The Governmental Responsibility of Relief Measure in the Process of Implementing Anti-Domestic Violence

The first Anti-Domestic Violence Law of the People's Republic of China came into effect on March 1, 2016, which filled the vacancy of anti-domestic violence law in the legal system of China. The anti-domestic violence law is aimed at preventing and avoiding domestic violence, protecting lawful rights and interests of family members, maintaining a peaceful, harmonious and civilized family relation and promoting family harmony and social stability. The process of implementing the anti-domestic violence law is not accomplished at one stroke;instead, it is a systematic engineering needing to be done with efforts from all directions. The government, as the strongest supporter of citizens, shall take corresponding responsibilities in the process of implementing the anti- domestic violence law, especially the governmental responsibility of relief measure in the process of implementing anti-domestic violence.

The Fulfillment of Government Responsibilities in the Collaborative Governance of Rural Water Pollution

Rural environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, which has become an important problem to be solved urgently in our country under the background of the new era. Protecting the ecological environment is one of the important functions of the government, and protecting the rural water environment is the unshirkable responsibility of the local governments. As the main body of rural water pollution control, how to define and fulfill the local governments’ responsibilities is of great significance to the advancement of the overall governance work. This paper starts from the local governments, which are the important main body of rural environmental governance. By comparing the similarities and differences between the performance of government responsibilities under the traditional governance model and the collaborative governance model, clarifies the governance responsibilities of the local governments. And further explores the effective measures for the government to play the main role, fulfill the main responsibilities, and participate in the collaborative governance of rural water pollution.

Government's Responsibility for Control of Agricultural Environmental Pollution in China

In this paper,the current situation of agricultural environmental pollution caused by the increase of chemicals input in agriculture in China was analyzed,and it is found that agricultural pollution is related to agricultural industrial policies,urban-rural economic structure,funds input in pollution control,comprehensive environmental management,laws of pollution control,and so forth. To control agricultural pollution effectively,it is needed to implement integration of agricultural and environmental policies,establish environmentally friendly agricultural technology popularizing system,implement integrated planning and management of a basin,and set up and improve legislation to protect agricultural environment.

On the Government's Responsibility in China's Rural Land Transfer

There is an urgent need for China's rural land transfer in order to develop modern agriculture,ensure food security,transfer rural population,and accelerate industrialization and urbanization.At present,there is still disordered transfer of rural land in China,making the interests of the transferors and transferees difficult to be effectively guaranteed;there is inefficient transfer,leading to decline in actual agricultural production level after transfer;there is jobless transfer,leading to difficult placement for rural surplus labor after transfer,seriously restricting rural land transfer.Therefore,the Chinese government's legal responsibility,economic responsibility and social responsibility in rural land transfer should be further strengthened.

Service and Responsibility： Reinforcing the Environmental E-government of China

Environmental E-government plays an important role in the progress of uniting the harmonious development between human and nature, and building the environment-friendly-society. This paper discusses the relationship between environmental E-government and government function of the environmental management. To develop environmental E-government can better the executive ability of the government to manage the environment and serve the public. It can realize the over-all covering of environmental information beyond time and space. Also, it can enhance the mutual action between the society and the government, and improve the effectiveness of the government to manage the environment as well.

Research on Government Responsibility for the Protection of Intangible Cultural Heritage in Minority Areas

The protection of intangible cultural heritage is a long and arduous systematic project.It not only protects the heritage itself,but also protects its surroundings,including its historical,scientific,and emotional connotations and the elements of cultural heritage formation.In the protection of intangible cultural heritage,the local government will play a leading role and bear unshirkable responsibility for the success or failure of the construction.In the process,however,local governments are often affected by various factors,resulting in adverse phenomena such as government undertaking the whole things and protective damage.This paper takes minority areas as the research district to study the government responsibility for the protection of intangible cultural heritage.

Economic Responsibility Audit Transformation and Development of Township Party and Government Leading Cadres - Problems and Countermeasures

With the implementation of a series of policies to support rural development,such as the national rural revitalization strategy and poverty alleviation,the economic responsibility audit of township party and government leading cadres has been given new responsibilities and missions.However,some grass-roots audit institutions are faced with practical difficulties such as the solidification of audit thinking,slow progress of audit informatization construction,and large gap of grass-roots audit resources.The only way to overcome the difficulties is to explore the transfonnation of the economic responsibility audit and countermeasures of the township party and government leading cadres by tracing the source and adapting measxires according to the difficulties.

The Evaluation and Analysis of the Government’s Entity Responsibilities of Promoting Gender Equality and Women’s Development

During the past 40 years of reform and opening-up,the chinese government,on the basis of adhering to the constitutional principle of equality between men and women,has proposed and resolutely implemented the basic state policy of equality between men and women,and constantly explored and implemented ways and measures to promote gender equality and the women’s all-round development.in enacting laws,formulating policies,drawing up plans and deploying work,the chinese government has taken into account the practical differences between the genders and the special interests of women,promoted women’s equal exercising of their democratic rights,equal participation in economic and social development and equal enjoyment of the fruits of reform and development,and provided stronger systematic and institutional guarantees for women’s development.

人工智能与教育变革

生成式人工智能快速迭代引发关注,教育领域似乎是受其影响最为直接和深远的领域之一。对于人工智能的影响,当前存在高估短期效果、低估长远效果的倾向。研究从唯物史观视角,分阶段概括梳理人工智能发展情况,客观分析其发展水平和技术限度,判断其与人类智慧仍有本质差别,特别是在高阶认知和社会情感方面。研究基于理性质疑的态度,发现教育与人工智能技术原理在结构对比、逻辑对比、符号编码、内容分析、交互机理和培养模式六个主要方面存在同构性逻辑,并对二者之间的内在关联和作用机制提供了清晰的认知和判断。研究建议从学生高阶思维培养、新型师生关系构建和教学模式创新三个直接且关键的问题切入,以人工智能撬动教育变革。

双线改革联动:数字技术与政府组织何以适配——以广东省Y区数字政府建设为例

在地方政府数字化转型过程中,数字技术与政府组织的适配是以二者获得“刚柔兼备”的可互构性为前提的。作为地方政府改革过程中具有重要能动性的机制,党的引领统合机制与印象政绩激励机制,分别具有调节政府组织刚性、提升数字技术弹性的功能。借助双线改革联动的关键契机,这两种功能互补的组织能动性机制在数字技术与政府组织的交互过程中共同作用,促成适配。地方数字政府建设的纵深推进,是对地方政府自身变革能力的一种考验,需要改革者充分考虑政府各项改革之间的关联性、耦合性,有意识地形成改革合力,促成数字政府建设与政府自身改革的同频共振、联动互补。

基层政府职责体系建设:逻辑转向、现实障碍与优化路径

优化政府职责体系对于构建职责明确、依法行政的政府治理体系具有重要意义。职责同构是我国政府间关系的鲜明特点,也是政府职责体系建设的研究基点。基层政府职责体系建设具有基础性地位。随着政府治理现代化的稳步推进,基层政府职责体系建设应转变传统的逻辑定位,明确职责同构的现实合理性与制度优势,秉持“有而向优”而非“打破”的逻辑定位。在“优化”逻辑的基础上,检视基层政府职责体系建设中存在的“碎片化”障碍并尝试从条块关系、职责配置、权责分配、制度化分权等方面探寻诱因,通过规范基层政府权责清单、建立党建引领职责协调小组工作机制、激发相关行动者的建设动力等,推动优化基层政府职责体系。

基层政府“编外扩张”何以治理:一个政府职责的视角——基于江苏省C镇的个案分析

基层政府编外人员的扩张会引发基层治理中的各类问题。基层政府“编外扩张”的形式主要呈现为社会化用工规制下的“转移性”扩张、编外人员流动下的“储备性”扩张和治理权限不足下的“自主性”扩张。在政府职责的视角下,基层政府“编外扩张”的发生逻辑可被概括为职责过载、职责脱节和职责外溢。基于基层政府“编外扩张”的发生逻辑,应建构“厘定职责—依职定岗—循责定额—双规并行”的治理路径,并通过建立清晰规范的政府职责清单、划定编外人员的岗位范畴、动态化的编外人员额度核定、构建职责明确的编内编外规范化的双线管理模式等具体方式实现对“编外扩张”的治理。

自然资源资产离任审计、环保回应与企业高质量发展

以2014—2022年沪深A股上市公司为样本,将资源型和重污染型企业作为实验组,其他类型企业作为对照组,采用双重机器学习模型考察自然资源资产离任审计常态化对企业高质量发展的影响。研究发现,自然资源资产离任审计能够促进资源型和重污染型企业高质量发展;机制检验结果表明,自然资源资产离任审计常态化能够增强政府环境监管力度和提高企业绿色治理绩效,通过这两类环保回应行为可以促进企业高质量发展;异质性分析发现,自然资源资产离任审计对企业高质量发展的促进作用在融资约束程度较大和受政府干预较强的企业中更为明显,且绿色投资者能够强化这种作用。

差序同构:中国政府纵向职责体系的结构形态

科学完善的纵向政府职责体系是构建系统完备、科学规范、运行高效的党和国家机构职能体系的重要支撑。中国政府纵向职责体系从外观上看是“上下一般粗”的形态。事实上,经过历次职能转变、职责优化和政府机构改革,纵向政府职责体系开始呈现“差序同构”特征。渐次形成的职责体系圈层网络,中央政府位于圈层中心位置,其职责要求作为原则性规则为地方政府所遵循,即“同构性”;不同于政府职责范围自上而下逐渐递减,地方政府履事责任的清晰度与行政链条长短呈正比,即“差序性”。纵向政府职责差序同构形态有利于确保党和国家大政方针上下贯通、实现有限资源有效整合、满足人民群众利益诉求。

德、法、日三国政府纵向职责配置比较研究——兼论中国政府职责体系的优化

纵向间政府关系调整和职责配置是转变政府职能的关键问题。对于一国政府,其政府职责体系构成和改革优化路径都有着深刻的历史制度根源,进而形成改革的整体性特征。本文将德国、法国、日本三个典型国家置于政府职责体系优化过程的分析框架,基于对其改革历史动因和职责体系构成的把握,从以法律工具为主的多元改革手段、以职能实现为目标的整体性改革、以效率提升为导向的程序性保障三个维度对其政府职责体系改革与优化过程展开分析,从而形成对中国更具一般意义的经验镜鉴。总体来看,制度建设与体制机制创新并重是各国政府职责体系改革与优化的主要趋势。未来中国改革也应在把握二者关系的基础上同步发力,以实现改革效率的最大化。

The Government Regulation of Economy Transformations in Terms of the Multinational Entrepreneurship Development and Technological Progress

In this paper, the mechanisms and principles of economic regulation from the classical and modem approaches standpoints were analyzed, the typical for world economic theory trends of the government＇s economic role elaboration, of the government regulatory authority, reducing in favor of market self-organization was argued. The transnationalization as a factor of government regulation mechanisms modernization was estimated and the perspectives of government and MNC interactions development in the modem world were evaluated. The recommendations for improving the government economical regulation infrastructure and mechanisms due to the conditions of economy globalizing, transnational business developing, technologies progressing were presented

The Endowment Culture Construction under the Perspective of Government

As the aging population increasingly accelerates, the construction of the endowment culture has been putting on the agenda. In fact, the endowment culture plays an irreplaceable part in the social old-age care system. In the period of social transition, the excellent traditional old-age pension culture is destroyed, which makes the cultivation of the old-age social fashion imminent. The atmosphere of respecting the old and establishing a harmonious generation relationship is an important cultural guarantee to establish ＂five old＂ and build a harmonious society, in which our country or government bears inescapable responsibilities.

“功能-职责”视角下政府机构的改革过程与发展目标

政府机构改革既是现代政府治理的重要内容,也是政府创新的现实体现。政府机构改革是政府功能优化与职责重构双重作用的结果。功能优化是政府机构改革的内在动因,职责重构是政府机构改革的外在动因。我国政府机构改革是一个前后衔接、逐层递进、相互联系的改革进程,各次改革之间并非完全独立。根据“功能-职责”的发生动因,历次政府机构改革的演进逻辑可以大致从三个阶段来展现:功能优化导向的行政性改革、职责重构导向的适应性改革、“功能-职责”共进导向的治理性改革。基于“功能-职责”的双重动因,梳理历次政府机构改革的实践经验,可以将政府机构改革的发展目标归纳为:一是立足现实国情并总结政府机构改革的经验,更好推动政府创新;二是坚持行政权力的有限集中与适度下放,优化政策过程;三是根据时代发展逐层推进政府机构改革,以整体性视角推动政府机构改革的发展;四是机构改革具有稳定的周期性规律,但也不能局限于固定的周期之中;五是补足政府治理的现实短板,通过机构改革推动政府治理综合发展。

非政府组织对南极环境决策的影响路径与中国因应

环境治理既是南极国际治理的核心议题,又是各国锚定参与南极事务的关键目标之一。纵观南极环境决策机制,既有南极条约协商会议(ATCM)、南极环境保护委员会(CEP)以及南极海洋生物资源养护委员会(CCAMLR)等南极条约体系制定机构的引领,又有南极旅游组织者协会(IAATO)等活跃在南极的非政府组织的积极参与。非政府组织以其非政府性、非营利性和国际性的优势在制定行业规范、供给科学知识、参与议题设置、强化舆论引导等方面发挥了独有作用,进一步促进了南极环境决策机制的透明化和民主化。作为南极条约协商国,我国在参与南极环境治理时应辩证看待非政府组织所发挥的作用,既要关注其在南极造法进程中的重要贡献,又要警惕非政府组织“政府化”和“唯资本化”倾向对我国造成的扰动。此外,我国要以南极研究科学委员会(SCAR)为纽带加强同非政府组织在科学层面的合作,同时鼓励并引导国内社会组织参与南极事务,不断提升在南极治理中的话语权和国际地位。

中国海上执法职责体系:历史变迁、实践模式与建设方向

海上执法职责体系是政府职责体系的组成部分之一,其建设情况将直接关乎海上执法效能的高低。新中国成立以来,我国海上执法职责体系由初期的大体同构逐步演变为当下的高度异构。这种高度异构不仅体现于纵向的央地维度,也同样存在于横向的地区维度,并在2018年的政府机构改革中衍生出集中模式、半集中模式、分散模式三种类型。展望未来,我国海上执法职责体系应以“异同并举”作为发展方向,即在维持中央与地方职责异构的同时,考虑在沿海地区之间“适度回归”职责同构。