Anti-encystment and amoebicidal activity of Lonicera japonica Thunb. and its major constituent Chlorogenic acid in vitro

Objective:To examine the acanthamoebicidal effects of ethyl acetate,aqueous and butanol fractions of dried flower buds of Lonicera japonica(L.japonica) Thunb.(Flos Lonicerae) in vitro.Methods:Acanthamoeba triangularis isolates were obtained from environmental water samples and identified by PCR.They were exposed to ethyl acetate,water and butanol fractions of L.japonica Thunb.at concentrations ranging from 0.5 mg/m L to 1.5 mg/m L.The extracts were evaluated for growth inhibition at 24,48 and 72 h,respectively.Chlorogenic acid at a concentration of 1 mg/mL was examined for inhibition of encystment.Results:Ethyl acetate fraction at a concentration of 1.5 mg/mL evoked a significant reduction of trophozoite viability by 48.9% after 24 h,49.2% after 48 h and 33.7% after 72 h Chlorogenic acid,the major active constituent of L.japonica Thunb.at the concentration of 1 mg/mL reduced the cysts/trophozoite ratio by 100% after 24 h,84.0% after 48 h and 72.3% after 72 h.This phenolic compound at concentration of 1 mg/mL concurrent with 0.6% hydrogen peroxide inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced encystment by 92.8% at 72 h.Conclusions:Results obtained from this study show that ethyl acetate fraction at 1.5 mg/m L is the most potent fraction of L.japonica Thunb.and its major constituent chlorogenic acid showed the remarkable inhibition of encystment at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.

Review of Factors Influencing Active Components of Lonicera japonica Thunb.

Lonicera japonica Thunb. is a typical medicinal and edible plant in China. It has antibacterial, anti-oxidant, anti-endotoxin, and anti-inflammatory effects, etc. Its pharmacological action is closely related to its active components. Based on the results of previous studies, this paper summarized the effects of variety, origin, cultivation conditions, pruning, harvesting period and processing methods on the active components of L. japonica , in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for high-yield and high-quality cultivation of L. japonica.

青荚叶〔Helwingia japonica(Thunb.)Dietr.〕种下新组合

Helwingia japonica (Thunb.) Dietr. var. papillosa Fang et Soong was reduced as a new synonym of H. japonica (Thunb.) Dietr. var. hypoleuca Hemsl. ex Rehd. Helwingia zhejiangensis Fang et Soong was combined into H. japonica (Thunb.) Dietr. and renamed H. japonica (Thunb.) Dietr. var. zhejiangensis (Fang et Soong) M. B. Deng et Y. Zhang.

Anthranilic acid derivatives from Inula japonica

三新 anthranilic 衍生物， N-heneicosanoylanthranilic 酸(1b ) 和 N-docosanoylanthranilic 酸(1c ) 从 Inula 装饰用的梨树 Thunb 的天线部分被孤立。他们的结构被分光镜、化学的方法建立。

金银花中绿原酸的分离纯化

目的建立金银花中绿原酸的色谱分离纯化方法.方法采用亲脂性吸附树脂与葡聚糖凝胶色谱纯化技术,将其水提物经亲脂性吸附树脂柱色谱预分离后,0.1mol?L-1盐酸调节pH到4.0左右,葡聚糖凝胶sephadexLH-20精制纯化,洗脱溶剂为50%丙酮水溶液.结果产品经MS、红外、紫外和HPLC图谱鉴定,并与对照品比较对照,结果显示所得的绿原酸纯度>98%.结论该方法简单,重复性较好,可用于绿原酸单体成分的制备.

鸭跖草科杜若(Pollia japonica Thunb.)的减数分裂研究

首次对鸭跖草科杜若(Pollia japonicaThunb.)进行了花粉母细胞减数分裂观察,并重新报道了该种的染色体数目为2n=32。结果显示,减数分裂中期I构型为16Ⅱ,并且观察到次级联会现象。减数分裂后期I和后期Ⅱ存在落后染色体、染色体断片、二次分裂不同步等异常现象,统计各时期畸形率都低于10%。随机统计花粉粒活性,成熟率达到90%以上。这说明杜若的减数分裂过程基本正常,也证明了2n=32的体细胞染色体数目是可信的。

Protective effect of different medicinal parts of Lonicera japonica Thunb. on myocardial ischemic injury induced by isoproterenol in rats

Background:To study the protective effect of different medicinal parts of honeysuckle on myocardial ischemia injury in rats.Method:SD mice were randomly divided into 6 groups:the normal group,model group,compound salvia miltiorrhiza group,Lonicera japonica Thunb.of flower bud group,flower group,and the stem leaf group.There were 8 rats in each group,including 4 males and 4 females.The normal group and model group were given equal amount of distilled water,whereas the other dosage groups were given the appropriate drug by intragastric administration,continuous gavage for 14 days.From the 12 days,in addition to the normal group were injected of the same amount of normal saline,the other groups were injected with 5g/kg.Injection of isoproterenol to establish the mouce mycardial ischemia model,its continuously 3d.To detect the serum of AST,CK,CK-MB,LDH and the myocardial issue of Chinese super oxideismutase and malondialdehyde level.Results:Compared with normal group,the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde were significantly increased in the model group(P<0.01)and the level of super oxideismutase decreased significantly(P<0.01)the levels of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde in the serum of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the decreasing level of flower bud group,flower,leaf group of AST,CK,CK-MB,cTn-I,LDH and malondialdehyde was flower bud group>flower>leaf group,the activity of super oxideismutase was obviously increased,and the activity level of super oxideismutase of flower bud group,flower group and stem leaf group was flower bud group>flower>leaf group.Conclusion:In the myocardial ischemic injury model of rats induced by isoproterenol,Lonicera japonica Thunb.had a protective effect in all parts,and Lonicera japonica Thunb.bud had the greatest protective effect.

金银花胡萝卜微管蚜发生规律及防治适期研究

目的:明确金银花胡萝卜微管蚜越冬卵和春季发生蚜型的形态特征和发生规律。方法:2022年2月,在田间观察胡萝卜微管蚜越冬卵分布部位,采集虫卵及各蚜型成虫,室内镜检并描述其形态特征;2022年3—6月,在金银花田按五点取样法选取植株,定期调查各蚜型数量,采用最优分割法划分胡萝卜微管蚜种群动态并分析其与金银花物候的关系。结果:胡萝卜微管蚜虫卵主要分布在金银花植株的芽鳞、树杈和树皮缝等部位。胡萝卜微管蚜春季在金银花上依次发生干母、无翅孤雌蚜和有翅孤雌蚜3个蚜型,其中干母主要发生于3月9日至4月7日,高峰虫量为29.4只/梢;无翅孤雌蚜和有翅孤雌蚜在3月28日至5月27日混合发生,分别于4月19日和5月13日到达高峰,峰值分别为75.5只/梢和105.6只/梢。胡萝卜微管蚜种群动态与金银花物候特征密切相关,在金银花萌芽展叶期,蚜虫种群处于初建期和缓慢增长期,种群数量低,最高虫量为29.4只/梢;金银花抽梢期,蚜虫种群处于快速增长期,数量迅速上升;金银花花蕾期,蚜虫种群处于高峰期,数量达到高峰值,为370.5只/梢;在金银花开花期,蚜虫种群处于衰退期,数量迅速下降,至6月初基本消失。结论:金银花越冬期是防控胡萝卜微管蚜虫卵的关键期,萌芽展叶期是防控该蚜虫春季种群爆发的关键期。

金银花总黄酮低共熔溶剂提取工艺优化

目的优化金银花总黄酮低共熔溶剂提取工艺。方法在单因素试验基础上,以1,3-丁二醇与氯化胆碱比例、液料比、超声时间为影响因素,总黄酮得率为评价指标,响应面法和BP神经网络优化提取工艺。结果BP神经网络优化总黄酮得率高于响应面法优化。最优条件为1,3-丁二醇与氯化胆碱比例2.7∶1,液料比27∶1,超声时间29 min,总黄酮得率为7.85%。结论该方法稳定可靠,可用于低共熔溶剂提取金银花总黄酮。

课程思政融入药用植物栽培学之金银花栽培教学设计

课程思政融入专业课教学是落实立德树人的重要举措。本案例根据药用植物金银花栽培的教学内容,运用案例教学法深挖教学目标、教学内容和教学过程中蕴含的思政元素。将黄河重大国家战略、生态文明思想、高质量发展理念、“大国三农”情怀等思政元素科学、合理地融入授课过程,实现显性教育与隐性教育的水乳交融,为实际教育教学工作提供借鉴与参考。

Two New Sesquiterpenes from Inula japonica

Two new sesquiterpenes were isolated from the aerial parts of Inula japonica. Their structures were elucidated as 1-hydroxy-8-acetoxycostic acid methyl ester and 1-hydroxy-8-acetoxyisocostic acid methyl ester by spectral methods.

不同产地拐枣七中10种微量元素的含量测定及分析

目的 建立电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)同时测定不同产地拐枣七中K、B、Ca、Na、Mg、Al、Zn、Fe、Mn和Se等10种微量元素的方法,并采用聚类分析和主成分分析进行综合质量评价。方法 样品加硝酸经微波消解后,采用内标法测定,选取同位素Ge、In作为内标,采用主成分分析和聚类热图分析对所有样品进行分析,阐明不同产地拐枣七中10种微量元素之间的差异与相关性,筛选出其主要特征元素。结果 检测方法的精密度、重复性、稳定性和回收率良好。18个不同产地的拐枣七中10种微量元素质量分数具有差异性,采用主成分分析后得出的K、Ca、Na、Mg、Al和Mn为主要特征的微量元素,聚类分析后可以分为三大类。结论 该方法操作简单、分析速度快、准确度高,可以用于拐枣七药材中10种微量元素的质量分数测定,同时为评价不同产地拐枣七的质量及开发利用提供参考。

Screening on the Pharmacodynemic Active Parts of Protecting Liver of Peristrope japonica (thunb.)Bremek

The pharmacodynamic active parts of protecting liver of Peristrope japonica (thunb.)Bremek were identified. Rat acute liver injury model was induced by D-galactosamine (D-GlaN). The active parts were identified on the whole extraction and 4 fractions. The results showed that the pharmacodynamic active parts of Peristrope japonica were the n-BuOH fraction.

金银花多酚和多糖同步提取工艺优化及其抗氧化活性研究

以金银花为原料,以硫酸铵浓度、乙醇含量、料液比、超声时间、提取温度、超声功率六个因素进行同步提取单因素实验。在单因素实验基础上,以多酚和多糖提取量为双指标,利用响应面法优化超声辅助乙醇-硫酸铵双水相萃取法同步提取金银花中多酚和多糖的工艺。并对提取的金银花多酚和多糖进行体外抗氧化研究。提取最优工艺条件为硫酸铵浓度0.2 mg/mL,超声时间30 min,超声温度59℃,料液比1∶70(g/mL),以此条件下测得多酚提取量为25.6 mg/g,多糖提取量为152.11 mg/g。体外抗氧化结果表明,金银花多酚和多糖对DPPH·、ABTS^(+)·具有显著清除能力,对Fe^(3+)有较强还原能力。利用超声辅助双水相萃取法实现了金银花多糖和多酚同步提取。多糖和多酚抗氧化活性均显著,其中金银花多酚抗氧化能力在一定范围内强于VC。

臭常山内生真菌次级代谢产物及其α-糖苷酶抑制活性研究

目的 鉴定臭常山内生真菌G-(JK)-2,并对次级代谢产物及其α-糖苷酶抑制活性进行研究。方法 通过ITS序列建立系统进化树,鉴定内生真菌G-(JK)-2;对其45 d大米固体培养基发酵物进行甲醇提取、乙酸乙酯萃取,硅胶、Sephadex LH-20凝胶和半制备HPLC分离纯化后进行结构鉴定,采用PNPG法评价α-糖苷酶抑制活性。结果 鉴定臭常山内生真菌G-(JK)-2为镰刀属内生真菌Fusarium nematophilum;分离得到13个化合物,分别鉴定为p-hydroxybenzaldehyde(G1)、4-hydroxyacetophenone(G2)、anhydromevalonolactone(G3)、flazine(G4)、salicylic acid(G5)、p-hydroxybenzoic acid(G6)、di-(2-ethylhexyl)-phthalate(G7)、terephthalic acid bis(2-ethyl-hexyl)ester(G8)、thymine(G9)、uridine(G10)、adenosine(G11)、2′-deoxyuridine(G12)、nicotinic acid(G13)。各化合物对α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用依次为G4>G11>G10>G13>G12。结论 所有化合物均首次从臭常山的内生真菌中分离得到,G10、G11、G13首次从镰刀属内生真菌中分离得到,G4和G11有较弱的α-葡萄糖苷酶抑制作用。

腐植酸水溶肥对枇杷幼苗生长的影响

为研究叶面喷施腐植酸水溶肥对枇杷[Eriobotrya japonica(Thunb.)Lindl.]幼苗生长的影响,以大五星枇杷幼苗为材料,叶面喷施不同稀释浓度(700、1 000、1 300、1 600倍)的腐植酸水溶肥,以喷施等量清水为对照(CK),测定腐植酸水溶肥对枇杷幼苗生物量、光合色素含量和抗氧化酶活性的影响。结果表明,叶面喷施不同浓度的腐植酸水溶肥提高了枇杷幼苗茎杆和叶片生物量、光合色素含量,且均以稀释1 000倍效果最好。稀释1 000、1 300倍腐植酸水溶肥处理提高了枇杷幼苗过氧化氢酶(CAT)、过氧化物酶(POD)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性。枇杷幼苗茎杆、叶片生物量与叶绿素a、叶绿素b、类胡萝卜素含量、CAT活性、POD活性和SOD活性呈正相关。因此,叶面喷施腐植酸水溶肥能够促进枇杷幼苗生长,且以稀释1 000倍最佳。

金银花对金黄色葡萄球菌体外抑菌作用研究

目的比较金银花对甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌(MSSA)和甲氧西林耐药金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)体外抑菌活性差异。方法收集30株MSSA和30株MRSA菌,使用头孢西丁筛选试验和mecA基因检测对菌株进行验证,使用琼脂打孔法检测金银花对两类金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌活性并比较差异,使用琼脂稀释法检测金银花对两类金黄色葡萄球菌的MIC并计算出MIC_(50)。结果金银花对MSSA和MRSA均有体外抑菌活性且MIC_(50)均为3.125 mg/mL。结论金银花对MSSA和MRSA均有较好的体外抑菌活性,在临床治疗金黄色葡萄球菌感染方面有很大的应用前景。

气相色谱法测定金银花中有机氯杀虫剂残留量

Using gas chromatography (GC), the organochlorine insecticide residues were determined in Lonicera japonica Thunb. flowers. The results showed that the amount of organochlorine insecticide in L. japonica flowers collected from Fengqiu in He’nan Province, Pingyi in Shandong Province was less than 0.01 mg·kg -1. The average recoveries added in samples were 93.54%-98.85%, RSD≤6.8%. It shows that the amount of organochlorine insecticide in L. japonica flowers accords with the demands of traditional Chinese medicine production.

金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花的化感作用

为了研究金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花幼苗的化感作用及利用化感作用进行生物防除的可能性,论文采用水提法提取金银花茎的浸提液.试验设置0.02、0.04、0.06、0.08 g/mL四个质量浓度梯度,并以蒸馏水为对照组(CK),通过测定旋覆花幼苗的形态与生理指标,研究金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花的化感效应.结果表明,旋覆花幼苗在金银花茎浸提液的作用下,除旋覆花叶片中的含丙二醛量有所升高外,旋覆花的苗高、根长、苗的干质量以及叶片中过氧化物酶活性等都受到抑制,且随着浸提液质量浓度的升高,抑制作用增强.当质量浓度为0.08 g/mL时,苗高、根长、苗的干生物量及过氧化物酶活性与对照相比分别降低了11.95%、24.95%、31.25%、30.90%.由此可得,金银花茎的浸提液对旋覆花幼苗生长有明显的化感抑制作用,因此其对一定区域的旋覆花幼苗的防除是可行的.

天然片断生境中山姜(Alpinia japonica)种群遗传结构

理论和实验研究表明片断化是导致生物多样性丧失的主要因素之一，但有关研究基本上集中在人类活动引发的片断化生境体系中。由于长期气候变化以及地形等因素的影响，一些物种的种群之间天然情况下就存在隔离，对这些种群进行研究可以弥补人类活动引起的片断化体系经历时间较短的不足。山姜是一个喜湿耐荫的多年生植物，分布在热带亚热带地区，由于气候和地形原因，该物种在浙江东部呈现天然片断化状态，如在浙江天童森林公园及其周边地区，仅分布在少数几个沟谷中。以这些种群为对象，采用RAPD标记分析经历长期天然片断化山姜种群遗传多样性程度和遗传分化格局。7条RAPD引物获得了69个位点，其中多态位点68个。种群水平遗传多样性较高，多态位点百分比、期望杂合度和Shannon多样性指数分别为78.81％-85.51％、0.3170-0.3430、0.4560-0.4914，这与其异交的繁殖方式有关，同时与山姜克隆生长，每个世代维持的时间长，种群更新降低也有关系。遗传变异大多分配在种群内，但种群问遗传分化达到显著程度，φST为0.297，计算的基因流中等，为0.592，不足以克服长期遗传漂变导致的种群分化，Mantel检验表明遗传距离与空间距离不存在相关关系，显示了长期片断化状态下遗传漂变的作用。