久致残性并发症患者给予专业的康复训练,出院时左侧上肢肌力3级,左下肢肌力4^-级。结论专业的护理是保证患者并发症预后的关键。

Regenerative material for aneurysm embolizationA 3-dimensional culture system of fibroblasts and calcium alginate gel

Calcium alginate gel（CAG） has been shown to successfully model aneurysm embolization within a short period of time.However,gradually degrading CAG potentially results in aneurysm recanaliza-tion.In the present study,a regenerative embolic material was designed by seeding rat fibroblasts in a CAG.The study investigated the feasibility of constructing a 3-dimensional culture system.The fibroblasts grew well and firmly attached to the CAG.CAG was conducive for fibroblast growth,and resulted in a 3-dimensional culture system.Results show that CAG can be used theoretically as a vascular,regenerative,embolic material.

血管内治疗小脑后下动脉瘤24例临床经验

目的 探讨血管内治疗小脑后下动脉(PICA)瘤的治疗策略、安全性及临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析安徽医科大学第一附属医院2017年7月至2022年1月行血管内治疗的24例PICA动脉瘤病人的临床资料(其中,PICA近端13例、过渡段1例、远端10例;以蛛网膜下腔出血首诊的21例、未破裂动脉瘤3例),单纯栓塞12例、动脉瘤及载瘤动脉闭塞7例(闭塞材料使用弹簧圈3例、Onyx胶4例)、支架辅助弹簧圈栓塞5例。术后随访3~24个月。结果 24例PICA动脉瘤病人术中动脉瘤均栓塞顺利。23例病人无近期并发症,1例出血病人合并严重脑血管痉挛自动出院(临床预估死亡)。随访结果:19病人远期随访无复发;4例复发,其中2例二期行支架辅助栓塞,后期随访良好、未再复发;1例首次支架辅助栓塞病人再次行穿支架网孔弹簧圈单纯栓塞,后期随访良好、未再复发;1例首次单纯栓塞病人再次行弹簧圈栓塞,后期随访良好、未再复发。结论 血管内治疗PICA动脉瘤安全、可行,疗效可靠。根据动脉瘤血管解剖位置,对于破裂出血的PICA动脉瘤首次治疗倾向单纯栓塞或载瘤动脉闭塞术。首次单栓病例术后复发,可二期行支架辅助栓塞能取得满意效果。对于复发动脉瘤经再次血管内治疗可获得满意效果。

超早期介入栓塞破裂颅内动脉瘤治疗体会

目的 研究在破裂出血急性期的颅内动脉瘤患者中,超早期(24 h内)采取介入栓塞治疗的临床疗效。方法 回顾性分析安徽医科大学附属滁州医院(滁州市第一人民医院)神经外科2020年4月—2022年7月收治的51例急诊破裂颅内动脉瘤患者,所有患者均在24 h内采取介入栓塞治疗,对患者临床资料、治疗效果、术后并发症等情况进行总结。结合Raymond分级标准,对术中及术后栓塞情况进行分析,以格拉斯哥预后评分(GOS)为基础,对患者预后情况进行评估。结果 所有患者介入栓塞手术均成功完成,其中RaymondⅠ级栓塞35例,Ⅱ级及Ⅲ级栓塞分别有10例、6例,其中动脉瘤术中破裂3例,予以快速填塞弹簧圈等急救措施后完全栓塞;4例患者发生血栓事件,给予替罗非班溶栓等措施后血流恢复。患者预后情况用GOS评分进行评估,其中良好、轻度残疾、重度残疾、死亡患者数量分别为36例、8例、4例、3例,死亡率为5.88%,总体预后良好。结论 急诊超早期对破裂的颅内动脉瘤患者采取栓塞方法治疗,可以减少动脉瘤二次破裂出血的机会,提高患者生存率及生存质量。

经桡动脉入路与股动脉入路应用血流导向装置治疗颅内动脉瘤的效果对比分析

目的对比分析经桡动脉入路(TRA)与经股动脉入路(TFA)行Pipeline血流导向装置(PED)置入治疗颅内动脉瘤的安全性及有效性。方法回顾性连续纳入2022年1—12月入住郑州大学第一附属医院神经介入科的颅内动脉瘤患者139例,均使用PED治疗。依据通路不同,将颅内动脉瘤患者分为TRA组(20例)和TFA组(119例)。记录并对比分析两组患者的人口学信息(年龄、性别)、相关危险因素(高血压病、糖尿病、吸烟史、卒中史)、动脉瘤相关数据[动脉瘤形态(囊状、非囊状)、数量(单发、多发)、部位(前循环、后循环、分叉部)、瘤颈、载瘤动脉直径、瘤囊、是否为复发动脉瘤、是否合并分支]、有效性终点(通路建立后PED置入成功,且完全覆盖瘤颈口)、安全性终点(术中及术后穿刺部位、神经系统并发症)。穿刺部位并发症包括穿刺部位血肿、桡动脉痉挛、桡动脉闭塞等,神经系统并发症包括急性期支架内血栓形成、术中及术后卒中等。结果两组患者人口学信息、相关危险因素、动脉瘤相关数据的组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。两组手术通路均成功建立且PED置入成功,未发生术中通路转换。TRA组20例患者中,发生术后穿刺部位血肿1例,穿刺部位并发症发生率为5.0%;术后神经系统并发症1例,其发生率为5.0%;无术中安全性终点事件。TFA组119例患者中,发生术后穿刺部位血肿4例、动静脉瘘1例、假性动脉瘤5例,穿刺部位并发症发生率为8.4%;术后神经系统并发症8例,其发生率为6.7%;无术中安全性终点事件。两组患者术后安全性终点事件发生率的差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论初步分析表明,TRA与TFA行PED置入治疗颅内动脉瘤的有效性及安全性相当。

血管内介入栓塞术在颅内动脉瘤患者中的效果及对应激反应的影响

目的:探讨颅内动脉瘤患者行血管内介入栓塞术的疗效及应激反应的变化情况。方法:选取2021年4月至2023年10月济源市人民医院就诊并住院治疗的颅内动脉瘤手术患者102例为此次试验的对象。采用随机数字表法将患者分成两组,对照组20例,观察组82例。观察组采用血管内介入栓塞术治疗,对照组采用开颅夹闭术治疗。比较两组临床治疗效果、氧化应激指标、神经功能及术后并发症。结果:观察组临床疗效总有效率97.56%高于对照组75.00%。术后第7天观察组MDA水平低于对照组,SOD水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。术后第7天,与对照组相比,观察组NIHSS评分显著更低,MBI评分显著更高(P<0.05)。与对照组50.00%并发症发生率比较,观察组6.10%显著更低(P<0.05)。结论:采用血管内介入栓塞术治疗颅内动脉瘤患者,临床治疗效果较好,可以有效地调整其氧化应激状态,促进神经功能的恢复、提高日常生活能力,减少术后并发症的发生。

Neuroform支架与LVIS/LVIS Jr支架联合弹簧圈栓塞术治疗颅内动脉瘤患者的效果对比

目的:探讨Neuroform支架与LVIS/LVIS Jr支架联合弹簧圈栓塞术对颅内动脉瘤(IA)患者脑血流灌注指标及预后的影响。方法:回顾性分析2021年9月—2022年12月荣成市人民医院108例IA患者的临床资料,按照手术所用支架的不同分为对照组与研究组,各54例。对照组采用Neuroform支架联合弹簧圈栓塞术治疗,研究组采用LVIS/LVIS Jr支架联合弹簧圈栓塞术治疗。比较两组脑血流灌注指标、神经营养标志物水平、远期预后及并发症发生情况。结果:术后1周,两组患侧局部颅内压(ICP)均低于术前,脑血容量(rCBV)均高于术前,且研究组ICP低于对照组,rCBV高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1周,两组S-100B蛋白、神经生长因子(NGF)水平均低于术前,且研究组S-100B蛋白、NGF水平低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年,研究组改良Rankin量表评分、动脉瘤血管再通率均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后1年,研究组支架内血栓发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),脑血管痉挛、载瘤动脉狭窄、弹簧圈逃逸的发生率比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:采用LVIS/LVIS Jr支架联合弹簧圈栓塞术治疗IA患者,可改善脑血流灌注指标、神经营养标志物水平、远期预后,降低支架内血栓发生率。

三种不同支架置入辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效及安全性比较

目的:比较Solitaire AB、Neuroform、Lvis/Lvis jr支架分别置入辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的疗效及安全性。方法:回顾性分析接受弹簧圈栓塞治疗的103例颅内动脉瘤患者的临床资料,根据治疗方案将其分为Solitaire AB组(n=37),Neuroform组(n=34)及Lvis/Lvis jr组(n=32),比较各组患者的治疗效果及安全性。结果:各组患者支架均定位满意,且成功释放,技术成功率均为100%。术后即刻、术后6个月,Lvis/Lvis jr组Raymond分级优于Solitaire AB组和Neuroform组(P<0.05)。治疗后,各组患者血清神经生长因子(NGF)、S-100B蛋白表达水平均降低(P<0.05),且Lvis/Lvis jr组低于Solitaire AB组和Neurofor组(P<0.05)。术后6个月,各组患者屏气前动脉平均血流流速(Vm)、屏气后Vm、屏气指数(BHI)及改良Rankin量表(mRs)评分比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。各组患者并发症总发生率比较:Lvis/Lvis jr组低于Solitaire AB组和Neuroform组(P<0.05)。结论:Lvis/Lvis jr支架置入辅助弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内动脉瘤的短期疗效及安全性优于Solitaire AB、Neuroform支架。

低剂量替罗非班用于急性颅内破裂动脉瘤支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗的有效性和安全性分析

目的探讨低剂量替罗非班用于支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗急性颅内破裂动脉瘤的有效性和安全性。方法回顾性连续纳入2011年4月至2020年9月常州市第一人民医院神经外科收治的颅内动脉瘤破裂伴蛛网膜下腔出血并于入院24~48 h内行支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞且使用抗血小板聚集药物治疗患者335例,根据抗血小板聚集药物治疗方案的不同,将患者分为双抗组(89例)和替罗非班组(246例)。收集所有患者的基线及临床资料并进行组间比较,包括年龄、性别、高血压病、糖尿病、入院Hunt-Hess分级、入院改良Fisher量表评分、动脉瘤直径(>5 mm、≤5 mm)、动脉瘤位置(前循环、后循环)及术后急性脑积水或脑室积血、术后即刻动脉瘤栓塞情况。所有患者颅内动脉瘤破裂伴蛛网膜下腔出血均为入院后急诊头部CT平扫确认。术后即刻采用Raymond分级标准评估栓塞效果:Ⅰ级指完全不显影(完全栓塞),Ⅱ级指仅瘤颈显影(不完全栓塞),Ⅲ级指瘤体显影,其中Raymond分级Ⅰ~Ⅱ级为有效栓塞。替罗非班组:在动脉瘤瘤腔内填入弹簧圈后、支架释放时,给予4.2μg/kg替罗非班静脉注射后以0.07μg/(kg·min)静脉滴注维持6~8 h,并在停止静脉滴注2 h前予序贯阿司匹林100 mg与氯吡格雷75 mg双联抗血小板聚集药物治疗。双抗组:至少于支架置入前2 h给予顿服负荷剂量阿司匹林300 mg+氯吡格雷300 mg,术后第2天给予阿司匹林100 mg+氯吡格雷75 mg。所有患者均接受术后持续口服6个月阿司匹林(100 mg/d)和术后持续口服3个月氯吡格雷(75 mg/d)治疗。观察并比较两组有效性指标、安全性指标、不良事件及其他并发症发生情况,其中有效性指标为术中及术后72 h内血栓事件发生率,安全性指标为术中及术后早期(术后48 h以内)颅内出血事件发生率、术后晚期(术后48 h及以后)颅内出血事件发生率和脑室外引流相关颅内出血事件(症状性、无症状性)发生率,不良事件为药物相关血小板减少症发生情况,其他并发症指延迟性脑缺血事件发生情况。采用改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分评估患者术后180 d临床预后,将mRS评分≤2分定义为预后良好,mRS评分>2分为预后不良,其中6分为死亡。结果(1)替罗非班组与双抗组的基线及临床资料的组间差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。(2)替罗非班组与双抗组术后180 d良好预后[75.2%(185/246)比74.2%(66/89),P=0.845]及死亡[10.2%(25/246)比12.4%(11/89),P=0.566]患者比例差异均无统计学意义。(3)抗血小板聚集方案有效性比较结果显示,替罗非班组与双抗组术中[0.8%(2/246)比4.5%(4/89),P=0.075]、术后72 h血栓事件[11.0%(27/246)比13.5%(12/89),P=0.527]发生比例差异均无统计学意义。(4)抗血小板聚集方案安全性比较结果显示,替罗非班组术后早期颅内出血事件发生率低于双抗组[2.8%(7/246)比10.1%(9/89),P=0.014],接受脑室外引流术发生症状性脑室外引流相关颅内出血事件患者比例组间差异无统计学意义(0比2/15,P=0.050)。两组术中颅内出血事件(1.6%比3.4%,P=0.580)、术后晚期颅内出血事件(3.3%比4.5%,P=0.836)、药物相关血小板减少症(0.4%比1.1%,P=0.461)发生比例差异均无统计学意义。结论低剂量替罗非班方案用于支架置入结合弹簧圈栓塞治疗颅内急性破裂动脉瘤在预防血栓事件方面与双抗效果类似,且不增加早期出血事件发生率。