Hepato-protective Effect of Polysaccharides Extracted from Inula Britannica Flower for Mice

The polysaccharides extracted from Inula britannica flower（IBP） exhibited a significant anti-liver injury activity.The properties and chemical compositions of IBP were analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography（HPLC） and infrared spectroscopy（IR） methods.The results show that the molecular weight distribution of IBP is from 600 to 3500.The weight-average molecular weight is 1099.IBP consists of mannose,glucuronic acid,rhamnose,galacturonic acid,glucose,galactose and arabinose with a molar ratio of 4.1：1：1.4：2.7：14.6：6.3：7.9.The IR spectrum of IBP reveals the typical characteristics of polysaccharides and proteins.After administration of IBP with 100,50 and 25 mg/kg body mass to liver injury mice induced by CCl 4 or bacillus calmette guerin-lipopolysaccharide（BCG-LPS）,not only the blood alanine aminotransferase（ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase（AST） levels decreased significantly（P0.05）,but aslo the liver tissue malondialdehyde（MDA） level decreased significantly（P0.01）.The superoxide dismutase（SOD） level increased significantly（P0.01）.IBP shows significant anti-liver injury and antioxidation activity.

Essential Oil from Inula britannica Extraction with SF-CO_2 and Its Antifungal Activity

The aim of this study was to determine the extraction technique of supercritical fluid carbon dioxide（SF-CO 2） for the essential oil from Inula britannica flowers and its antifungal activities against plant pathogenic fungi for its potential application as botanical fungicide.The effects of factors,including extraction temperature,extraction pressure,SF-CO 2 flow rate,flower powder size,and time on the essential oil yield were studied using the single factor experiment.An orthogonal experiment was conducted to determine the best operating conditions for the maximum extraction oil yield.Adopting the optimum conditions,the maximum yield reached 10.01% at 40°C temperature,30 MPa pressure,60 mesh flower powder size,20 L h-1SF-CO 2 flow rate,and 90 min extraction time.The antifungal activities of I.britannica essential oil using the SF-CO 2 against the most important plant pathogenic fungi were also examined through in vitro and in vivo tests.Sixteen plant pathogenic fungi were inhibited to varying degrees at 1 mg mL-1concentration of the essential oil.The mycelial growth of Gaeumannomyces graminis var.tritici was completely inhibited.The radial growths of Phytophthora capsici and Fusarium monilifome were also inhibited by 83.76 and 64.69%,respectively.In addition,the essential oil can inhibit the spore germination of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.vasinfectum,Phytophthora capsici,Colletotrichum orbiculare,and Pyricularia grisea,and the corresponding inhibition rates were 98.26,96.54,87.89,and 87.35% respectively.The present study has demonstrated that the essential oil of I.britannica flowers extracted through the SF-CO 2 technique is one potential and promising antifungal agent that can be used as botanical fungicide to protect crops.

Geobotanical and Ecological-Physiological Characteristics of Some Medicinal Species of the Genus <i>Inula</i>L. under Conditions of Uzbekistan

The article presents the geobotanical and some bioecological features of species of the genus Inula L., family Asteraceae (Compositae). The water regime, as well as the water holding capacity, transpiration rate and adaptive ability of plants to drought in the arid zone, is considered. The results of studies on the introduction into the culture based on indicators of the osmotic pressure of cell juice are presented.

Some pharmacological studies on the methanolic extract of <i>Inula graveolense</i>L.

Inula graveolens L. is widely used in Iraq for the treatment of rheumatic fever, infant convulsions, toothache, blood sugar, and also to dissolve internal blood clots, and to aid digestion. However, the efficacy and mechanisms of action of the plant remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the pharmacological effects of the methanolic extract (MEIG) of this plant belonging to compositae family. Anti-diarrheal and antipyretic activities of the extract were examined in rats. Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive were studied in mice. At the doses of 200 (P in vitro protein anti-denaturation using Bovine serum albumin and anti-platelet aggregation of human blood activity. It was observed that the extract showed greater percentage of inhibition of BSA (P potential platelet aggregation inhibitory activity in adose-dependent manner. The maximum inhibition was observed at the dose 400 μg/ml

Inula britannica ameliorates alcohol-induced liver injury by modulating SIRT1-AMPK/Nrf2/NF-κB signaling pathway

Objective: Inula britannica is a traditional Chinese medicinal and functional food with various effects such as anti-liver injury, hypoglycemia, antioxidants, and anti-tumor. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of the ethanolic extract of I. britannica(EEIB) on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice.Methods: Fifty-six female C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into seven groups: control group(Con),ethanol feeding model group(EtOH), Silibinin positive treatment group(EtOH + Silibinin 100 mg/kg),EEIB treatment group(EtOH + EEIB 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg), and EEIB control group(EEIB 400 mg/kg). The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism(NIAAA) ethanol-feeding model was used to study the effects of EEIB on alcohol-induced lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, and fibril formation in mice by histopathological evaluation, immunofluorescence staining, Western blotting analysis and molecular docking.Results: EEIB reduced liver indices to different degrees to normal levels and improved liver morphology in mice. EEIB inhibited alcohol-induced liver injury by activating the sirtuin 1(SIRT1)-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK) signaling pathway in the liver of alcohol-fed mice, in which sesquiterpenes may be the potential active ingredients, and also down-regulated the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin(a-SMA), collagen alpha(Collagen I), tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNFa) and attenuated alcohol-induced liver injury. In addition, EEIB also activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(Nrf2) signaling pathway, which alleviated alcohol-induced liver injury at the level of oxidative stress. Notably, the EEIB control group demonstrated that EEIB had no toxic effects in mice. EEIB reduced alcoholic liver injury in a dose-dependent manner. Its therapeutic efficacy was comparable to, if not better than, that of Silibinin when administered at a dose of 400 mg/kg.Conclusion: EEIB showed significant therapeutic effects on alcohol-induced liver injury in mice, and its mechanism of action was related to the SIRT1-AMPK, nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB), and Nrf2 signaling pathways, in which sesquiterpenes may be the potential active ingredients.

HPLC-ELSD法测定不同产地欧亚旋覆花中1-O-乙酰旋覆花内酯的含量

目的:采用HPLC-ELSD方法测定不同产地欧亚旋覆花中1-O-乙酰旋覆花内酯的含量。方法:采用高效液相色谱法,蒸发光散射检测器。色谱柱:Diamonsil ODS C18(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);柱温:30℃;流动相:乙腈-水梯度洗脱,流速:0.8ml.min-1;ELSD条件:漂移管温度:100℃,载气流速:2.8 L.min-1。结果:1-O-乙酰旋覆花内酯线性范围为2.72～19.00μg,平均回收率98.91%,RSD=2.20%(n=6)。结论:方法可靠,简单可行,为控制中药材欧亚旋覆花的质量提供了依据。

旋覆花1-O-Acetylbritannilactone RP-HPLC含量测定方法的研究

目的:建立了旋覆花1-O-Acetylbritannilactone含量测定的RP—HPLC法,用该法对不同产地的旋覆花、旋覆花不同部位进行了含量测定和比较。方法:采用高效液相色谱法。用Hypersil C_(18)色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以乙腈-水(33:67)为流动相,流速:1 mL·min^(-1);柱温为室温;检测波长210nm。结果:1-O-Acetylbritannilactone在0.36-1.86μg范围内线性良好,其高、中、低3个量的平均回收率分别为99.61%,99.29%,98.83%;RSD(%)为1.0,0.3,0.6(n=3)。结论:方法简便、快速、重复性好,可作为旋覆花的质量控制方法。

欧亚旋覆花总黄酮对衰老人皮肤成纤维细胞lncRNA TERRA的影响及其机制

目的探讨欧亚旋覆花总黄酮(IBFTF)对衰老人皮肤成纤维细胞lncRNA TERRA的影响及其机制。方法采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)分析IBFTF的成分及含量。将人皮肤成纤维细胞分为对照组、IBFTF组(使用IBFTF处理)、衰老模型组[使用D-半乳糖(D-gal)诱导建立衰老模型]与衰老模型+IBFTF组(衰老模型建立后使用IBFTF处理)。采用CCK-8法检测各组细胞存活率;β-半乳糖苷酶(SA-β-Gal)染色观察细胞蓝染情况,计算阳性细胞比例;酶标仪测定各组超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)等氧化应激指标水平;qRT-PCR检测各组lncRNA TERRA、Telomere、人端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)mRNA的表达;Western blotting检测各组hTERT及衰老相关蛋白p53、p16的表达。结果IBFTF中槲皮素、异鼠李素、山奈酚和芦丁的含量分别为6.447、2.044、1.272、0.781 mg/g。CCK-8法及SA-β-Gal染色结果显示,IBFTF可增高衰老模型组细胞存活率,降低SA-β-Gal阳性细胞比例(P<0.05)。酶标仪检测结果显示,IBFTF可增加衰老细胞SOD、GSH-Px的活性,降低衰老细胞MDA含量(P<0.05)。qRT-PCR检测结果显示,IBFTF可降低衰老细胞lncRNA TERRA的表达水平,增高hTERT mRNA的表达水平,延长端粒长度(P<0.05)。Western blotting检测结果显示,与衰老模型组比较,衰老模型+IBFTF组p53、p16蛋白表达水平降低,hTERT蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。结论IBFTF可降低D-gal诱导的衰老人皮肤成纤维细胞lncRNA TERRA的表达,发挥抗衰老作用,其机制可能与恢复端粒酶活性、延长端粒长度有关。

Rapid Detection of Acetylbritannilactone from Inula britannica in Plasma of Rats by Online Sweeping-Micellar Electrokinetic Chromatography

Objective To establish a rapid method for detecting acetylbritannilactone （ABL） by online sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography （MEKC） and to elevate the sensitivity of the detection. Methods The combination of online sweeping technique with MEKC was used to determine the content of ABL in the extract of Inula britannica in plasma of rats. Results ABL was completely separated within 15 min in running buffer and sample buffer. The optimal conditions were as follows： on uncoated fused quartz silica capillary, with separation voltage of 23 kV, capillary temperature of 25 oC, and detection wavelength of 195 nm. The regression equations revealed good linear relationships between the peak area and concentration of ABL （r = 0.998）, with the detection limits of 0.005-0.15 mg/mL. The relative standard deviations of migration time and peak areas for intra- and inter-batch were 〈 2.45% and 〈 2.26%, respectively. The recovery rate of this method was 96.3~97.2%. Conclusion This method provides some advantages in separation speed, testing sensitivity, and operating convenience, with low sample and reagent consumption. The online sweeping-MEKC is an effective method for pharmacokinetic study and analysis on tracing biological samples.

Antimelanogenic effects of Inula britannica flower petal extract fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum KCCM 11613P

The inhibitory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented and non-fermented Inula britannica extracts on the tyrosinase activity were comparatively investigated to examine whether and how they improve the whitening activity, and the contents of total flavonoids and polyphenolics as bioactive compounds were determined. The skin whitening activity using in vitro or ex vivo tyrosinase and L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine(L-DOPA) staining was examined. The total flavonoid content(TFC) was increased by 13.4% after 72h-fermentation. The viabilities of the B16F10 cells treated with the fermented and non-fermented control extracts were 100.26% and 92.15% at 500μg/ml, respectively. In addition, the inhibition of tyrosinase activity was increased by the fermented samples from 29.33% to 41.74% following fermentation for up to 72h. The tyrosinase activity of the untreated control group was increased to 145.69% in B16F10 cells. The results showed that I. britannica fermented by L. plantarum dose-dependently inhibited tyrosinase activity, which was stimulated by α-melanocyte stimulating hormone. These results suggest that lactic fermented I. britannica extracts can be used as effective skin-whitening materials.

欧亚旋覆花挥发油的GC-MS分析

用GC-MS对山西运城地区产欧亚旋覆花挥发油进行化学成分分析。鉴定了欧亚旋覆花挥发油中的62个成分,约占挥发油总成分的68.4%。主要成分为2,3,4,5四氢1苯并庚英3醇(相对含量4.276%)。

1-氧-乙酰大花旋覆花内酯对照品的制备及其在欧亚旋覆花中的含量测定

从欧亚旋覆花的氯仿提取物中分离制备了1-氧-乙酰大花旋覆花内酯对照品,经紫外光谱、红外光谱、核磁共振和质谱确定结构,其相关数据与文献一致,纯度为99.5%,符合中药化学对照品含量测定用要求.以所制备的1-氧-乙酰大花旋覆花内酯为对照品,建立了用高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器(HPLC-ELSD)测定欧亚旋覆花中1-氧-乙酰大花旋覆花内酯含量的方法.色谱条件为Hypersil ODS-2色谱柱,流动相为甲醇-水(体积比为52:48),流速为1.0 mL/min.ELSD的漂移管温度为90 ℃,载气(空气)流速为2.5 L/min.1-氧-乙酰大花旋覆花内酯在进样量为1.37～8.21 μg时与其峰面积的线性关系良好(r=0.999 8).平均加样回收率为100.2%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.3%(n=6).该法准确,简单,省时,重复性好,适用于欧亚旋覆花的质量控制.

欧亚旋覆花总黄酮提取与富集工艺研究

为研究欧亚旋覆花总黄酮的最佳提取与大孔吸附树脂富集工艺,采用不同溶剂、多种提取方法、L9(34)正交实验优化及AB-8大孔吸附树脂富集,结果表明其最佳提取工艺为用10倍量水为溶剂回流提取3次,每次1h,再结合AB-8大孔吸附树脂富集,以70%乙醇洗脱效果最佳,总黄酮回收率达90%,总黄酮含量达50%以上。此工艺简便可行,符合工业化生产要求。

旋覆花花序不同溶剂萃取物对植物病原真菌的抑菌活性

为明确旋覆花的农用杀菌活性,采用液-液分配法对旋覆花乙醇提取浸膏进行萃取分离,并采用离体法和活体组织法测定不同溶剂萃取物对13种植物病原真菌的抑菌活性.结果表明:石油醚、氯仿、乙酸乙酯、正丁醇的萃取率分别为34.89%、8.99%、8.63%和22.72%;在1.0mg·mL-1剂量下,氯仿萃取物对各供试菌菌丝生长均有较强的抑制作用,其中对辣椒疫霉病菌和油菜菌核病菌菌丝生长抑制率分别达73.77%和66.25%,乙酸乙酯萃取物和正丁醇萃取物对辣椒疫霉病菌和油菜菌核病菌菌丝生长也有较好的抑制活性,抑制率分别达67.69%、62.12%和56.07%、51.75%,石油醚萃取物对番茄灰霉病菌菌丝生长抑制率为58.70%;在1.0mg·mL-1剂量下,除苹果斑点落叶病菌外,氯仿萃取物可显著抑制麦冬炭疽病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、板栗炭疽病菌、玉米青枯病菌和辣椒枯萎病菌的孢子萌发,抑制率分别达96.00%、92.44%、80.43%、78.45%和71.84%,乙酸乙酯萃取物对各供试菌孢子萌发抑制率在40.86%～86.42%之间,石油醚萃取物对棉花枯萎病菌孢子萌发抑制率达82.52%;果实针刺法测定结果表明,在2.0mg·mL-1剂量下,氯仿萃取物对番茄灰霉病的治疗效果和保护效果分别为57.65%和50.60%(6d),其中治疗效果与对照药剂0.4mg·mL-1施佳乐无显著差异.

旋覆花花序氯仿萃取物抗植物病原真菌活性研究

为进一步明确旋覆花的农用杀菌活性,采用生长速率法、孢子萌发法,分别测定了旋覆花花序氯仿萃取物对13种植物病原真菌的离体抑菌活性,并测定了其对黄瓜灰霉病的防治效果。结果表明,在剂量为1.0 g/L时,氯仿萃取物对小麦全蚀病菌、西瓜炭疽病菌、葡萄炭疽病菌、苹果炭疽病菌、黄瓜灰霉病菌和番茄果腐病菌的菌丝生长有较强的抑制作用,抑制率均在50%以上,其中对小麦全蚀病菌的抑制作用最强,抑制率高达100%;对西瓜炭疽病菌和番茄果腐病菌孢子萌发抑制率达92.90%和82.92%。在10.0 g/L剂量下,氯仿萃取物对黄瓜灰霉病的治疗效果和保护效果分别为54.27%和76.68%(48 h),其中保护效果与对照药剂0.4 g/L施佳乐无显著差异。

欧亚旋覆花化学成分研究进展

欧亚旋覆花是一种传统中草药,现代研究表明欧亚旋覆花含有多种生物活性成分,本文试就欧亚旋覆花所含化学成分的结构式、理化性质和药理学活性做一综述。

欧亚旋覆花多糖抗疲劳作用研究

目的探讨欧亚旋覆花多糖的抗疲劳作用。方法给实验组小鼠以0.2,0.5,1.0 g/kg三个剂量的欧亚旋覆花多糖灌胃,对照组给予等量蒸馏水,连续21d后,测定小鼠爬杆时间、力竭游泳时间、血乳酸、血清尿素氮、肝糖原等指标。结果欧亚旋覆花多糖能够延长小鼠爬杆时间和负重力竭游泳,降低血乳酸和血尿素氮的含量,提高肝糖原含量。结论欧亚旋覆花多糖对机体具有抗疲劳作用。

毛细管电泳法测定欧亚旋覆花中芦丁、山柰酚和绿原酸

目的建立简单、快速且能同时分离测定欧亚旋覆花中芦丁、山柰酚和绿原酸的毛细管电泳方法。方法采用熔融石英毛细管(50μm×50 cm,有效长度为42 cm),缓冲体系为10 mmol/L硼砂(pH 9.5),分离电压23 kV,检测波长254 nm,重力进样10 cm,13 s。结果芦丁、山柰酚和绿原酸在6 min内能完全分离,线性方程分别为Y=48.798 4+19.463 3X(r=0.999 5),Y=51.152 8+19.341 8X(r=0.999 4)和Y=18.652 9+32.078 7X(r=0.999 8),线性范围为2.0～100.0μg/mL,样品平均回收率为91.2%、108.5%和107.2%。结论为欧亚旋覆花3种有效成分的定量测定提供了一种快速、准确和灵敏的测定方法,3种成分中山柰酚量较高。

欧亚旋覆花总黄酮对血管平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移的影响

目的探讨欧亚旋覆花总黄酮(TFIB)对培养血管平滑肌细胞(VSMC)增殖及迁移的影响。方法采用大鼠胸腹主动脉的动脉中膜平滑肌细胞,用贴块法培养,实验用4～7代细胞,加入不同浓度的TFIB共同孵育24h。采用噻唑蓝(MTT)法观察该药对细胞增殖的影响,倒置显微镜下观察该药对细胞迁移的影响。结果与对照组相比,TFIB对VSMC增殖具有抑制作用,该作用呈剂量依赖性;随着TFIB浓度增加体外培养的VSMC迁移距离缩短。结论适宜浓度的TFIB可明显抑制体外培养的大鼠VSMC的增殖、迁移。

欧亚旋覆花总黄酮对大鼠局灶性脑缺血-再灌注损伤保护作用的实验研究

目的观察欧亚旋覆花总黄酮(total flavones extracted fromInula britannicaL,TFIB)对大鼠局灶性脑缺血-再灌注脑组织损伤的保护作用,并进一步探讨其作用机制。方法采用大脑中动脉栓塞法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌注损伤模型,缺血2 h,再灌注22 h后,以盐酸2,3,5-三苯基四氮唑(TTC)染色法测定脑梗塞面积,比色法测定脑组织匀浆中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量,采用"5分法"进行神经症状评分。结果TFIB(25,50,100 mg.kg-1,ip)能明显改善脑缺血-再灌注后大鼠神经症状,明显减小梗塞面积与全脑面积之比,提高缺血脑组织SOD活性,降低MDA含量。结论TFIB对大鼠缺血-再灌注损伤大脑具有显著的保护作用,其作用机制可能与TFIB抗氧化作用有关。