Background:Since the overuse of antibiotics in animal production has led to a selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens that affect humans and animals as well.Scientists are therefore searching for novel natural alt...Background:Since the overuse of antibiotics in animal production has led to a selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens that affect humans and animals as well.Scientists are therefore searching for novel natural alternatives to antibiotics.In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and a combination of reuterin and microcin J25(RJ)were evaluated as promoters of growth and modulators of the cecal microbiota and metabolite profiles in broiler chickens.Oneday-old Cobb 500 male broilers were distributed to 8 treatments:negative control(without antibiotic),positive control(bacitracin),three concentrations of RJ and three doses of L.reuteri plus glycerol.The birds(2176,34 per pen,8 pens per treatment)were reared for 35 d.Results:The body weight of the bacitracin and 5 mmol/L reuterin combined with 0.08μmol/L microcin J25(10RJ)treatment group was significantly higher than that of the negative control group(P<0.05).L.reuteri had no significant effect on broiler growth.MiSeq high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA showed clustering of cecal microbial operational taxonomic unit diversity according to treatment.The influence of bacitracin and 10RJ on bacterial community overall structure was similar.They promoted Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes,while the negative control condition favored Bacteroidaceae and Rikenellaceae.Furthermore,10RJ increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acid in the cecum and changed the metabolome overall.Conclusions:These overall suggest that 10RJ can promote a host-friendly gut environment by changing the cecal microbiome and metabolome.This combination of natural antimicrobial agents in the drinking water had a positive effect on broiler growth and may be suitable as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.展开更多
The overuse and misuse of traditional antimicrobial drugs have led to their weakened effectiveness and the emergence of pathogenic bacterial resistance.Consequently,there has been growing interest in alternative op-ti...The overuse and misuse of traditional antimicrobial drugs have led to their weakened effectiveness and the emergence of pathogenic bacterial resistance.Consequently,there has been growing interest in alternative op-tions such as antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)in the pharmaceutical industry.Microcin J25(MccJ25)has gained significant attention for its potent inhibitory effect on a diverse range of pathogens.Its unique rotaxane structure provides exceptional stability against extreme thermal,pH,and protease degradation,including chymotrypsin,trypsin,and pepsin.Given its remarkable stability and diverse bioactivity,we aim to provide an overview of the physicochemical properties,the mechanism underlying its antimicrobial activity,and the critical functional residues of MccJ25.Additionally,we have summarized the latest strategies for the heterologous expression of MccJ25,and its potential medical use and other applications.展开更多
A criterion for algebraic convergence of the entropy is presented and an algebraic convergence result for the entropy of an exclusion process is improved. A weak entropy inequality is considered and its relationship t...A criterion for algebraic convergence of the entropy is presented and an algebraic convergence result for the entropy of an exclusion process is improved. A weak entropy inequality is considered and its relationship to entropic convergence is discussed.展开更多
This paper is devoted to the large deviation principles of the Glauber-type dynamics of finite or infinite volume continuous particle systems. We prove that the level-2 empirical process satisfies the large deviation ...This paper is devoted to the large deviation principles of the Glauber-type dynamics of finite or infinite volume continuous particle systems. We prove that the level-2 empirical process satisfies the large deviation principles in the weak convergence topology, while it does not satisfy the large deviation principles in the τ-topology.展开更多
The unique continuation theorems for the anisotropic partial differential-operator equations with variable coefficients in Banach-valued L p -spaces are studied. To obtain the uniform maximal regularity and the Carlem...The unique continuation theorems for the anisotropic partial differential-operator equations with variable coefficients in Banach-valued L p -spaces are studied. To obtain the uniform maximal regularity and the Carleman type estimates for parameter depended differential-operator equations, the sufficient conditions are founded. By using these facts, the unique continuation properties are established. In the application part, the unique continuation properties and Carleman estimates for finite or infinite systems of quasielliptic partial differential equations are studied.展开更多
基金the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Canada industrial research chair METABIOLAC (grant number IRCPJ 499946–15)from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (project PSS#1781, J-002308)
文摘Background:Since the overuse of antibiotics in animal production has led to a selection of antibiotic-resistant pathogens that affect humans and animals as well.Scientists are therefore searching for novel natural alternatives to antibiotics.In this study Lactobacillus reuteri and a combination of reuterin and microcin J25(RJ)were evaluated as promoters of growth and modulators of the cecal microbiota and metabolite profiles in broiler chickens.Oneday-old Cobb 500 male broilers were distributed to 8 treatments:negative control(without antibiotic),positive control(bacitracin),three concentrations of RJ and three doses of L.reuteri plus glycerol.The birds(2176,34 per pen,8 pens per treatment)were reared for 35 d.Results:The body weight of the bacitracin and 5 mmol/L reuterin combined with 0.08μmol/L microcin J25(10RJ)treatment group was significantly higher than that of the negative control group(P<0.05).L.reuteri had no significant effect on broiler growth.MiSeq high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA showed clustering of cecal microbial operational taxonomic unit diversity according to treatment.The influence of bacitracin and 10RJ on bacterial community overall structure was similar.They promoted Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae and Lactobacillaceae,increased the relative abundance of Faecalibacterium and decreased the abundance of Bacteroides and Alistipes,while the negative control condition favored Bacteroidaceae and Rikenellaceae.Furthermore,10RJ increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acid in the cecum and changed the metabolome overall.Conclusions:These overall suggest that 10RJ can promote a host-friendly gut environment by changing the cecal microbiome and metabolome.This combination of natural antimicrobial agents in the drinking water had a positive effect on broiler growth and may be suitable as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters.
基金supported by grants from National Key R&D Pro-gram of China(2019YFA0905200)Natural Science Foundation Youth Project of Jiangsu Province(BK20220335)the Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Bio-Manufacture(NO.XTC2206).
文摘The overuse and misuse of traditional antimicrobial drugs have led to their weakened effectiveness and the emergence of pathogenic bacterial resistance.Consequently,there has been growing interest in alternative op-tions such as antimicrobial peptides(AMPs)in the pharmaceutical industry.Microcin J25(MccJ25)has gained significant attention for its potent inhibitory effect on a diverse range of pathogens.Its unique rotaxane structure provides exceptional stability against extreme thermal,pH,and protease degradation,including chymotrypsin,trypsin,and pepsin.Given its remarkable stability and diverse bioactivity,we aim to provide an overview of the physicochemical properties,the mechanism underlying its antimicrobial activity,and the critical functional residues of MccJ25.Additionally,we have summarized the latest strategies for the heterologous expression of MccJ25,and its potential medical use and other applications.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10571139)
文摘A criterion for algebraic convergence of the entropy is presented and an algebraic convergence result for the entropy of an exclusion process is improved. A weak entropy inequality is considered and its relationship to entropic convergence is discussed.
文摘This paper is devoted to the large deviation principles of the Glauber-type dynamics of finite or infinite volume continuous particle systems. We prove that the level-2 empirical process satisfies the large deviation principles in the weak convergence topology, while it does not satisfy the large deviation principles in the τ-topology.
文摘The unique continuation theorems for the anisotropic partial differential-operator equations with variable coefficients in Banach-valued L p -spaces are studied. To obtain the uniform maximal regularity and the Carleman type estimates for parameter depended differential-operator equations, the sufficient conditions are founded. By using these facts, the unique continuation properties are established. In the application part, the unique continuation properties and Carleman estimates for finite or infinite systems of quasielliptic partial differential equations are studied.
