In this research, distributions of precipitation, temperature and evaporation in Seydisuyu basin were analyzed with the help of inverse distance weighted (IDW) method. Because real meteorological data of the basin (pr...In this research, distributions of precipitation, temperature and evaporation in Seydisuyu basin were analyzed with the help of inverse distance weighted (IDW) method. Because real meteorological data of the basin (precipitation, temperature and evaporation) do not have normal distribution, precipitation, temperature and evaporation distribution maps are drawn after normalization process. The number of meteorological stations, in other words the number of samples, is low, so only IDW method is used in this research. In addition to the research, reliability of the results obtained with the help of inverse distance weighting method was examined with accuracy analysis. The purpose of this study, the spatial distribution of meteorological data on a basin or areas is to demonstrate the applicability of the statistical basis.展开更多
为了解决工业发展导致的灌区土壤投入品残留污染问题,给出一种基于地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的土壤污染监测预警系统。该系统结合VOC-PF1型传感器、STM32主控芯片和GSM通信模块,实现了高效的数据采集和通信功能...为了解决工业发展导致的灌区土壤投入品残留污染问题,给出一种基于地理信息系统(geographic information system,GIS)的土壤污染监测预警系统。该系统结合VOC-PF1型传感器、STM32主控芯片和GSM通信模块,实现了高效的数据采集和通信功能。通过反距离加权(inverse distance weighted,IDW)插值法进行空间分析,并设立预警阈值,实现对灌区土壤投入品残留污染的实时监测和预警。实验结果表明:该系统的监测精度高达98%,监测时长最高为49 s,具有很高的实用性和效率。研究结果不仅为灌区土壤投入品残留污染监测提供了有效手段,也为环境保护和农业可持续发展提供有力支持。展开更多
针对大气可降水量(Precipitable Water Vapor,PWV)精细化过程中插值算法的选取,本文系统性地分析了线性插值三角网法、克里金插值法、空间反距离(Inverse Distance Weighting,IDW)插值法3种方法,并提出了顾及GNSS水汽特性和站间距离的优...针对大气可降水量(Precipitable Water Vapor,PWV)精细化过程中插值算法的选取,本文系统性地分析了线性插值三角网法、克里金插值法、空间反距离(Inverse Distance Weighting,IDW)插值法3种方法,并提出了顾及GNSS水汽特性和站间距离的优化IDW插值方法.该方法通过分析GNSS站点距离与大气水汽分布特性对插值结果的影响,进而对插值参数进行优化,使插值结果靠近高精度的观测值.利用2017年5—7月徐州连续运行参考站的GNSS实测数据与探空站数据对该方法进行分析,实验结果表明:顾及GNSS水汽特性和站间距离的优化IDW插值方法的标准差、平均绝对误差、平均相对误差、均方根误差都要低于其他3种经典插值方法,其中均方根误差分别降低了14.88%、15.70%、4.12%.此外,本文分析了暴雨天气下不同插值算法重构高分辨率大气水汽分布图的能力,发现采用优化IDW插值方法能够显著减小采样站点分布不均及降水量激增造成的插值误差.这表明优化方法有助于重构局部地区稀疏GNSS站网的高分辨率大气水汽分布图,改进监测能力.展开更多
文摘反距离加权插值方法(Inverse Distance Weighted,IDW)是生成数字高程模型(Digital Elevation Model,DEM)的常用内插手段之一,不同的地形应使用合适的IDW距离指数进行插值。本文选取了平原、丘陵、小起伏山地、中起伏山地和大起伏山地5种地形,设计了2组试验,从地形宏观形态和地形微观形态2个方面研究了地形对IDW插值中最优距离指数(Optimal order of distances,OOD)的影响。首先使用狼群算法(Wolf pack algorithm,WPA)计算不同地形区下IDW插值的OOD,分析不同地形之间OOD的分布差异;其次选取坡度、坡向、曲率3个地形因子,计算各采样点的OOD,分析不同地形因子对采样点OOD的影响。结果表明,从平原地区到大起伏山地地区,随着区域内地形起伏度的增加,OOD减小。采样点的OOD在高值区的占比随坡度增大而减小;OOD随坡向变化差异不大;随着地形曲率的增大,OOD在高值区的占比增加,在低值区的占比减小。在较为平坦的地区,例如平原地区,丘陵地区建议使用OOD在3≤a≤4范围内取值进行IDW插值,而在小起伏山地、中起伏山地和大起伏山地等山地区建议采用OOD在1≤a≤2范围内取值进行IDW插值。
文摘In this research, distributions of precipitation, temperature and evaporation in Seydisuyu basin were analyzed with the help of inverse distance weighted (IDW) method. Because real meteorological data of the basin (precipitation, temperature and evaporation) do not have normal distribution, precipitation, temperature and evaporation distribution maps are drawn after normalization process. The number of meteorological stations, in other words the number of samples, is low, so only IDW method is used in this research. In addition to the research, reliability of the results obtained with the help of inverse distance weighting method was examined with accuracy analysis. The purpose of this study, the spatial distribution of meteorological data on a basin or areas is to demonstrate the applicability of the statistical basis.
文摘针对大气可降水量(Precipitable Water Vapor,PWV)精细化过程中插值算法的选取,本文系统性地分析了线性插值三角网法、克里金插值法、空间反距离(Inverse Distance Weighting,IDW)插值法3种方法,并提出了顾及GNSS水汽特性和站间距离的优化IDW插值方法.该方法通过分析GNSS站点距离与大气水汽分布特性对插值结果的影响,进而对插值参数进行优化,使插值结果靠近高精度的观测值.利用2017年5—7月徐州连续运行参考站的GNSS实测数据与探空站数据对该方法进行分析,实验结果表明:顾及GNSS水汽特性和站间距离的优化IDW插值方法的标准差、平均绝对误差、平均相对误差、均方根误差都要低于其他3种经典插值方法,其中均方根误差分别降低了14.88%、15.70%、4.12%.此外,本文分析了暴雨天气下不同插值算法重构高分辨率大气水汽分布图的能力,发现采用优化IDW插值方法能够显著减小采样站点分布不均及降水量激增造成的插值误差.这表明优化方法有助于重构局部地区稀疏GNSS站网的高分辨率大气水汽分布图,改进监测能力.