This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of oral steroid premedication in terms of adverse reactions to non-ionic contrast media. We investigated the incidence of adverse reactions among patients who unde...This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of oral steroid premedication in terms of adverse reactions to non-ionic contrast media. We investigated the incidence of adverse reactions among patients who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Patients in the premedication group took 30 mg of prednisolone orally the night before and on the morning of the scheduled computed tomography. Sixty-five patients received the same contrast media. Among them, 56 took prednisolone orally prior to the procedure (premedication without change of contrast media group) and nine without premedication (no premedication and no change of contrast media group). In total, 379 patients received different contrast media. Among them, 340 took prednisolone orally (premedication with change of contrast media group), while 39 did not take the premedication (no premedication with change of contrast media group). The adverse reaction rates in the premedication with change of contrast media and no premedication with change of contrast media groups were 1.8% (6/340 cases) and 2.6% (1/39 cases) (P = 0.54), respectively. The incidence of adverse reaction after the administration of non-ionic iodinated contrast media did not differ significantly based on whether an oral steroid was administered prior to compute tomography. Our evaluation is limited due to the small sample size of the contrast media-changed group. However, even if premedication with steroids is effective, it may only result in an adverse reaction reduction rate of ≤3%.展开更多
To explore the feasibility and superiority of iodine delivery rate(IDR)and tube voltage determined by patients'body mass index(BMI)in coronary CT angiography(CCTA),a total of 1567 patients undertaking CCTA during ...To explore the feasibility and superiority of iodine delivery rate(IDR)and tube voltage determined by patients'body mass index(BMI)in coronary CT angiography(CCTA),a total of 1567 patients undertaking CCTA during Feb.and Dec.2016 were enrolled and divided into two groups.In the control group,the IDR and tube voltage were fixed,while in the experimental group,the IDR and tube voltage were determined by patients,BMI.The volume of iodinated contrast media(ICM),extravasation rate,extravasation volume,extravasation recovery interval,incidence rate of adverse reactions,effective dose(ED)and image quality of the two groups were compared.The experiments demonstrated that the ICM volume,extravasation rate,extravasation volume,extravasation recovery interval,incidence of adverse reactions and ED were lower or shorter in the experimental group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the mean CT value,image noise,signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio between the two groups(all P<0.05),which were consistent with the diagnosticians*subjective evaluation outcomes.Our findings suggested that in CCTA,it is feasible to determine the IDR and tube voltage based on patients'BMI;low tube voltage and IDR are superior to the fixed tube voltage and IDR and are worthy of clinical promotion.展开更多
Rechargeable aqueous zinc iodine(ZnǀǀI_(2))batteries have been promising energy storage technologies due to low-cost position and constitutional safety of zinc anode,iodine cathode and aqueous electrolytes.Whereas,on ...Rechargeable aqueous zinc iodine(ZnǀǀI_(2))batteries have been promising energy storage technologies due to low-cost position and constitutional safety of zinc anode,iodine cathode and aqueous electrolytes.Whereas,on one hand,the low-fraction utilization of electrochemically inert host causes severe shuttle of soluble polyiodides,deficient iodine utilization and sluggish reaction kinetics.On the other hand,the usage of high mass polar electrocatalysts occupies mass and volume of electrode materials and sacrifices device-level energy density.Here,we propose a“confinement-catalysis”host composed of Fe single atom catalyst embedding inside ordered mesoporous carbon host,which can effectively confine and catalytically convert I_(2)/I^(−)couple and polyiodide intermediates.Consequently,the cathode enables the high capacity of 188.2 mAh g^(−1)at 0.3 A g^(−1),excellent rate capability with a capacity of 139.6 mAh g^(−1)delivered at high current density of 15 A g^(−1)and ultra-long cyclic stability over 50,000 cycles with 80.5%initial capacity retained under high iodine loading of 76.72 wt%.Furthermore,the electrocatalytic host can also accelerate the I^(+)↔I_(2)conversion.The greatly improved electrochemical performance originates from the modulation of physicochemical confinement and the decrease of energy barrier for reversible I−/I_(2)and I_(2)/I^(+)couples,and polyiodide intermediates conversions.展开更多
The reaction mechanism of Br2 ＋ I2 = 2IBr was investigated at the （U）MP2/3-21G^＊ level, and one four-centred transition state as well as two three-atom molecules （IBr2,I2Br） were thus obtained. The same result w...The reaction mechanism of Br2 ＋ I2 = 2IBr was investigated at the （U）MP2/3-21G^＊ level, and one four-centred transition state as well as two three-atom molecules （IBr2,I2Br） were thus obtained. The same result was achieved by comparing the activation energy of three reaction paths, i.e., the minimum activation energy of the bimolecular elementary reaction Br2 ＋ I2 = 2IBr is less than the dissociation energy of Br2 or I2. It is thus theoretically proved that the title reaction occurs more easily in the bimolecular form without light initiation. However, once the reaction system was initiated by light through the reaction path of Br atom reacting with I2 or I atom reacting with Br2, the title reaction was completed quickly, which was verified with absorbance measurement at 516 nm in the present study.展开更多
文摘This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of oral steroid premedication in terms of adverse reactions to non-ionic contrast media. We investigated the incidence of adverse reactions among patients who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Patients in the premedication group took 30 mg of prednisolone orally the night before and on the morning of the scheduled computed tomography. Sixty-five patients received the same contrast media. Among them, 56 took prednisolone orally prior to the procedure (premedication without change of contrast media group) and nine without premedication (no premedication and no change of contrast media group). In total, 379 patients received different contrast media. Among them, 340 took prednisolone orally (premedication with change of contrast media group), while 39 did not take the premedication (no premedication with change of contrast media group). The adverse reaction rates in the premedication with change of contrast media and no premedication with change of contrast media groups were 1.8% (6/340 cases) and 2.6% (1/39 cases) (P = 0.54), respectively. The incidence of adverse reaction after the administration of non-ionic iodinated contrast media did not differ significantly based on whether an oral steroid was administered prior to compute tomography. Our evaluation is limited due to the small sample size of the contrast media-changed group. However, even if premedication with steroids is effective, it may only result in an adverse reaction reduction rate of ≤3%.
文摘To explore the feasibility and superiority of iodine delivery rate(IDR)and tube voltage determined by patients'body mass index(BMI)in coronary CT angiography(CCTA),a total of 1567 patients undertaking CCTA during Feb.and Dec.2016 were enrolled and divided into two groups.In the control group,the IDR and tube voltage were fixed,while in the experimental group,the IDR and tube voltage were determined by patients,BMI.The volume of iodinated contrast media(ICM),extravasation rate,extravasation volume,extravasation recovery interval,incidence rate of adverse reactions,effective dose(ED)and image quality of the two groups were compared.The experiments demonstrated that the ICM volume,extravasation rate,extravasation volume,extravasation recovery interval,incidence of adverse reactions and ED were lower or shorter in the experimental group than in the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(all P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in the mean CT value,image noise,signal to noise ratio and contrast to noise ratio between the two groups(all P<0.05),which were consistent with the diagnosticians*subjective evaluation outcomes.Our findings suggested that in CCTA,it is feasible to determine the IDR and tube voltage based on patients'BMI;low tube voltage and IDR are superior to the fixed tube voltage and IDR and are worthy of clinical promotion.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project(2020YFC1521900 and 2020YFC1521904)the Shaanxi Provincial Science Foundation(2021GXLH-01-11)+1 种基金We would also like to thank National Natural Science Foundation of China(52202299)Analytical&Testing Center of Northwestern Polytechnical University(2022T006).
文摘Rechargeable aqueous zinc iodine(ZnǀǀI_(2))batteries have been promising energy storage technologies due to low-cost position and constitutional safety of zinc anode,iodine cathode and aqueous electrolytes.Whereas,on one hand,the low-fraction utilization of electrochemically inert host causes severe shuttle of soluble polyiodides,deficient iodine utilization and sluggish reaction kinetics.On the other hand,the usage of high mass polar electrocatalysts occupies mass and volume of electrode materials and sacrifices device-level energy density.Here,we propose a“confinement-catalysis”host composed of Fe single atom catalyst embedding inside ordered mesoporous carbon host,which can effectively confine and catalytically convert I_(2)/I^(−)couple and polyiodide intermediates.Consequently,the cathode enables the high capacity of 188.2 mAh g^(−1)at 0.3 A g^(−1),excellent rate capability with a capacity of 139.6 mAh g^(−1)delivered at high current density of 15 A g^(−1)and ultra-long cyclic stability over 50,000 cycles with 80.5%initial capacity retained under high iodine loading of 76.72 wt%.Furthermore,the electrocatalytic host can also accelerate the I^(+)↔I_(2)conversion.The greatly improved electrochemical performance originates from the modulation of physicochemical confinement and the decrease of energy barrier for reversible I−/I_(2)and I_(2)/I^(+)couples,and polyiodide intermediates conversions.
基金Project supported by the Chinese Post Doctoral Research Fund (No. 2003033486)
文摘The reaction mechanism of Br2 ＋ I2 = 2IBr was investigated at the （U）MP2/3-21G^＊ level, and one four-centred transition state as well as two three-atom molecules （IBr2,I2Br） were thus obtained. The same result was achieved by comparing the activation energy of three reaction paths, i.e., the minimum activation energy of the bimolecular elementary reaction Br2 ＋ I2 = 2IBr is less than the dissociation energy of Br2 or I2. It is thus theoretically proved that the title reaction occurs more easily in the bimolecular form without light initiation. However, once the reaction system was initiated by light through the reaction path of Br atom reacting with I2 or I atom reacting with Br2, the title reaction was completed quickly, which was verified with absorbance measurement at 516 nm in the present study.
