Evaluation of Application Value of 30 Introduced Flowering Shrubs in Landscape in Hefei City Based on AHP Method

The application effect of 30 introduced flowering shrubs in landscape in Hefei City was comprehensively evaluated by the analytic hierarchy process(APH).A comprehensive evaluation model was established by using factors such as plant type,resistance and drought tolerance of introduced flowering shrubs.The results show that the application effect of grade-I introduced flowering shrubs(including 12 kinds,e.g.Lantanacamara)was the best(j≥2.6),and that of grade-II introduced flowering shrubs(including 14 kinds,e.g.Abelia×grandiflora‘Francis Mason’)was better(2.2≤j<2.6),while that of grade-III introduced flowering shrubs(including 4 kinds,e.g.Ligustrum×vicaryi)was moderate(j<2.2).The evaluation results can provide reference for the application effect of introduced flowering shrubs in landscape in Hefei City.

Intercontinental comparison of phylogenetic relatedness in introduced plants at the transition from naturalization to invasion:A case study on the floras of South Africa and China

Invasive species may pose significant threats to biodiversity and ecosystem structure and functioning.The number of introduced species that have become invasive is substantial and is rapidly increasing.Identifying potentially invasive species and preventing their expansion are of critical importance in invasion ecology.Phylogenetic relatedness between invasive and native species has been used in predicting invasion success.Previous studies on the phylogenetic relatedness of plants at the transition from naturalization to invasion have shown mixed results,which may be because different methods were used in different studies.Here,I use the same method to analyze two comprehensive data sets from South Africa and China,using two phylogenetic metrics reflecting deep and shallow evolutionary histories,to address the question whether the probability of becoming invasive is higher for naturalized species distantly related to the native flora.My study suggests that the probability of becoming invasive is higher for naturalized species closely related to the native flora.The finding of my study is consistent with Darwin's preadaptation hypothesis.

Treating ballast water with hydroxyl radical on introduced organisms

With physical method of micro-gap gas discharge, a large amount of hydroxyl radical can be produced in 20t/h pilot-scale system using the ionization of 02 and H2O. In this paper, the effect of biochemistry of hydroxyl radicals on introduced organisms in ballast water was experimentally investigated. The results indicate that the contents of chlorophyl-a, chlorophyl-b, chlorophyl-c and carotenoid are decreased by 35%-4% within 8.0s and further to the lowest limit of test 5 minutes. In addition, the main reasons of cell death are the lipid peroxidation, the strong destruction to the monose, amylose, protein, DNA and RNA of cell, and damage in CAT, POD and SOD of antioxidant enzyme system.

Effects of Hydroxyl Radicals on Introduced Organisms of Ship's Ballast Water Based Micro-Gap Discharge

With the physical method of micro-gap gas discharge, OH. radicals were produced by the ionization of O2 in air and H2O in the gaseous state, in order to explore more effective method totreat the ship＇s ballast water. The surface morphology of Al2O3 dielectric layer was analysed using Atomic Force Microscopy （AFM）, where the size of Al2O3 particles was in the range of 2 μm to 5 μm. At the same time, the biochemical effect of hydroxyl radicals on the introduced organisms and the quality of ship＇s ballast water were studied. The results indicate that the main reasons of cell death are lipid peroxide and damage of the antioxidant enzyme system in Catalase （CAT）, Peroxidase （POD） and Superoxide dismutase （SOD）. In addition, the quality of the ballast water was greatly improved.

Does a shift in shade tolerance as suggested by seedling morphology explain differences in regeneration success of northern red oak in native and introduced ranges?

Across North America, forests dominated by Quercus rubra L. (northern red oak), a moderately shade-tolerant tree species, are undergoing successional replacement by shade-tolerant competitors. Under closed canopies, Q. rubra seedlings are unable to compete with these shade-tolerant species and do not recruit to upper forest strata. In Europe, natural regeneration of introduced Q. rubra is often successful despite the absence of fire, which promotes regeneration in the native range. Considering that understorey light availability is a major factor affecting recruitment of seedlings, we hypothesized that Q. rubra seedlings are more shade tolerant in the introduced range than in the native range. Morphological traits and biomass allocation patterns of seedlings indicative of shade tolerance were compared for Q. rubra and three co-occurring native species in two closed-canopy forests in the native range (Ontario, Canada) and introduced range (Baden-Württemburg, Germany). In the native range, Q. rubra allocated a greater proportion of biomass to roots, while in the introduced range, growth and allocation patterns favored the development of leaves. Q. rubra seedlings had greater annual increases in height, diameter and biomass in the introduced range. Q. rubra seedlings in the introduced range were also younger;however, they had a mean area per leaf and a total leaf area per seedling that were five times greater than seedlings in the native range. Such differences in morphological traits and allocation patterns support the hypothesis that Q. rubra expresses greater shade tolerance in the introduced range, and that natural regeneration of Q. rubra is not as limited by shade as in the native range. The ability of Q. rubra seedlings to grow faster under closed canopies in Europe may explain the discrepancy in regeneration success of this species in native and introduced ranges. Future research should confirm findings of this study over a greater geographical range in native and introduced ecosystems, and examine the genetic and environmental bases of observed differences in plant traits.

Evaluation and Selection of Introduced Tree Species in the Beijing-Tianjin Corridor

Based on the extensive analysis of natural and social conditions,regional development,and characteristics of tree species in the Beijing-Tianjin corridor,a comprehensive evaluation index system that consists of A,B,C,D layers was established for introduced tree species.Nine local representative introduced tree species were evaluated using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP).The results showed that Platanus orientalis,Quercus mongolicus,and Zizyphusjujube performed better comprehensively and were recommended as the dominant introduced tree species in the Beijing-Tianjin corridor.Other representative introduced tree species should be appropriately developed in the region.Main factors that should be taken into account for introduced tree species including drought tolerance,wintering habit,growth rate,leanness tolerance,pollution tolerance,saline tolerance,and disease resistance.

Should Women-Only Subway Carriages Be Introduced?

Guangzhou, capital of south China＇s Guangdong Province, stirred up much public debate recently after it began to operate womenonly carriages on June 28.

Resilience and response:Unveiling the impacts of extreme droughts on forests through integrated dendrochronological and remote sensing analyses

Extreme droughts are anticipated to have detrimental impacts on forest ecosystems,especially in water-limited regions,due to the influence of climate change.However,considerable uncertainty remains regarding the patterns in species-specific responses to extreme droughts.Here,we conducted a study integrating dendrochronology and remote sensing methods to investigate the mosaic-distributed maple-oak(native)natural forests and poplar plantations(introduced)in the Horqin Sandy Land,Northeast China.We assessed the impacts of extreme droughts on tree performances by measuring interannual variations in radial growth and vegetation index.The results showed that precipitation and self-calibrated palmer drought severity index(scPDSI)are the major factors influencing tree-ring width index(RWI)and normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI).The severe droughts between 2000 and 2004 resulted in reduced RWI in the three studied tree species as well as led to NDVI reductions in both the maple-oak natural forests and the poplar plantations.The RWI reached the nadir during the2000-2004 severe droughts and remained at low levels two years after the severe drought,creating a legacy effect.In contrast to the lack of significant correlation between RWI and scPDSI,NDVI exhibited a significant positive correlation with scPDSI indicating the greater sensitivity of canopy performance to droughts than radial growth.Furthermore,interspecific differences in RWI and NDVI responses were observed,with the fast-growing poplar species experiencing a more significant RWI decrease and more negative NDVI anomaly during severe droughts than native species,highlighting the species-specific trade-offs between drought resilience and growth rate.This study emphasizes the importance of combining tree-level radial growth with landscape-scale canopy remote sensing to understand forest resilience and response.Our study improves our understanding of forest responses to extreme drought and highlights species differences in climate responses,offering crucial insights for optimizing species selection in sustainable afforestation and forest management in water-limited regions under the influence of climate change.

Genetic and Agronomic Parameter Estimates of Growth, Yield and Related Traits of Maize (Zea mays L.) under Different Rates of Nitrogen Fertilization

This study evaluated the genetic and agronomic parameter estimates of maize under different nitrogen rates. The trial was established at the Njala Agricultural Research Centre experimental site during 2021 and 2022 in a split block design with three maize varieties (IWCD2, 2009EVDT, and DMR-ESR-Yellow) and seven nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150 and 180 kg∙N∙ha−1) rates. Findings showed that cob diameter and anthesis silking time (ASI) had intermediate heritability, ASI had high genetic advance, ASI and grain yield had high genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV), while traits with high phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) were plant height, ASI, grain yield, number of kernel per cob, number of kernel rows, ear length, and ear height. The PCV values were higher than GCV, indicating the influence of the environment in the studied traits. Nitrogen rates and variety significantly (p < 0.05) influenced grain yield production. Mean grain yields and economic parameter estimates increased with increasing nitrogen rates, with the 30 and 180 kg∙N∙ha−1 plots exhibiting the lowest and highest grain yields of 1238 kg∙ha−1 and 2098 kg∙ha−1, respectively. Variety and nitrogen effects on partial factor productivity (PFPN), agronomic efficiency (AEN), net returns (NR), value cost ratio (VCR) and marginal return (MR) indicated that these parameters were significantly affected (p < 0.05) by these factors. The highest PFPN (41.3 kg grain kg−1∙N) and AEN (29.4 kg grain kg−1∙N) were obtained in the 30 kg∙N∙ha−1 plots, while the highest VCR (2.8) and MR (SLL 1.8 SLL−1 spent on N) were obtained in the 180 kg∙N∙ha−1. The significant influence of variety and nitrogen on traits suggests that increasing yields and maximizing profits require use of appropriate nitrogen fertilization and improved farming practices that could be exploited for increased productivity of maize.

Introducer法经皮内镜下胃造瘘术对食管癌伴吞咽困难患者的效果

目的探讨Introducer法经皮内镜下胃造瘘术治疗食管癌伴吞咽困难患者的效果。方法选取河南科技大学第一附属医院微创肿瘤科2020年3月至2022年9月收治的96例食管癌伴吞咽困难患者作为研究对象,根据手术方式将患者分为Pull法组和Introducer法组各48例,分别用Pull法或Introducer法行经皮内镜下胃造瘘术建立肠内营养通路,对比两组患者造瘘管更换率、营养状况、炎症因子水平和并发症发生率。结果两组患者院外随访期间造瘘管更换率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,Introducer法组患者TSF、上臂肌围、FFMI、血红蛋白、白蛋白、前白蛋白水平均高于Pull法组(P<0.05);治疗后,Introducer法组IL-6水平、TNF-α水平均低于Pull法组(P<0.05);两组患者术后并发症总发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论Introducer法经皮内镜下胃造瘘术可以改善食管癌伴吞咽困难患者的自身营养水平,降低炎症反应水平。

Autonomous Recommendation of Fault Detection Algorithms for Spacecraft

Dear Editor, This letter deals with the problem of algorithm recommendation for online fault detection of spacecraft. By transforming the time series data into distributions and introducing a distribution-aware measure, a principal method is designed for quantifying the detectabilities of fault detection algorithms over special datasets.

Diversity, frequency, and geographic distribution of facultative bacterial endosymbionts in introduced aphid pests

Facultative bacterial endosymbionts in insects have been under intense study during the last years. Endosymbionts can modify the insect＇s phenotype, conferring adap- tive advantages under environmental stress. This seems particularly relevant for a group of worldwide agricultural aphid pests, because endosymbionts modify key fitness-related traits, including host plant use, protection against natural enemies and heat tolerance. Aimed to understand the role of facultative endosymbionts on the success of introduced aphid pests, the distribution and abundance of 5 facultative endosymbionts （Hamiltonella defensa, Regiella insecticola, Serratia symbiotica, Rickettsia and Spiroplasma） were stud- ied and compared in 4 cereal aphids （Sitobion avenae, Diuraphis noxia, Metopolophium dirhodum and Schizaphis graminium） and in the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum complex from 2 agroclimatic zones in Chile. Overall, infections with faeultative endosymbionts exhibited a highly variable and characteristic pattern depending on the aphid species/host race and geographic zone, which could explain the success of aphid pest populations after their introduction. While S. symbiotica and H. defensa were the most frequent endosym- bionts carried by the A. pisum pea-race and A. pisum alfalfa-race aphids, respectively, the most frequent facultative endosymbiont carried by all cereal aphids was R. insecticola. Interestingly, a highly variable composition of endosymbionts carried by S. avenae was also observed between agroclimatic zones, suggesting that endosymbionts are responding differentially to abiotic variables （temperature and precipitations）. In addition, our findings constitute the first report of bacterial endosymbionts in cereal aphid species not screened before, and also the first report of aphid endosymbionts in Chile.

Trip to China July 2024

I recently got the opportunity to visit China to attend a seminar organized by the China Counsel for the Promotion of International Trade(CCPIT),for participants from the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)countries.The purpose of the seminar was to invite the delegates from BRI countries,and give them firsthand experience of the Chinese development miracle by introducing them to Chinese history,its governance methodology and how it has managed to carry out its significant progress in the last three decades,for example,by following policies that facilitated entrepreneurship,and providing businesses the right kind of platform.

Discovering Shanghai by Citywalks

As an enthusiast of travelling,a young French entrepreneur has dedicated her life to sharing the vitality of China’s eastern economic hub with more people.ON the streets of Shanghai,China’s eastern mega city,you can often see a young French woman leading a group of tourists around the city on citywalks,introducing the history and culture of the metropolis to them in Chinese,English,and French.

Boosting New Productivity Chinese automaker SAIC-GM-Wuling gears up for the boom of NEV market

During the annual meeting of the National People’s Congress(NPC),China’s top legislature,in March,President Xi Jinping stressed focusing on high-quality development as the top priority and developing new quality productive forces according to local conditions while deliberating with lawmakers from Jiangsu Province.Following the path that President Xi emphasized,SAIC-GM-Wuling Automobile Co.,Ltd.has been committed to modernizing research and development(R&D),introducing intelligent manufacturing,upgrading the automobile industry.

Effects of historically familiar and novel predator odors on the physiology of an introduced prey

Predator odors can elicit fear responses in prey and predator odor recognition is generally associated with physiological responses. Prey species are often more likely to respond to the odor of familiar ra- ther than alien predators. However, predator na＇ivety in an introduced prey species has rarely been investigated. We examined the physiological response, as shown by changes in ventilatory vari- ables, of an introduced terrestrial herbivore, the European rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus, in Australia, to the odor of potential predators and to control odors （distilled water and horse）, to explore if res- ponses were limited to historical （cat and fox） predators, or extended to historically novel predators （snake and quoll）. All odors except distilled water elicited a response, with rabbits showing long- term higher respiratory frequencies and lower tidal volumes after introduction of the odors, indi- cating an increase in alertness. However, the intensity of the rabbits＇ reaction could not be directly linked to any pattern of response with respect to the history of predator-prey relationships. Rabbits exhibited significantly stronger reactions in response to both cat and quoll odors than they did to dis- tilled water, but responses to horse, fox, and snake odor were similar to that of water. Our results show that the introduced rabbit can respond to both historical and novel predators in Australia, and suggest that shared evolutionary history is not necessarily a prerequisite to predator odor recognition.

Good Maintenance Preserves The Value of Yachts Xiamen Marina Boats Servicing Center introduced specialist service of Italy

Wuyuan Bay marina is the rising star as a yachting sports and leisure center in Xiamen City, southeast China’s Fujian Province. China (Xiamen) International Boat Show 2011 was held between

Panxi Rare Earth is Facing Integration, JCC “Introduced Aid” to Confront Chinalco

Although the rare earth industry now still remained in recession,enterprise enthusiasm for integration never waned.As one of the key strategic resources,rare earth received muchfavor from capital ever since the beginning of industrialization.As early as many years ago when Sichuan started to rectify the rare earth industry,Jiangxi Copper Rare Earth began to diligently make deployment in Sichuan。