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国内外大型水电工程生态环境监测与保护 被引量:34
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作者 黄真理 《长江流域资源与环境》 CAS CSSCI CSCD 北大核心 2004年第2期101-108,共8页
简要介绍了世界银行对水电工程的环境政策,概述了埃及阿斯旺、巴西伊泰普、中国的二滩和三峡等四个世界著名水电站的长期环境监测计划和减少负面影响的对策。水电工程对周边环境会产生正面或负面影响,对大型水坝的负面影响作了集中的阐... 简要介绍了世界银行对水电工程的环境政策,概述了埃及阿斯旺、巴西伊泰普、中国的二滩和三峡等四个世界著名水电站的长期环境监测计划和减少负面影响的对策。水电工程对周边环境会产生正面或负面影响,对大型水坝的负面影响作了集中的阐述。埃及的阿斯旺高坝建于20世纪60年代,当时人们对生态环境影响问题还没有引起重视。长期的生态环境监测结果表明,一些环境影响比如河床侵蚀等实际上被过分夸大,而另外一些,如对传统的制砖业带来的影响又被忽视;巴西的伊泰普水坝在兴建过程中注意了采取措施减少负面影响,如在库周地区植树造林,兴建生物屏障,建立自然保护区,实施动物救护等;中国的二滩水电站由世界银行贷款兴建,并执行了世界银行的环境政策来降低负面影响;这些大型水电工程兴建中的经验给在建的三峡工程提供了有益的借鉴,一系列的环境保护措施正在实施,世界上最大的生态环境监测网络已在三峡库区及相关地区建成。 展开更多
关键词 水利工程 环境监测 阿斯旺工程 依泰普工程 二滩工程 三峡工程
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伊泰普工程设计和施工中的风险分析与管理
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作者 G.S.萨卡里亚 《中国三峡建设》 2000年第5期44-49,共6页
Itaipu Hydroelectric Project, jointly owned and operated by Brazil and Paraguay, was conceived during 1970-74, when extensive feasibility studies of the binational reach of Rio Parana were performed. This report cites... Itaipu Hydroelectric Project, jointly owned and operated by Brazil and Paraguay, was conceived during 1970-74, when extensive feasibility studies of the binational reach of Rio Parana were performed. This report cites several examples of practical and effective methods of risk analysis and management that were employed in making critical designs during the planning, design and construction of this megaproject. The ultimate success, including safety, long-term operational reliability and the earliest completion and generation of electric energy, in large measure is attributed to the objective risk analyses that supported timely, often costly, major decisions that were made by the management of Itaipu Binational (ITAIPU). 展开更多
关键词 itaipu hydroelectric project RISK ANALYSIS and MANAGEMENT DESIGN CONSTRUCTION
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