Subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with high morbidity and mortality and lacks effective treatment.Pyroptosis is a crucial mechanism underlying early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Previous studies have...Subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with high morbidity and mortality and lacks effective treatment.Pyroptosis is a crucial mechanism underlying early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Previous studies have confirmed that tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6(TSG-6)can exert a neuroprotective effect by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis.However,no study to date has explored whether TSG-6 can alleviate pyroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.In this study,a C57BL/6J mouse model of subarachnoid hemorrhage was established using the endovascular perforation method.Our results indicated that TSG-6 expression was predominantly detected in astrocytes,along with NLRC4 and gasdermin-D(GSDMD).The expression of NLRC4,GSDMD and its N-terminal domain(GSDMD-N),and cleaved caspase-1 was significantly enhanced after subarachnoid hemorrhage and accompanied by brain edema and neurological impairment.To explore how TSG-6 affects pyroptosis during early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage,recombinant human TSG-6 or a siRNA targeting TSG-6 was injected into the cerebral ventricles.Exogenous TSG-6 administration downregulated the expression of NLRC4 and pyroptosis-associated proteins and alleviated brain edema and neurological deficits.Moreover,TSG-6 knockdown further increased the expression of NLRC4,which was accompanied by more severe astrocyte pyroptosis.In summary,our study revealed that TSG-6 provides neuroprotection against early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage by suppressing NLRC4 inflammasome activation-induced astrocyte pyroptosis.展开更多
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS)is a highly malignant tumor of unknown histological origin.This tumor can occur in various parts of the body,including those without synovial structures,but mainly in and around the join...BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS)is a highly malignant tumor of unknown histological origin.This tumor can occur in various parts of the body,including those without synovial structures,but mainly in and around the joints,mostly in the lower extremities.Primary intracranial SSs are remarkably rare.This paper aims to report a case of primary intracranial SS with hemorrhage.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old male patient suffered a headache and slurred speech during manual labor and was sent to the emergency department.Through imaging examination,the patient was considered to have high-grade glioma complicated with hemorrhage and was treated with craniotomy.Postoperative pathology revealed SS.positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed,which ruled out the possibility of metastasis to the intracranial from other parts of the body.Postoperative radiotherapy was given to the patient,during which radiation necrosis occurred.Sixteen months after craniotomy,cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed recurrence of the tumor.CONCLUSION Primary intracranial SS is a rare malignant tumor.Primary intracranial SS with hemorrhage and radiation necrosis should be carefully monitored during postoperative radiotherapy.Surgical resection of the tumor combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy is currently used,but the prognosis is poor.展开更多
BACKGROUND Intracranial hemorrhage is extremely rare during the initial stages of glioma.Here,we report a case of glioma with unclassified pathology and intracranial bleeding.CASE SUMMARY After the second surgery for ...BACKGROUND Intracranial hemorrhage is extremely rare during the initial stages of glioma.Here,we report a case of glioma with unclassified pathology and intracranial bleeding.CASE SUMMARY After the second surgery for intracerebral hemorrhage,the patient experienced weakness in the left arm and leg,but could walk unassisted.One month after discharge,the weakness in the left limbs had exacerbated and the patient also suffered from headaches and dizziness.A third surgery was ineffective against the rapidly growing tumor.Intracerebral hemorrhage may be the initial symptom of glioma in some rare cases,and atypical perihematomal edema can be used for diagnosis during an emergency.Certain histological and molecular features seen in our case were similar to that of glioblastoma with a primitive neuronal component,which is termed diffuse glioneuronal tumor with features similar to oligodendroglioma and nuclear clusters(DGONC).The patient underwent three surgeries to remove the tumor.The first tumor resection had been performed when the patient was 14-years-old.Resection of the hemorrhage and bone disc decompression were performed when the patient was 39-years-old.One month after the last discharge,the patient underwent neuronavigation-assisted resection of the right frontotemporal parietal lesion plus extended flap decompression.On the 50^(th)d after the third operation,computed tomography imaging showed rapid tumor growth accompanied by brain hernia.The patient was discharged and died 3 d later.CONCLUSION Glioma can present as bleeding in the initial stage and should be considered in such a setting.We have reported a case of DGONC,which is a rare molecular subtype of glioma with a unique methylation profile.展开更多
Subependymomas are rare brain tumors derived from the ventricular system and are usually asymptomatic. The interest of this report is to demonstrate that subependymomas can very exceptionally present bilaterally and w...Subependymomas are rare brain tumors derived from the ventricular system and are usually asymptomatic. The interest of this report is to demonstrate that subependymomas can very exceptionally present bilaterally and with hemorrhage. A 69-year-old woman presented with headache, ataxia, and focal neurologic deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bilateral intra-axial lesion with unilateral hemorrhage. Patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor and the pathology was consistent with subependymoma. Postoperatively, patient recovered progressively with improvement of symptoms. This is the first case of a subependymoma that is both bilateral and hemorrhagic, two rare occurrences previously mutually exclusive in literature for this type of tumor. In the present case report we perform a review of the literature to analyze and compare retrospectively all other cases of hemorrhagic subependymomas.展开更多
基金supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81974178(to CD).
文摘Subarachnoid hemorrhage is associated with high morbidity and mortality and lacks effective treatment.Pyroptosis is a crucial mechanism underlying early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.Previous studies have confirmed that tumor necrosis factor-stimulated gene-6(TSG-6)can exert a neuroprotective effect by suppressing oxidative stress and apoptosis.However,no study to date has explored whether TSG-6 can alleviate pyroptosis in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage.In this study,a C57BL/6J mouse model of subarachnoid hemorrhage was established using the endovascular perforation method.Our results indicated that TSG-6 expression was predominantly detected in astrocytes,along with NLRC4 and gasdermin-D(GSDMD).The expression of NLRC4,GSDMD and its N-terminal domain(GSDMD-N),and cleaved caspase-1 was significantly enhanced after subarachnoid hemorrhage and accompanied by brain edema and neurological impairment.To explore how TSG-6 affects pyroptosis during early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage,recombinant human TSG-6 or a siRNA targeting TSG-6 was injected into the cerebral ventricles.Exogenous TSG-6 administration downregulated the expression of NLRC4 and pyroptosis-associated proteins and alleviated brain edema and neurological deficits.Moreover,TSG-6 knockdown further increased the expression of NLRC4,which was accompanied by more severe astrocyte pyroptosis.In summary,our study revealed that TSG-6 provides neuroprotection against early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage by suppressing NLRC4 inflammasome activation-induced astrocyte pyroptosis.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81971085.
文摘BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma(SS)is a highly malignant tumor of unknown histological origin.This tumor can occur in various parts of the body,including those without synovial structures,but mainly in and around the joints,mostly in the lower extremities.Primary intracranial SSs are remarkably rare.This paper aims to report a case of primary intracranial SS with hemorrhage.CASE SUMMARY A 35-year-old male patient suffered a headache and slurred speech during manual labor and was sent to the emergency department.Through imaging examination,the patient was considered to have high-grade glioma complicated with hemorrhage and was treated with craniotomy.Postoperative pathology revealed SS.positron emission tomography/computed tomography was performed,which ruled out the possibility of metastasis to the intracranial from other parts of the body.Postoperative radiotherapy was given to the patient,during which radiation necrosis occurred.Sixteen months after craniotomy,cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed recurrence of the tumor.CONCLUSION Primary intracranial SS is a rare malignant tumor.Primary intracranial SS with hemorrhage and radiation necrosis should be carefully monitored during postoperative radiotherapy.Surgical resection of the tumor combined with postoperative radiotherapy and chemotherapy is currently used,but the prognosis is poor.
基金Supported by Zhenjiang Municipal Health Commission,No.SH2019081.
文摘BACKGROUND Intracranial hemorrhage is extremely rare during the initial stages of glioma.Here,we report a case of glioma with unclassified pathology and intracranial bleeding.CASE SUMMARY After the second surgery for intracerebral hemorrhage,the patient experienced weakness in the left arm and leg,but could walk unassisted.One month after discharge,the weakness in the left limbs had exacerbated and the patient also suffered from headaches and dizziness.A third surgery was ineffective against the rapidly growing tumor.Intracerebral hemorrhage may be the initial symptom of glioma in some rare cases,and atypical perihematomal edema can be used for diagnosis during an emergency.Certain histological and molecular features seen in our case were similar to that of glioblastoma with a primitive neuronal component,which is termed diffuse glioneuronal tumor with features similar to oligodendroglioma and nuclear clusters(DGONC).The patient underwent three surgeries to remove the tumor.The first tumor resection had been performed when the patient was 14-years-old.Resection of the hemorrhage and bone disc decompression were performed when the patient was 39-years-old.One month after the last discharge,the patient underwent neuronavigation-assisted resection of the right frontotemporal parietal lesion plus extended flap decompression.On the 50^(th)d after the third operation,computed tomography imaging showed rapid tumor growth accompanied by brain hernia.The patient was discharged and died 3 d later.CONCLUSION Glioma can present as bleeding in the initial stage and should be considered in such a setting.We have reported a case of DGONC,which is a rare molecular subtype of glioma with a unique methylation profile.
文摘Subependymomas are rare brain tumors derived from the ventricular system and are usually asymptomatic. The interest of this report is to demonstrate that subependymomas can very exceptionally present bilaterally and with hemorrhage. A 69-year-old woman presented with headache, ataxia, and focal neurologic deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a bilateral intra-axial lesion with unilateral hemorrhage. Patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor and the pathology was consistent with subependymoma. Postoperatively, patient recovered progressively with improvement of symptoms. This is the first case of a subependymoma that is both bilateral and hemorrhagic, two rare occurrences previously mutually exclusive in literature for this type of tumor. In the present case report we perform a review of the literature to analyze and compare retrospectively all other cases of hemorrhagic subependymomas.
