To research techniques for removing the water blocking effect caused by hydraulic applications in coal seams,the use of surfactants is proposed,based on the mechanics of the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experimen...To research techniques for removing the water blocking effect caused by hydraulic applications in coal seams,the use of surfactants is proposed,based on the mechanics of the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experiments were used to validate the effects of using surfactants;the results show that after dealing with vacuum saturation with water,the volume of micropores decreases,which results in a larger average pore size,and the volume of transitional pores,mesopores,macropores and total pores increases.Based on the distribution of pore size,the operation mode of ‘‘water infusion after gas extraction,then continuing gas extraction" is recommended to improve the volume of coal mine gas drainage.When the reflectance of vitrinite in coal samples is less than 1,using the surfactants Fast T,1631,APG,BS can mitigate the damage caused by the water blocking effect.But when the reflectance of vitrinite is larger than 1.4,the damage caused by the water blocking effect can be increased.When the surfactant CMC is used in hydraulic applications,the capillary forces of coal samples are almost negative,which means the capillary force is in the same direction as the gas extraction.The direction of capillary forces benefits the gas flow.So,using CMC can play an active role in removing the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experiments confirm that using CMC can effectively remove the water blocking effect,which has a beneficial effect on improving the gas drainage volume.展开更多
为了解非离子型气湿反转剂在改变砂岩表面润湿性方面的作用效果,获得气润湿性良好的砂岩地层,提高凝析气藏的生产能力,分别采用接触角法和Owens二液法考察了非离子型表面活性剂处理前后砂岩岩心的气润湿程度和表面自由能,研究了无机盐...为了解非离子型气湿反转剂在改变砂岩表面润湿性方面的作用效果,获得气润湿性良好的砂岩地层,提高凝析气藏的生产能力,分别采用接触角法和Owens二液法考察了非离子型表面活性剂处理前后砂岩岩心的气润湿程度和表面自由能,研究了无机盐、温度和pH值对气润湿性的影响及气润湿反转的有效期。结果表明,质量分数为0.3%的非离子型氟碳表面活性剂(FG24)可将岩心表面的润湿性由液润湿性反转为强气润湿性,水相和油相在岩心表面的接触角由处理前的36.0°和0°分别增至141.3°和108.0°,且岩心的表面自由能由71.0 m N/m急剧降至3.29 m N/m。在pH值为1数10、无机盐溶液质量浓度为100 g/L、温度140℃范围内,油水相在岩心表面的接触角均大于90°;岩心可在60 d内保持强气润湿性。FG24可将岩心表面反转为強气湿性,并具有良好的耐盐性和耐温性。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51504084)the Education Department of Fujian Province (No.JA15493)
文摘To research techniques for removing the water blocking effect caused by hydraulic applications in coal seams,the use of surfactants is proposed,based on the mechanics of the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experiments were used to validate the effects of using surfactants;the results show that after dealing with vacuum saturation with water,the volume of micropores decreases,which results in a larger average pore size,and the volume of transitional pores,mesopores,macropores and total pores increases.Based on the distribution of pore size,the operation mode of ‘‘water infusion after gas extraction,then continuing gas extraction" is recommended to improve the volume of coal mine gas drainage.When the reflectance of vitrinite in coal samples is less than 1,using the surfactants Fast T,1631,APG,BS can mitigate the damage caused by the water blocking effect.But when the reflectance of vitrinite is larger than 1.4,the damage caused by the water blocking effect can be increased.When the surfactant CMC is used in hydraulic applications,the capillary forces of coal samples are almost negative,which means the capillary force is in the same direction as the gas extraction.The direction of capillary forces benefits the gas flow.So,using CMC can play an active role in removing the water blocking effect.Centrifugal experiments confirm that using CMC can effectively remove the water blocking effect,which has a beneficial effect on improving the gas drainage volume.
文摘为了解非离子型气湿反转剂在改变砂岩表面润湿性方面的作用效果,获得气润湿性良好的砂岩地层,提高凝析气藏的生产能力,分别采用接触角法和Owens二液法考察了非离子型表面活性剂处理前后砂岩岩心的气润湿程度和表面自由能,研究了无机盐、温度和pH值对气润湿性的影响及气润湿反转的有效期。结果表明,质量分数为0.3%的非离子型氟碳表面活性剂(FG24)可将岩心表面的润湿性由液润湿性反转为强气润湿性,水相和油相在岩心表面的接触角由处理前的36.0°和0°分别增至141.3°和108.0°,且岩心的表面自由能由71.0 m N/m急剧降至3.29 m N/m。在pH值为1数10、无机盐溶液质量浓度为100 g/L、温度140℃范围内,油水相在岩心表面的接触角均大于90°;岩心可在60 d内保持强气润湿性。FG24可将岩心表面反转为強气湿性,并具有良好的耐盐性和耐温性。
