The electrochemical treatment of COD contained in biologically pretreated coking wastewater treated by a three-dimensional electrode system with modified coke as the particle electrode was investigated. And the electr...The electrochemical treatment of COD contained in biologically pretreated coking wastewater treated by a three-dimensional electrode system with modified coke as the particle electrode was investigated. And the electrochemical perromance of the coke modified with various active components was studied. The results show that the coke modified with Fe（NO3）2 has the lowest energy consumption and higher COD removal rate under the same condition, and the modified coke has better surface characteristics for the purpose of this study. In addition, the kinetic constant was also calculated. The study shows that the three-dimensional electrode system with Fe （NO3）z-modified coke can give a satisfactory solution in biologically pretreated coking wastewater.展开更多
In this study,we prepared Ti/IrO2–ZrO2 electrodes with different ZrO2 contents using zirconium-n-butoxide(C16H36O4Zr)and chloroiridic acid(H2IrCl6)via a sol–gel route.To explore the effect of ZrO2 content on the sur...In this study,we prepared Ti/IrO2–ZrO2 electrodes with different ZrO2 contents using zirconium-n-butoxide(C16H36O4Zr)and chloroiridic acid(H2IrCl6)via a sol–gel route.To explore the effect of ZrO2 content on the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of electrodes,we performed physical characterizations and electrochemical measurements.The obtained results revealed that the binary oxide coating was composed of rutile IrO2,amorphous ZrO2,and an IrO2–ZrO2 solid solution.The IrO2–ZrO2 binary oxide coatings exhibited cracked structures with flat regions.A slight incorporation of ZrO2 promoted the crystallization of the active component IrO2.However,the crystallization of IrO2 was hindered when the added ZrO2 content was greater than 30at%.The appropriate incorporation of ZrO2 enhanced the electrocatalytic performance of the pure IrO2 coating.The Ti/70at%IrO2–30at%ZrO2 electrode,with its large active surface area,improved electrocatalytic activity,long service lifetime,and especially,lower cost,is the most effective for promoting oxygen evolution in sulfuric acid solution.展开更多
采用热分解法制备了不同比例钴酸镧掺杂Ti/RuO_2电极材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等分析方法表征电极涂层的物相结构与形貌特征,采用电化学测量表征电极的物理化学性能。分析表明电极涂层由不规则的颗...采用热分解法制备了不同比例钴酸镧掺杂Ti/RuO_2电极材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等分析方法表征电极涂层的物相结构与形貌特征,采用电化学测量表征电极的物理化学性能。分析表明电极涂层由不规则的颗粒组成,颗粒间有一定的孔隙,掺杂钴酸镧电极涂层含有Ti,Ru,La及Co金属元素,相结构主要为金红石相,掺杂钴酸镧电极涂层的晶粒较小,不同掺杂量对晶粒大小影响不大。电化学研究表明,电极具有典型的钌氧化物所具备的电化学性能,掺杂钴酸镧电极的电化学面积较大,电极的可逆性能得到改善。所制备的电极具有大致相同的析氧电位(1.19 V vs. SCE),随着钴酸镧掺杂量的增多,Tafel斜率依次减小,表明掺杂钴酸镧电极的活性较高,且掺杂钴酸镧后电极强化寿命得到显著提高。展开更多
Poorly crystalline Ru0.4Sn0.6O2 solid solution with size about 2 nm coated on Ti substrate was prepared by thermal decomposition at 260°C. The electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning el...Poorly crystalline Ru0.4Sn0.6O2 solid solution with size about 2 nm coated on Ti substrate was prepared by thermal decomposition at 260°C. The electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structural and morphological studies. The Capacitance properties of the electrodes were tested by cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge tests. The results show that the electrodes have mud-cracks structure with cracks 0.2 μm in width. The electrode has stable electrochemical capacitor properties with a maximum specific capacitance of 648 F/g within a scan potential window –0.1 - 1.0 V in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte solution.展开更多
采用密度泛函理论的局域密度近似(Local Density Approximation,LDA)和广义梯度近似(Generalized Gradient Approximation,GGA)方法,对金红石型RuO2和IrO2的结构进行了计算,获得了体模量、晶胞体积和键长等数据,分析了它们与实验数据的...采用密度泛函理论的局域密度近似(Local Density Approximation,LDA)和广义梯度近似(Generalized Gradient Approximation,GGA)方法,对金红石型RuO2和IrO2的结构进行了计算,获得了体模量、晶胞体积和键长等数据,分析了它们与实验数据的不同原因。结果表明:采用GGA和LDA获得的数据与状态方程式拟合很好,采用LDA计算的稳定状态下的系统形成能E0(绝对值)高于GGA计算的结果,而对超胞体积V0,则是LDA的计算结果小于GGA。两种方法计算出来的体积弹性模量相差将近50 GPa。采用LDA获得的体积弹性模量、晶胞体积、晶体参数和键长均优于GGA计算的结果。引入热膨胀系数对RuO2和IrO2晶胞体积的LDA的计算结果进行修正,可以得到与实验值非常接近的结果。展开更多
文摘The electrochemical treatment of COD contained in biologically pretreated coking wastewater treated by a three-dimensional electrode system with modified coke as the particle electrode was investigated. And the electrochemical perromance of the coke modified with various active components was studied. The results show that the coke modified with Fe（NO3）2 has the lowest energy consumption and higher COD removal rate under the same condition, and the modified coke has better surface characteristics for the purpose of this study. In addition, the kinetic constant was also calculated. The study shows that the three-dimensional electrode system with Fe （NO3）z-modified coke can give a satisfactory solution in biologically pretreated coking wastewater.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1802253, 51974025 and 51674026)the Guangxi Innovation-Driven Development Project (No. AA18242042-1)+1 种基金the Beijing Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2182040)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (FRF22TT-19-001)
文摘In this study,we prepared Ti/IrO2–ZrO2 electrodes with different ZrO2 contents using zirconium-n-butoxide(C16H36O4Zr)and chloroiridic acid(H2IrCl6)via a sol–gel route.To explore the effect of ZrO2 content on the surface properties and electrochemical behavior of electrodes,we performed physical characterizations and electrochemical measurements.The obtained results revealed that the binary oxide coating was composed of rutile IrO2,amorphous ZrO2,and an IrO2–ZrO2 solid solution.The IrO2–ZrO2 binary oxide coatings exhibited cracked structures with flat regions.A slight incorporation of ZrO2 promoted the crystallization of the active component IrO2.However,the crystallization of IrO2 was hindered when the added ZrO2 content was greater than 30at%.The appropriate incorporation of ZrO2 enhanced the electrocatalytic performance of the pure IrO2 coating.The Ti/70at%IrO2–30at%ZrO2 electrode,with its large active surface area,improved electrocatalytic activity,long service lifetime,and especially,lower cost,is the most effective for promoting oxygen evolution in sulfuric acid solution.
文摘采用热分解法制备了不同比例钴酸镧掺杂Ti/RuO_2电极材料。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱分析(EDS)、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)等分析方法表征电极涂层的物相结构与形貌特征,采用电化学测量表征电极的物理化学性能。分析表明电极涂层由不规则的颗粒组成,颗粒间有一定的孔隙,掺杂钴酸镧电极涂层含有Ti,Ru,La及Co金属元素,相结构主要为金红石相,掺杂钴酸镧电极涂层的晶粒较小,不同掺杂量对晶粒大小影响不大。电化学研究表明,电极具有典型的钌氧化物所具备的电化学性能,掺杂钴酸镧电极的电化学面积较大,电极的可逆性能得到改善。所制备的电极具有大致相同的析氧电位(1.19 V vs. SCE),随着钴酸镧掺杂量的增多,Tafel斜率依次减小,表明掺杂钴酸镧电极的活性较高,且掺杂钴酸镧后电极强化寿命得到显著提高。
文摘Poorly crystalline Ru0.4Sn0.6O2 solid solution with size about 2 nm coated on Ti substrate was prepared by thermal decomposition at 260°C. The electrodes were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structural and morphological studies. The Capacitance properties of the electrodes were tested by cyclic voltammetry and charge-discharge tests. The results show that the electrodes have mud-cracks structure with cracks 0.2 μm in width. The electrode has stable electrochemical capacitor properties with a maximum specific capacitance of 648 F/g within a scan potential window –0.1 - 1.0 V in 0.5 M H2SO4 electrolyte solution.
