An equivalent relationship between electro magnetic flowmeters (EMFs) and the Hall effect is discussed in principle and three equivalent conclusions about their measuring equations are derived. Thereby,the calibratio...An equivalent relationship between electro magnetic flowmeters (EMFs) and the Hall effect is discussed in principle and three equivalent conclusions about their measuring equations are derived. Thereby,the calibration using the ionic current (CUIC) is introduced to the calibration of EMFs in a special Hall effect system. A basic system with these equations is specially given and discussed for realizing the method. Two key points about CUIC are proved by a simple experiment.展开更多
In this work, the exp(-φ (ξ )) -expansion method is used for the first time to investigate the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of nonlinear evolution equations. When these parameters are taken to...In this work, the exp(-φ (ξ )) -expansion method is used for the first time to investigate the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of nonlinear evolution equations. When these parameters are taken to be special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact traveling wave solutions. The validity and reliability of the method are tested by its applications to Nano-ionic solitons wave’s propagation along microtubules in living cells and Nano-ionic currents of MTs which play an important role in biology.展开更多
In this work, the extended Jacobian elliptic function expansion method is used as the first time to evaluate the exact traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. The validity and reliability of the met...In this work, the extended Jacobian elliptic function expansion method is used as the first time to evaluate the exact traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. The validity and reliability of the method are tested by its applications to nano-solitons of ionic waves propagation along microtubules in living cells and nano-ionic currents of MTs which play an important role in biology.展开更多
In recent decades,the properties and behaviors of nanofluidic devices have been widely explored in varied subjects such as engineering,physics,chemistry,and biology.Among the rich properties of nanofluidics,ionic curr...In recent decades,the properties and behaviors of nanofluidic devices have been widely explored in varied subjects such as engineering,physics,chemistry,and biology.Among the rich properties of nanofluidics,ionic current rectification(ICR) is a unique phenomenon arising from asymmetric nanofluidic devices with electric double layer(EDL) overlapped.The ICR property is especially useful in applications including energy conversion,mass separation,sea water purification and bioanalysis.In this review,the ICR property in nanofluidics as well as the underlying mechanism is demonstrated.The influencing factors concerning to the ICR property are systematically summarized.The asymmetric geometry as well as the charge distribution is in charge of the ICR behavior occurring in nanofluidic devices.This review is aimed at readers who are interested in the fundamentals of mass transport in nanofluidics in general,as well as those who are willing to apply nanofluidics in various research fields.展开更多
The water dissociation mechanism on a bipolar membrane under the electrical field was investigated and characterized in terms of ionic transport and limiting current density. It is considered that the depletion layer ...The water dissociation mechanism on a bipolar membrane under the electrical field was investigated and characterized in terms of ionic transport and limiting current density. It is considered that the depletion layer exists at the junction of a bipolar membrane, which is coincided with the viewpoint of the most literatures, but we also consider that the thickness and conductivity of this layer is not only related with the increase of the applied voltage but also with the limiting current density. Below the limiting current density, the thickness of the depletion layer keeps a constant and the conductivity decreases with the increase of the applied voltage; while above the limiting current density, the depletion thickness will increase with the increase of the applied voltage and the conductivity keeps a very low constant. Based on the data reported in the literatures and independent determinations, the limiting current density was calculated and the experimental curves Ⅰ-Ⅴ in the two directions were com展开更多
The negative DC corona discharge in air at atmospheric pressure was investigated in a needle-to-water system to obtain the pressure distribution of corona ionic wind.The deformation of water surface was measured and t...The negative DC corona discharge in air at atmospheric pressure was investigated in a needle-to-water system to obtain the pressure distribution of corona ionic wind.The deformation of water surface was measured and the distribution of wind pressure over the water surface was calculated.The effects of varying discharge parameters,such as applied voltage,gap spacing,tip radius of needle,and the shape of grounded electrode,on the wind pressure were studied.The measured wind pressure ranges from several Pa to several tens of Pa and up to 33 Pa over a small area;the pressure is comparatively large in the center and decreases quickly outwards.In the experiment system,a higher voltage on a 3 mm gap resulted in a stronger pressure of the ionic wind;around the onset voltage,using a needle with tip radius of 50μm obtained a larger wind pressure than using a needle with 100μm tip radius,but the latter one can produce larger pressure at higher voltages.Plus,the shape of the grounded electrode only influences the wind pressure a little.展开更多
Experiments of poly（dT）20 electrophoresis throughα-hemolysin nanopores were performed to unveil the electrophoretic transport mechanism of DNA through nanopores in high concentration potassium chloride solution. It...Experiments of poly（dT）20 electrophoresis throughα-hemolysin nanopores were performed to unveil the electrophoretic transport mechanism of DNA through nanopores in high concentration potassium chloride solution. It is found that there are two obvious current blockades induced by poly（dT）20 translocation and collision events. Both blockade currents increase linearly with the applied bias voltage. However, the normalized blockade currents are almost kept the same although variable bias voltages are applied. The collision time of poly（dT）20 in the luminal site of the pore remains constant for different voltages. The translocation speed of poly（dT）20through the nanopore decreases with the increase of bias voltage. It is because as the potential increases, the drag force on the homopolymer helps it to crumple into a cluster much easier due to the poor stacking of thymine residues compared with homopolymers consisting of other nucleotides. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirm the experimental results. Increasing the applied bias voltage can slowdown the translocation velocity of the flexible poly（dT）20, which favors increasing the precision of single molecule detection by using nanopores.展开更多
文摘An equivalent relationship between electro magnetic flowmeters (EMFs) and the Hall effect is discussed in principle and three equivalent conclusions about their measuring equations are derived. Thereby,the calibration using the ionic current (CUIC) is introduced to the calibration of EMFs in a special Hall effect system. A basic system with these equations is specially given and discussed for realizing the method. Two key points about CUIC are proved by a simple experiment.
文摘In this work, the exp(-φ (ξ )) -expansion method is used for the first time to investigate the exact traveling wave solutions involving parameters of nonlinear evolution equations. When these parameters are taken to be special values, the solitary wave solutions are derived from the exact traveling wave solutions. The validity and reliability of the method are tested by its applications to Nano-ionic solitons wave’s propagation along microtubules in living cells and Nano-ionic currents of MTs which play an important role in biology.
文摘In this work, the extended Jacobian elliptic function expansion method is used as the first time to evaluate the exact traveling wave solutions of nonlinear evolution equations. The validity and reliability of the method are tested by its applications to nano-solitons of ionic waves propagation along microtubules in living cells and nano-ionic currents of MTs which play an important role in biology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21874155,21575163)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20191316)+2 种基金the Double First-Class University Project(No.CPU2018GY25)the State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science(No.SKLACLS1919)the Qing-Lan Project ofjiangsu Province(2019)。
文摘In recent decades,the properties and behaviors of nanofluidic devices have been widely explored in varied subjects such as engineering,physics,chemistry,and biology.Among the rich properties of nanofluidics,ionic current rectification(ICR) is a unique phenomenon arising from asymmetric nanofluidic devices with electric double layer(EDL) overlapped.The ICR property is especially useful in applications including energy conversion,mass separation,sea water purification and bioanalysis.In this review,the ICR property in nanofluidics as well as the underlying mechanism is demonstrated.The influencing factors concerning to the ICR property are systematically summarized.The asymmetric geometry as well as the charge distribution is in charge of the ICR behavior occurring in nanofluidic devices.This review is aimed at readers who are interested in the fundamentals of mass transport in nanofluidics in general,as well as those who are willing to apply nanofluidics in various research fields.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(29976040),Natural Science Foundation of AnhuiProvince(99045431),Foundation of Environments and Resources of USTC and Youth Foundation of USTC.
文摘The water dissociation mechanism on a bipolar membrane under the electrical field was investigated and characterized in terms of ionic transport and limiting current density. It is considered that the depletion layer exists at the junction of a bipolar membrane, which is coincided with the viewpoint of the most literatures, but we also consider that the thickness and conductivity of this layer is not only related with the increase of the applied voltage but also with the limiting current density. Below the limiting current density, the thickness of the depletion layer keeps a constant and the conductivity decreases with the increase of the applied voltage; while above the limiting current density, the depletion thickness will increase with the increase of the applied voltage and the conductivity keeps a very low constant. Based on the data reported in the literatures and independent determinations, the limiting current density was calculated and the experimental curves Ⅰ-Ⅴ in the two directions were com
基金Project supported by National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Electro-mechanical Dynamic Control of China(2011C3606)
文摘The negative DC corona discharge in air at atmospheric pressure was investigated in a needle-to-water system to obtain the pressure distribution of corona ionic wind.The deformation of water surface was measured and the distribution of wind pressure over the water surface was calculated.The effects of varying discharge parameters,such as applied voltage,gap spacing,tip radius of needle,and the shape of grounded electrode,on the wind pressure were studied.The measured wind pressure ranges from several Pa to several tens of Pa and up to 33 Pa over a small area;the pressure is comparatively large in the center and decreases quickly outwards.In the experiment system,a higher voltage on a 3 mm gap resulted in a stronger pressure of the ionic wind;around the onset voltage,using a needle with tip radius of 50μm obtained a larger wind pressure than using a needle with 100μm tip radius,but the latter one can produce larger pressure at higher voltages.Plus,the shape of the grounded electrode only influences the wind pressure a little.
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51435003,51375092)Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(No.KJ1401030)+1 种基金the Research & Innovation Program for Graduate Student in Universities of Jiangsu Province(No.KYLX_0100)the Scientific Research Foundation of Graduate School of Southeast University(No.YBJJ1540)
文摘Experiments of poly（dT）20 electrophoresis throughα-hemolysin nanopores were performed to unveil the electrophoretic transport mechanism of DNA through nanopores in high concentration potassium chloride solution. It is found that there are two obvious current blockades induced by poly（dT）20 translocation and collision events. Both blockade currents increase linearly with the applied bias voltage. However, the normalized blockade currents are almost kept the same although variable bias voltages are applied. The collision time of poly（dT）20 in the luminal site of the pore remains constant for different voltages. The translocation speed of poly（dT）20through the nanopore decreases with the increase of bias voltage. It is because as the potential increases, the drag force on the homopolymer helps it to crumple into a cluster much easier due to the poor stacking of thymine residues compared with homopolymers consisting of other nucleotides. Molecular dynamics simulations further confirm the experimental results. Increasing the applied bias voltage can slowdown the translocation velocity of the flexible poly（dT）20, which favors increasing the precision of single molecule detection by using nanopores.
