Integration of axiomatic design and theory of inventive problem solving for conceptual design

Axiomatic design (AD) and theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ) are widely used in conceptual design. Both of them have limitations, however. We presented an integrated model of these two methods to increase the efficiency and quality of the problem solving process for conceptual design. AD is used for systematically defining and structuring a problem into a hierarchy. Sometimes, the design matrix is coupled in AD which indicates the functional requirements are coupled. TRIZ separation principles can be used to separate non-independent design parameters, which provide innovative solutions at each hierarchical level. We applied the integrated model to the heating and drying equipment of bitumen reproduction device. The result verifies that the integrated model can work very well in conceptual design.

Evaluation of a Novel Approach for Automated Inventive Conceptual Design of Building Structures

This research is dedicated to assessment of a method that was earlier proposed and developed in order to increase the degree of automation and software involvement into conceptual decision making during design of structural elements of buildings. Such instruments of the theory of inventive problem solving as contradiction and function analysis and trimming formed the basis of the proposed approach that was realized in a modern building information modeling software. The common logic of the approach is also provided in the article. Qualitative research methods and particularly collecting, analyzing and interpreting data were applied in this research. Firstly, a literature review of indexed journal articles in the field of the study was performed and some trends for possible development of the topic were identified. Secondly, a survey of potential users of the methodology was conducted and analyzed. The questionnaire results showed that the suggested method and its technical realization gained attraction among respondents, however, some of them are rather cautious regarding application of the approach potentials in their practice. The paper ends with evaluation results discussion, conclusion and proposals for further research.

Anti-oxidative stress treatment and current clinical trials

Oxidative stress disturbs the balance between the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and the detoxification biological process.It plays an important role in the development and progression of many chronic diseases.Upon exposure to oxidative stress or the inducers of ROS,the cellular nucleus undergoes some biological processes via different signaling pathways,such as stress adaption through the forkhead box O signaling pathway,inflammatory response through the IκB kinase/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway,hypoxic response via the hypoxia-inducible factor/prolyl hydroxylase domain proteins pathway,DNA repair or apoptosis through the p53 signaling pathway,and antioxidant response through the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 signaling pathway.These processes are involved in many diseases.Therefore,oxidative stress has gained more attraction as a targeting process for disease treatment.Meanwhile,anti-oxidative stress agents have been widely explored in pre-clinical trials.However,only limited clinical trials are performed to evaluate the efficacy of anti-oxidative stress agents or antioxidants in diseases.In this letter,we further discuss the current clinical trials related to anti-oxidative stress treatment in different diseases.More pre-clinical studies and clinical trials are expected to use anti-oxidative stress strategies as disease treatment or dietary supplementation to improve disease treatment outcomes.

Knowledge Is Invented: Addressing Invention and the Art of Saying in the Psychoanalytic Field

In the Freudian-Lacanian field,there is an important distinction between knowledge and truth.The truth,of an unconscious nature,is something that inhabits us,directs us,but that escapes us.Knowledge,in turn,is something to be invented,from the hole of the Real,the Unconscious truth,and the subjective experience.The relationships between playing,creating,and fantasizing;the dimension of the uncanny,fiction,and imagination in subjectivity;the invention of knowledge of oneself,derived from the pains and flavors of being who one is,are creative dimensions that inhabit the subject,permeate the analytical act,and transversalize psychoanalysis.In the practice,we listen to and witness processes of analysis that awaken an invention/reinvention of oneself,in the process of remembering,repeating,and elaborating,but also in what the transference relationship summons.Knowledge of oneself,does not guarantee a life without mishaps,sadness,and illusions,but allows the invention and recognition of knowledge and a style.The concept of Sinthome(2007),coined by Jacques Lacan,comes in the wake of the processes of self-invention and is a knowing-doing with the symptom,with the paradoxes of joyful suffering,producing,as a result,an art of saying.Therefore,in this communication,I will articulate elements of theory,practice,and psychoanalytic experience that allow us to expand knowledge of the themes of invention and imagination articulated with the concept of sinthome,their relationships with subjectivity,and the direction of psychoanalytic treatment.

网络与怀旧

1 History is a combination of events hidden in darkness.Archaeo⁃logical(考古学的)evidence and the written language were previously our only insights into what once hap⁃pened.The invention of the printing press was a major milestone in our ability to engage with history.The Internet,though,appears later,will provide a window into the past,consisting of tiny units of digital data.

Homegrown and Inventive

In 2006,the Chinese Government launched a national campaign to press ahead with its indig-enous innovation strategy,a program meant to break the nation’s reliance on foreign enterprises for new technolo-gies and put the nation on track to become a hi-tech innovator.A series of recently intro-duced Central Government policies will help the strategy develop smoothly and gain momentum.In November 2009,the Ministry of Science and Technology,National Development and Reform Commission,and Ministry of Finance jointly issued a notice on the national indigenous innovation product accredita-tion that year.In April 2010,the draft notice for this year was released.This move will give priority to indigenous innovation products in gov-ernment purchases.In interviews with Beijing Review,two economists and experts in this regard provid-ed an in-depth analysis on the country’s indigenous innova-tion strategy and the way it is carried out.

Classification and mineralization of global lithium deposits and lithium extraction technologies for exogenetic lithium deposits

A reasonable classification of deposits holds great significance for identifying prospecting targets and deploying exploration. The world ’s keen demand for lithium resources has expedited the discovery of numerous novel lithium resources. Given the presence of varied classification criteria for lithium resources presently, this study further ascertained and classified the lithium resources according to their occurrence modes, obtaining 10 types and 5 subtypes of lithium deposits(resources) based on endogenetic and exogenetic factors. As indicated by surveys of Cenozoic exogenetic lithium deposits in China and abroad,the formation and distribution of the deposits are primarily determined by plate collision zones, their primary material sources are linked to the anatectic magmas in the deep oceanic crust, and they were formed primarily during the Miocene and Late Paleogene. The researchers ascertained that these deposits,especially those of the salt lake, geothermal, and volcanic deposit types, are formed by unique slightly acidic magmas, tend to migrate and accumulate toward low-lying areas, and display supernormal enrichment. However, the material sources of lithium deposits(resources) of the Neopaleozoic clay subtype and the deep brine type are yet to be further identified. Given the various types and complex origins of lithium deposits(resources), which were formed due to the interactions of multiple spheres, it is recommended that the mineralization of exogenetic lithium deposits(resources) be investigated by integrating tectono-geochemistry, paleoatmospheric circulation, and salinology. So far, industrialized lithium extraction is primarily achieved in lithium deposits of the salt lake, clay, and hard rock types. The lithium extraction employs different processes, with lithium extraction from salt lake-type lithium deposits proving the most energy-saving and cost-effective.

Cultural Backbone of the BRI

One of the initiative’s prominent elemental achievements is the dynamic cultural interaction,evident in creativeness,vision,and exchanges that it has generated.THE ancient Silk Road made indelible contributions to shaping civilizations,catalyzing inventions,and engendering literary and scientific treasures in history.Now,the Belt and Road Initiative is infusing new vitality into the ancient cultural exchange tradition.

The Woodblock Printing Hallof the Palace Museum Opens

Traditional Chinese woodblock printing is the ingenious creation of ancient Chinese laborers,whose invention facilitated cultural dissemination and information sharing,and greatly advanced the progress of world civilization.

基于TRIZ理论的钻柱振动失效预警装置创新设计

针对井下钻柱受力和运动实测仪器的机构复杂、价格昂贵等问题,基于TRIZ创新理论,对钻柱振动失效预警装置的结构进行矛盾分析,应用TRIZ理论的矛盾矩阵与发明原理,具体对执行机构、阀杆进行了创新设计,该创新方案结构简单可靠,具有良好的应用价值。

装载机自动变速系统进化路线分析

利用发明问题解决理论(TRIZ),采用技术系统进化模式和路线分析装载机沿不同进化模式下的进化路线,预测装载机自动变速系统的进化潜力以及技术开发方向。

基于最终理想解解题思路的系统功能裁剪方法研究

为改善改进型设计过程中系统功能重构的灵活性、有效性,提高创造设计的效率,提出一种基于最终理想解解题思路的系统功能裁剪方案获得方法。不同于以往系统组件裁剪中着手即寻找有害作用、繁杂功能的思想路线。以提升系统理想度和最终理想解解题思路为指引,基于技术系统功能分析结合理想度方程的运用,系统性地得出了大部分裁剪方案,形成了系统功能裁剪激烈程度始终朝着由强到弱的路线进行。结合油漆罐装系统实例验证,证明所得裁剪方法可以明确对技术系统组件的裁剪顺序,在众多依据理想度大小排序的裁剪方案中获得符合实际的最佳方案,有着创新效率高、覆盖面广及创新性强的优势。

Design Around Bundle Patent Portfolio Based on Technological Evolution

Product innovation can be achieved by analyzing leading products patents in the market.Different methods have been proposed for design around patent,commonly using the elimination or replacement of a single patent element However,the existing research fails to restore the position and function of the design around object in the original patent portfolio of enterprises,which often leads to the phenomenon of evading one patent and violating another.This paper proposes a method for design around patent through using the fusion of technologies of the evolution theory and bundle-type patent portfolio analysis in the initial stage of product development.The object system is analyzed to select technical opportunities through the evolutionary path of technologies and functional trimming methods to achieve circumvent barriers of bundle-type patents.The bundle patent portfolio is analyzed for the product evolution with a radar map.The technological evolution path is combined with the TRIZ innovation method to identify and solve the design problem.Patentability of the new design is evaluated using the patent system rules for innovative scheme difference from the original patent portfolio.The method is verified in a case study for the design of a glass-wiping robot.The design solution has been patented.

Inventor在计算机辅助工业设计教学及科研中的应用

Inventor是一个用于三维参数化实体零件的制作 ,装配及工程制图的最新电脑辅助设计软件。本文从工业设计及工程设计的角度出发 ,运用最新的教学及科研的经验和实例 ,报告如何在计算机辅助工业设计教学及科研中应用这一软件。

TRIZ TECHNOLOGY FORECASTING AS QFD INPUT WITHIN THE NPD ACTIVITIES

As a result of the fierceness of business competition, companies, to remaincompetitive, have to charm their customers by anticipating their needs and being able to rapidlydevelop exciting new products for them. To overcome this challenge, technology forecasting isconsidered as a powerful tool in today's business environment, while there are as many successstories as there are failures, a good application of this method will give a good result. Amethodology of integration of patterns or lines of technology evolution in TRIZ parlance ispresented, which is also known as TRIZ technology forecasting, as input to the QFD process to designa new product. For this purpose, TRIZ technology forecasting, one of the TRIZ major tools, isdiscussed and some benefits compared to the traditional forecasting techniques are highlighted. Thena methodology to integrate TRIZ technology forecasting and QFD process is highlighted.

Invention and Utilization of Glutinous Sorghum Male Sterile Line 45A with High Starch and High Combining Ability

45A is a glutinous sorghum male sterile line with high starch and high combining ability bred by Rice and Sorghum Institute of Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences in 1998, it is a coeno-species taking non-glutinous maintainer line TL169-239B which bred by Tieling Institute of Agricultural Sciences in 1991 as the female parent and glutinous maintainer line72B bred by the authors＇ institute as the male parent, then, based on the backcross breeding between glutinous single plant chosen from F2 segregation population and Tx623A. There are ten hybrid sorghum varieties which already have been examined and approved by national and above provincial（municipal） level units; the patent of this breeding method has been authorized （the patent number： ZL 2012 1 0129155.6）; 45A is protected by the Right of New Varieties of Plants, MOA, P.R. China （the variety right number： CNA20090576.1）. In this paper, the breeding process of 45A and the characteristics of 45A sterile line and its hybrid sorghum were summed up, what＇s more, the technical key points of high-yielding breed of 45A and the production of hybrid sorghum seeds were introduced, to provide data for further popularizing the sterile line.

美国云计算专利诉讼的调查与启示

对美国云计算专利诉讼案件的调查发现如下特点:首先,非实施性专利实体(NPE)已进入美国云计算专利诉讼领域,而诉讼被告几乎囊括了该产业链各个环节的各大型企业;其次,讼争技术领域较为集中,尤其是国际专利分类号为G06F的云存储计算专利技术较多;第三,受诉法院主要集中于联邦德州东区法院与特拉华州法院,被告通常运用的诉讼对策是反诉及管辖权异议;最后,案件一般以撤诉、双方和解结案,判决极少。由于《美国专利改革法案》对单一程序中被告数量的限制,新近云计算专利诉讼基本为单一被告。对美国云计算专利诉讼情况的调研将为我国企业参与云计算专利竞争,合理进行专利布局提供帮助。

非物质文化遗产的创造与民族国家认同——以“大禹祭典”为例

大禹祭祀在浙江省绍兴地区历史悠久,但因为政治、社会的原因,曾经在很长的一段时期内衰退、消失。现在,大禹祭祀在地方经济文化的建设中,特别是在非物质文化遗产保护背景下得到再生和发展;而这种再生和发展无疑伴随着"传统"、"民俗"、"非物质文化遗产"的再创造过程。围绕着"非物质文化遗产"-"大禹祭典"的"传统"、"民俗"的创造,孕育了国家整合、地方开发、宗族变化之间的互酬互惠的关系;同时,也经历了由民间文化、地方文化到表象民族、国家的中华文化的升华。

The Conceptual Design Method for a Pumping Unit Based on QFD and TRIZ

Quality function deployment （QFD） is a quality system, that can help to design novel products that meet customers＇ needs. Theory of inventive problem solving （TRIZ） is a very powerful tool in helping to solve difficult technical problems encountered in the design process. Introducing QFD and TRIZ into the conceptual design of the pumping unit combines advantages of these two theories, therefore meeting different demands of different users. It can tell us “What should we do it” with QFD and “How should we do it” with TRIZ. The conceptual design method, which is based on QFD and TRIZ, is introduced andused to analyze and evaluate the conceptual design project of a pumping unit.

非物质文化的创造——以浙江省宁波市象山县的竹根雕为题材

对于非物质文化,在研究和政策的层面上,是以遗产(heritage)这种形式作为保护的对象来对待的。但是,在很多传承下来的非物质文化正在消失的现代,另一方面却又有很多非物质文化被创造出来。非物质文化是经历了漫长的岁月而生成的,而且,即使在现在也仍然在不断地创造着。非物质文化是不断地被人类创造出来的文化,我们不仅要从保护的侧面进行理解,同时,也必须要从创造的侧面来进行理解。本文以浙江省宁波市象山县的竹根雕为题材,以此探讨其两千年的根艺的历史是由现在的人们建构起来的,并作为新的"传统"性的非物质文化被发明出来的文化创造的动态过程。