Exploring the mechanism of electroacupuncture at different acupoints on acute colitis rats based on JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway in electroacupuncture of different acupoints on acute colitis rats.Methods:36 SPF SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups,with 6 rats in each group.The rat model of acute colitis was prepared by enema with glacial acetic acid solution.After the model was established,electroacupuncture was given to each acupoint group,with density wave,frequency 2Hz-50 Hz,intensity 2 mA,muscle tremor as the degree 20 min/time,1 time/day,for 3 consecutive days.Observe the general condition of rats;the pathological changes of colonic mucosa in rats were observed by HE method.The contents of serum interleukin-4(IL-4)and interleukin-8(IL-8)were detected by ELISA.Western blot and RT-PCR were used to detect the expression of JAK2,STAT3,SOCS1 protein and mRNA in rat colon tissue.Results:In contrast to the normal group,the overall condition of the model group was worse,the colonic mucosa was severely damaged,even necrotic,and the ulcer surface was obvious.The content of IL-4 in serum was obviously reduced,and the content of IL-8 was obviously go up(P<0.01).The protein content of JAK2,STAT3 and the expression of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA in colon tissue of rats were obviously go up,while the protein content of SOCS1 and the expression of SOCS1 mRNA were obviously reduced(P<0.01).In contrast to the model group,the general condition of rats in each acupoint group was significantly improved,the damage and necrosis of colonic mucosa and ulcer surface were obviously alleviated,the content of IL-4 in serum was obviously go up,and the content of IL-8 was significantly decreased(P<0.01).The protein content of JAK2,STAT3 and the expression of JAK2,STAT3 mRNA in colon tissue of rats were obviously reduced,while the protein content of SOCS1 and the expression of SOCS1 mRNA were obviously go up(P<0.05,P<0.01).Comparison of different acupoint groups,the colonic mucosal injury in the Zusanli group was significantly reduced,the content of serum IL-4 was significantly increased,and the content of IL-8 was significantly decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).The protein content and mRNA expression of JAK2 and STAT3 in colon tissue were significantly down-regulated,while the protein content and mRNA expression of SOCS1 were significantly go up(P<0.05,P<0.01).Conclusion:Electroacupuncture at each acupoint can improve the damage of colonic mucosa and reduce the inflammatory response.The therapeutic effect of Zusanli(ST36)is better than that of Tianshu(ST25),Dachangshu(BL25)and Shangjuxu(ST37).The mechanism may be related to the regulation of JAK2/STAT3/SOCS1 signaling pathway related proteins and inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-8.

Oleanolic acid inhibits colon cancer cell stemness and reverses chemoresistance by suppressing JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway

Background:Oleanolic acid(OA),a pentacyclic triterpenoid exhibiting specific anti-cancer properties and highly effective antioxidant activity,was isolated from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs.Conversely,the OA that impacts colon cancer(CC)cells and its underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.Methods:The cytotoxic effect of OA alone or OA-5-Fluorouracil(5-FU)combination on normal and CC cells was analyzed by methyl thiazolyl diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide(MTT).Then,the impact of OA on CC cell lines(LoVo and HT-29)proliferation and stemness were measured using colon formation and tumorsphere formation assays.Octamer-binding transcription factor 4(Oct4),Prominin-1(CD133),Nanog,and transcription factor SOX-2(SOX2)are cell stemness-related indicators whose expression was assessed usingfluorescence qPCR assay,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry.The effect of OA on the proliferative potency of CC cells was evaluated using an in vivo model.Results:The stem-like characteristics and clone production of colon cancer cells were markedly reduced by OA alone or in combination with OA-5-FU.Moreover,OA increases the susceptibility of CC cells to 5-FU by blocking the cell stemness-related markers(CD133,Nanog,SOX2,and Oct4)expression levels both in vitro and in vivo,as well as by inactivating the activator of transcription 3(STAT3 signaling)and Janus kinase 2/signal transducer(JAK2).Conclusion:Thesefindings imply that oleanolic acid,both in vitro and in vivo,suppresses the JAK2/STAT3 pathway,which in turn reverses chemoresistance and decreases colon cancer cell stemness.Therefore,by reducing the recommended amount of 5-FU,this strategy may improve chemotherapeutic effectiveness and minimize undesired side effects.

基于JAK2-STAT3信号通路探讨热毒宁注射液治疗大鼠急性肺损伤的作用机制

目的:探讨热毒宁注射液通过调节JAK2-STAT3信号通路干预急性肺损伤(ALI)大鼠作用机制。方法:30只Wistar大鼠随机分为五组,分别为模型对照组、空白对照组、地塞米松组、热毒宁高剂量组和热毒宁低剂量组。每组大鼠均进行腹腔注射给药,每日1次,连续5 d,末次给药后,采用脂多糖滴注咽后壁气管建立ALI大鼠模型。造模24 h后,比较各组大鼠动脉氧分压,HE染色法观察肺组织的病理学改变,ELISA法检测大鼠肺组织肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)和白细胞介素-6(IL-6)的表达水平,Western blot测定各组大鼠肺组织JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达水平。结果:与空白对照组比较,模型对照组大鼠PaO 2水平明显下降,病理评分升高,PaCO 2、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达升高(均P<0.05)。与模型对照组比较,地塞米松组和热毒宁高剂量组大鼠PaO 2水平升高,病理评分下降,PaCO 2、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平、JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3蛋白表达降低(均P<0.05)。结论:热毒宁注射液对ALI大鼠有保护作用,其机制可能与调节JAK2-STAT3信号通路的活化、降低炎症反应有关。

Hypoglycemic mechanism of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharides on type 2 diabetic mice by altering gut microbiota and regulating the PI3K-akt signaling pathwaye

Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)is a complex metabolic disease threatening human health.We investigated the effects of Tegillarca granosa polysaccharide(TGP)and determined its potential mechanisms in a mouse model of T2DM established through a high-fat diet and streptozotocin.TGP(5.1×10^(3) Da)was composed of mannose,glucosamine,rhamnose,glucuronic acid,galactosamine,glucose,galactose,xylose,and fucose.It could significantly alleviate weight loss,reduce fasting blood glucose levels,reverse dyslipidemia,reduce liver damage from oxidative stress,and improve insulin sensitivity.RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that TGP could activate the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase/protein kinase B signaling pathway to regulate disorders in glucolipid metabolism and improve insulin resistance.TGP increased the abundance of Allobaculum,Akkermansia,and Bifidobacterium,restored the microbiota abundance in the intestinal tracts of mice with T2DM,and promoted short-chain fatty acid production.This study provides new insights into the antidiabetic effects of TGP and highlights its potential as a natural hypoglycemic nutraceutical.

Galectin 2 regulates JAK/STAT3 signaling activity to modulate oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation and migration in vitro

Background:Galectin 2(LGALS2)is a protein previously reported to serve as a mediator of disease progression in a range of cancers.The function of LGALS2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC),however,has yet to be explored,prompting the present study to address this literature gap.Methods:Overall,144 paired malignant tumor tissues and paracancerous OSCC patient samples were harvested and the LGALS2 expression levels were examined through qPCR and western immunoblotting.The LGALS2 coding sequence was introduced into the pcDNA3.0 vector,to enable the overexpression of this gene,while an LGALS2-specific shRNA and corresponding controls were also obtained.The functionality of LGALS2 as a regulator of the ability of OSCC cells to grow and undergo apoptotic death in vitro was assessed through EdU uptake and CCK-8 assays,and flow cytometer,whereas a Transwell system was used to assess migratory activity and invasivity.An agonist of the Janus Kinase 2(JAK2)/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3(STAT3)pathway was also used to assess the role of this pathway in the context of LGALS2 signaling.Results:Here,we found that lower LGALS2 protein and mRNA expression were evident in OSCC tumor tissue samples,and these expression levels were associated with clinicopathological characteristics and patient survival outcomes.Silencing LGALS2 enhanced proliferation in OSCC cells while rendering these cells better able to resist apoptosis.The opposite was instead observed after LGALS2 was overexpressed.Mechanistically,the ability of LGALS2 to suppress the progression of OSCC was related to its ability to activate the JAK/STAT3 signaling axis.Conclusion:Those results suggest a role for LGALS2 as a suppressor of OSCC progression through its ability to modulate JAK/STAT3 signaling,supporting the potential utility of LGALS2 as a target for efforts aimed at treating OSCC patients.

Mechanism of Yanghe Pingchaun granules on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats based on IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signaling axis

Objective: To investigate the effects of Yanghe Pingchuan Granules on airway remodeling in asthmatic rats, and to explore the mechanism of Interleukin-6/Janus kinase 2/ Signal transducing activator of transcription 3(IL-6/JAK2/STAT3) signal axis. Methods: We separated 42 healthy male SD rats into two groups, a control group (7) and a model group (35).The model group was sensitized with a combination of ovalbumin (OVA) and aluminum hydroxide for 2 weeks, while the control group was given an equal amount of physiological saline.After 2 weeks, the modeling group was randomly divided into Model group, Yanghe Pingchuan Granules high, medium and low dose groups and Dexamethasone group, each group consisted of 7 animals. After 4 weeks, OVA atomization and gavage were used for stimulation and treatment. Yanghe Pingchuan Granules high, middle and low groups were given 15.48, 7.74, 3.87 g∙kg-1 Yanghe Pingchuan Granules daily, dexamethasone group was given 0.0625 mg∙kg-1 dexamethasone daily, and the other groups were given the same amount of normal saline. HE, PAS and Masson staining were used to observe the lung histopathological changes in rats. The levels of interleukin-6, IL-23 and IL-17A were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 in lung tissues were detected by Western blot. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in rat lung tissue. Results: The lung tissue structure of the model group was severely damaged compared to the control group, accompanied by a great many of inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell hyperplasia, subepithelial collagen fiber deposition and airway epithelial thickening were more obvious. The expressions of IL-6, IL- 23 and IL-17A in serum were significantly increased (P<0.01), the protein expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 and the mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in lung tissue were significantly increased (P<0.01);Compared with the model group, inflammatory cell infiltration, goblet cell proliferation, subepithelial collagen fiber deposition and airway epithelial thickening were significantly reduced in each administration group, and the expressions of IL-6, IL-23 and IL-17A in serum were significantly decreased (P< 0.01). The protein expression levels of JAK-2, P-JAK2, STAT3 and P-STAT3 and mRNA expression levels of IL-6, JAK2 and STAT3 in lung tissue were significantly decreased (P<0.01). Conclusion: Yanghe Pingchuan Granules can significantly alleviate airway remodeling in asthmatic rats, and its mechanism may be through inhibiting the IL-6/JAK2/STAT3 signal axis.

阿曼托双黄酮通过JAK2-STAT3通路影响甲状腺癌SW579细胞的增殖和凋亡

目的:探讨阿曼托双黄酮(AF)对甲状腺癌SW579细胞中JAK2-STAT3通路活化及其细胞增殖和凋亡的影响。方法:用0、50、100、150、200μmol/L的AF处理SW579细胞24、48、72 h,采用CCK-8和Celigo计数、FCM、WB及qPCR法检测AF对SW579细胞的增殖、凋亡、JAK2-STAT3通路活化及其下游调控基因c-Myc、Bcl2、survivin的mRNA及蛋白表达水平的影响。结果:AF处理后,SW579细胞增殖能力显著下降(P<0.05)且呈浓度依赖性,细胞凋亡呈浓度依赖性增多(P<0.05),细胞中JAK2-STAT3通路的活化受到显著抑制(P<0.05),其下游基因c-Myc、Bcl2、survivin的mRNA及蛋白表达均明显下降(均P<0.05)。结论:AF可通过抑制SW579细胞中JAK2-STAT3通路活化及其下游基因的表达而抑制SW579细胞的增殖并促进其凋亡,有望成为治疗甲状腺癌的有效药物。

Effects of plumbagin on migration and invasion of human hepatoma cell line via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway

Objective:To study the effect of plumbagin(PL)on the migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells and its possible mechanism.Methods:The cell counting kit(CCK-8)was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of plumbagin on the proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh-7 and LM3 cells.The effect of plumbagin on the migration ability of Huh-7 and LM3 cells was detected by scratch test and Transwell migration test,and the effect of on the invasion ability of Huh-7 and LM3 cells was detected by Transwell invasion test.Western Blot was used to detect the expression of E-cadherin,N-cadherin,matrix metalloproteinase-2 and related proteins in JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway in Huh-7 and LM3 cells.Results:Plumbagin could inhibit the proliferation of Huh-7 and LM3 cells in a time-and concentration-dependent manner.Plumbagin inhibited the migration and invasion of Huh-7 and LM3 cells in a concentration dependent manner,and it can down-regulate the expression of N-cadherin and MMP-2 protein,up-regulate the expression of E-cadherin protein,and inhibit the activation of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.Conclusion:Plumbagin can inhibit the migration and invasion of human hepatocellular carcinoma Huh-7 and LM3 cells,and the molecular mechanism of this process may be related to the inhibition of JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway activation.

苏木酮A通过抑制JAK2-STAT3信号通路发挥抗炎作用

目的基于JAK2-STAT3信号通路探究苏木酮A(SA)在脂多糖(LPS)诱导的RAW264.7细胞模型中的抗炎作用和机制。方法MTT法检测苏木酮A、LPS、AG490对RAW264.7细胞活力的影响;建立LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞炎性模型,通过ELISA法检测上清液中白细胞介素6(IL-6)的分泌水平;采用RT-PCR技术检测IL-6、酪氨酸激酶2(JAK2)和信号转导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)的mRNA表达;采用Western Blot法检测JAK2、磷酸化JAK2(p-JAK2)、STAT3及磷酸化STAT3(p-STAT3)的蛋白表达。结果与空白对照组比较,模型组的IL-6分泌水平明显增加,IL-6、JAK2和STAT3的m RNA表达上调,p-JAK2和p-STAT3蛋白表达水平升高(均P<0.01);与模型组比较,苏木酮A高剂量(5μg·mL-1)组明显降低了IL-6的含量,下调了IL-6、JAK2和STAT3的mRNA表达,抑制了p-JAK2和p-STAT3蛋白表达(均P<0.01)。结论苏木酮A可能通过抑制JAK2-STAT3信号通路以抑制促炎因子IL-6的分泌,从而发挥抗炎作用。

生物钟基因Per1对鼻咽癌细胞CNE2侵袭迁移及与JAK2-STAT3通路相关蛋白表达的影响

目的:探讨生物钟基因Per1对鼻咽癌细胞CNE2侵袭转移及上皮-间质转化(EMT)的影响,并阐述其与JAK2-STAT3信号通路相关蛋白的关系。方法:实时荧光定量PCR法(qPCR)以及蛋白质印迹法(WB)检测CNE2细胞中Per1基因及蛋白水平;构建Per1基因过表达及干扰慢病毒载体并转染CNE2细胞;实验分为过表达组(Per1-OE)、过表达对照组(Per1-OENC)、干扰组(Per1-sh)、干扰对照组(Per1-shNC);利用划痕愈合、Transwell实验检测Per1基因对各组细胞侵袭、迁移能力;WB检测Per1基因对EMT相关蛋白:E-cadherin、N-cadherin、Vimentin表达的影响;WB检测Per1基因对JAK2-STAT3信号通路相关蛋白表达的影响。结果:WB和PCR结果显示:与人永生化鼻咽上皮细胞NP69相比,Per1在鼻咽癌细胞CNE2中表达降低。通过构建Per1基因过表达及干扰慢病毒载体,有效地上调和下调了CNE2中Per1在转录及蛋白水平的表达,并分别成功筛选出稳转细胞株。划痕实验结果显示:Per1-OE组较Per1-OENC组24 h、48 h细胞迁移率均明显下降(P=0.04,P=0.01),Per1-sh组较Per1-shNC组24 h、48 h细胞迁移率均明显升高(P=0.01,P=0.005)。Transwell实验结果显示:Per1-sh组较Per1-shNC组穿过Transwell小室细胞数明显增加(P=0.02),Per1-OE组较Per1-OENC组穿过Transwell小室细胞数明显减少(P=0.001)。WB结果显示:JAK2、p-JAK2、STAT3蛋白在各组细胞中表达无统计学差异(P>0.05)。Per1-sh组较Per1-shNC组p-STAT3、N-cadherin、Vimentin的蛋白表达下降,E-cadherin表达升高(P<0.05),Per1-OE组较Per1-OENC组p-STAT3、N-cadherin、Vimentin的蛋白表达均升高,E-cadherin表达下降(P<0.05)。结论:过表达Per1基因后可抑制鼻咽癌细胞CNE2侵袭、迁移,使N-cadherin、Vimentin、p-STAT3蛋白表达下降,E-cadherin表达增加;干扰Per1基因后则相反,进而表明Per1基因在鼻咽癌细胞CNE2中可能扮演着抑癌基因的角色;同时我们推测Per1基因与p-STAT3的表达有一定的相关性,但其具体作用机制有待进一步研究。

Morroniside ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory damage in iris pigment epithelial cells through inhibition of TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 pathway

AIM:To investigate the effect of morroniside(Mor)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-treated iris pigment epithelial cells(IPE).METHODS:IPE cells were induced by LPS and treated with Mor.Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit(CCK)-8,apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-8 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)kits,and the protein expression of TLR4,JAK2,p-JAK2,STAT3,and p-STAT3 was analyzed by Western blotting.In addition,overexpression of TLR4 and Mor treatment of LPS-stimulated IPE cells were also tested for the above indices.RESULTS:Mor effectively promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of LPS-treated IPE cells.In addition,Mor significantly reduced the levels of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-8 and significantly inhibited the expression of TLR4,p-JAK2,and p-STAT3 in LPS-treated IPE cells.The effect of Mor on LPS-treated IPE cells was markedly attenuated after overexpression of TLR4.CONCLUSION:These findings suggest that Mor may ameliorate LPS-induced inflammatory damage and apoptosis in IPE through inhibition of TLR4/JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

基于JAK2-STAT3信号通路探讨祛脂愈肝对NASH模型大鼠IL-17、IL-2的影响

目的基于JAK2-STAT3信号通路研究祛脂愈肝汤对非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)大鼠白细胞介素(IL-17、IL-2)的影响。方法通过高脂饮食诱导复制NASH模型大鼠,随机均分为模型组、多烯组、祛脂愈肝汤低、中、高剂量组;另设空白组。经药物干预后、处死并观察肝组织病理变化;检测各组大鼠血清肝功能、血脂;ELISA法检测各组大鼠血清IL-17、IL-2水平;qRT-PCR法检测各组大鼠肝组织中JAK2、STAT3 mRNA表达。结果与空白组相比,模型组大鼠肝组织脂肪变性、炎性细胞浸润征象显著;各药物干预组均有不同程度的改善,其中祛脂愈肝汤高剂量组、多烯组改善最为显著;肝功能、血脂结果显示模型组大鼠血清谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)水平与空白组相比显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),各药物干预组均有不同程度降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);ELISA法检测模型组大鼠血清IL-17与空白组相比显著升高、IL-2显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),各药物干预组血清IL-17显著降低、IL-2显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);qRT-PCR法检测模型组大鼠肝组织JAK2、STAT3 mRNA表达与空白组相比显著升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),各药物干预组肝组织JAK2、STAT3 mRNA表达显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);综合上述结果,以多烯组、祛脂愈肝汤高剂量组疗效最佳,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论祛脂愈肝汤干预NASH模型大鼠,可通过抑制JAK2及下游STAT3 mRNA的表达,阻断JAK2-STAT3通路的激活,从而调控炎症介质的基因转录达到治疗NASH的作用。

To explore the mechanism of Dahuang Lingxian Formula in relieving inflammatory response of bile duct cells based on IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway

Objective:To explore the mechanism of action of Dahuang Lingxian Formula in alleviating the inflammatory response of bile duct cells in LPS-induced intrahepatic bile duct inflammation model rats based on IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway.Methods:Fifty SD rats were randomly divided into five groups,blank group,model group,choling tablets(0.5 g/kg),and low and high concentration groups(2.4 g/kg and 4.8 g/kg)of Dahuang Lingxian Formula,ten rats in each group.Except for the blank group,the rats in each group were injected with 1.25 mg/kg LPS at the common bile duct at one time to construct an animal model of intrahepatic bile duct infection.After gavage on day 8,liver tissues were taken from rats at the hepatic hilum,and the histopathological changes of the hepatic hilum and biliary tree were observed by HE staining.The expression levels of serum glutamic alanine transaminase(ALT),glutamic oxalacetic transaminase(AST),malondialdehyde(MDA)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)were measured by biochemical method.The expression levels of interleukin 6(IL-6),Janus protein tyrosine kinase 2(JAK2),signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3)in rat serum were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Protein immunoblotting(WB)and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)were used to detect the expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 protein and mRNA in biliary tree tissues.Results:①Compared with the blank group,the structures such as interlobular bile ducts in the hepatic sinusoids and portal duct area of the model rats were destroyed,and inflammatory cells infiltrated around them.The expression of ALT,AST,MDA,IL-6,JAK2 and STAT3 in the serum increased significantly,the expression level of SOD decreased,and the expression levels of IL-6,JAK2 and STAT3 proteins and mRNA increased.②Compared with the model group,the degree of liver pathological damage in rats in the Chiling Ning tablet group and the low and high concentration groups of Dahuang Lingxian Formula were improved,which could significantly reduce the expression levels of ALT,AST,MDA,IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and up-regulate SOD in serum,and down-regulate the expression of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 protein and mRNA,with the best effect in the high concentration group of Dahuang Lingxian Formula.③Compared with the choling tablet group,the rats in the low and high concentration groups of Dahuang Lingxian Formula tended to normalize the degree of liver pathological damage,without obvious inflammatory cell infiltration,and the expression levels of ALT,AST,MDA,IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 and the expression levels of IL-6,JAK2,STAT3 protein and mRNA in serum were reduced,and the expression levels of SOD were increased,with the best effect of Dahuang Lingxian Formula The treatment effect was best in the high concentration group.Conclusion:The mechanism may be related to the down-regulation of IL-6/JAK/STAT3 signaling pathway activation,and the best therapeutic effect was achieved by the high concentration group of Dahuang Lingxian Formula.

Th1/Th2免疫平衡偏移介导JAK2-STAT3信号通路参与感染性早产发生机制研究

目的:探讨Th1/Th2免疫平衡偏移情况及JAK2-STAT3信号通路参与感染性早产发生机制。方法:选取就诊于大理大学第一附属医院的60例早产患者为研究对象(早产组),根据产后胎膜组织病理检查结果分为感染性早产组和非感染性早产组,选取同期正常足月分娩的产妇20例为正常对照(正常对照组)。采用酶联免疫吸附测定试剂盒检测各产妇外周血清中干扰素-γ(IFN-γ)、白细胞介素-4(IL-4)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)的表达水平,并计算Th1/Th2免疫调节平衡指数;采用免疫组织化学染色法检测胎膜组织中信号转导及转录激活因子3(STAT3)、核因子κB(NF-κB)蛋白的表达情况。结果:IFN-γ、TNF-α表达水平在早产组中显著升高(P<0.05),尤其是在感染性早产组中升高更明显,Th1/Th2免疫平衡具有明显向Th1方向偏移趋势;IL-6表达水平、STAT3及NF-κB蛋白表达水平在感染性早产组中显著升高(P<0.05),非感染性早产组与正常对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:Th1/Th2免疫平衡可通过TNF-α、NF-κB、IL-6、JAK2-STAT3信号通路参与感染性早产的发生。

Effects of Cigu Xiaozhi Formula on miR-378a-3p Expression and Hh Signaling Pathway in TGF-β1 Induced LX2 Cells

[Objectives]To observe the effects of Cigu Xiaozhi Formula on miR-378a-3p expression and Hh signaling pathway in TGF-β1 induced and activated LX2 cells.[Methods]Cells were divided into control group,induction group,drug-containing serum group,miR-378a-3p inhibitor group,and miR inhibitor NC group.CCK-8 method was used to detect the cell viability of each group,and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptosis rate of each group.RT-qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-378a-3p in each group s cells,and RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of Shh,Gli1,Gli2,Col-I,andα-SMA in each group s cells.[Results]Compared with the control group,the cell viability and expression of Shh,Gli1,Gli2,Col-I,andα-SMA mRNA and protein in induction group increased(P<0.01),while the expression of miR-378a-3p decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the induction group,the cell viability and expression of Shh,Gli1,Gli2,Col-I,α-SMA mRNA andα-SMA and Gli2 protein decreased in drug-containing serum group(P<0.05),while cell apoptosis rate and miR-378a-3p expression increased(P<0.01).In miR-378a-3p inhibitor group,cell viability and the expression of Shh,Gli1,Gli2,Col-I,α-SMA mRNA and Gli1,Gli2,α-SMA protein increased(P<0.05,P<0.01),while the apoptosis rate and miR-378a-3p expression decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01).[Conclusions]Cigu Xiaozhi Formula containing serum can upregulate miR-378a-3p expression and downregulate the expression of Gli2 andα-SMA in TGF-β1 induced LX2 cells,thereby inhibiting the activation of LX2 cells and exerting the effects of anti liver fibrosis.

Anti-diabetic potential of apigenin,luteolin,and baicalein via partially activating PI3K/Akt/GLUT-4 signaling pathways in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells

Dietary flavonoids are abundant in natural plants and possess multiple pharmacological and nutritional activities.In this study,apigenin,luteolin,and baicalein were chosen to evaluate their anti-diabetic effect in high-glucose and dexamethasone induced insulin-resistant(IR)HepG2 cells.All flavonoids improves the glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis abilities in IR-HepG2 cells via activating glucose transporter protein 4(GLUT4)and phosphor-glycogen synthase kinase(GSK-3β).These fl avonoids signifi cantly inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and advanced glycation end-products(AGEs),which were closely related to the suppression of the phosphorylation form of NF-κB and P65.The expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-1(IRS-1),insulin receptor substrate-2(IRS-2)and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt)pathway in IR-HepG2 cells were all partially activated by the fl avonoids,with variable effects.Furthermore,the intracellular metabolic conditions of the fl avonoids were also evaluated.

补阳还五汤通过调控PI3K/Akt、JAK2/STAT3信号促进BMSC趋化迁移对外伤性脊髓损伤大鼠神经元活性及认知功能的影响

目的研究补阳还五汤通过调控磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶/蛋白激酶B(PI3K/Akt)、内源性酪氨酸激酶(JAK)2/信号传导和转录启动因子(STAT)3信号促进骨髓间充质干细胞(BMSCs)趋化迁移对外伤性脊髓损伤大鼠的神经元活性及认知功能的影响。方法选取健康大鼠53只,随机分为健康组(健康大鼠常规饲养)、损伤组(建立脊髓损伤模型)、干预组(补阳还五汤治疗)、对照组(甲泼尼龙治疗),每组12只,剩余5只大鼠用于补阳还五汤含药血清制备。流式细胞术鉴定BMSCs细胞。Transwell小室法测大鼠BMSCs迁移。高架十字迷宫和Morris水迷宫实验检测大鼠认知功能。苏木素-伊红(HE)染色检测脊髓组织病理形态。TUNEL测脊髓组织神经细胞凋亡。免疫组化检测p-JAK2、p-STAT3。Western印迹测PI3K、p-PI3K、Akt、p-Akt。结果传代后的培养细胞呈旋窝状或放射状贴壁生长,细胞多呈星形、梭形或三角状,培养3代后,细胞贴壁加快、形态均一,呈旋窝状或单层放射状生长。培养细胞表面抗原CD29、CD90为阳性,CD31、CD45为阴性,提示其为BMSCs细胞。与健康组相比,损伤组总路程、进入开臂次数、穿越平台次数显著降低,不同时间的潜伏期显著升高(P<0.05)。与损伤组相比,干预组与对照组总路程、进入开臂次数、穿越平台次数显著升高,不同时间的潜伏期显著降低(P<0.05)。干预组与对照组各指标对比无统计学差异(P>0.05)。健康组脊髓组织结构完整。损伤组脊髓组织疏松水肿,有细胞空泡变性产生。相较于损伤组,干预组与对照组大鼠脊髓组织病理形态有所改善。与健康组相比,损伤组BMSCs、PI3K、Akt、p-PI3K、p-Akt显著降低,神经细胞凋亡率、p-JAK2、p-STAT3显著升高(P<0.05)。与损伤组相比,干预组BMSCs、PI3K、Akt、p-PI3K、p-Akt显著升高,神经细胞凋亡率、p-JAK2、p-STAT3显著降低(P<0.05)。干预组与对照组各指标水平无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论补阳还五汤通过激活PI3K/Akt通路抑制JAK2/STAT3信号通路的激活,促进BMSCs的迁移,减轻神经细胞的凋亡,起到神经保护的作用,从而改善脊髓损伤大鼠的认知功能。

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide and ERK1/2-STAT3 signaling pathway may participate in the association between homocysteine and hypertension

Background Homocysteine(Hcy)is a risk factor for hypertension,although the mechanisms are poorly understood.Methods We first explored the relationship between Hcy levels and blood pressure(BP)by analyzing the clinical data of primary hypertensive patients admitted to our hospital.Secondly,we explored a rat model to study the effect of Hcy on blood pressure and the role of H2S.An hyperhomocysteinemia(HHcy)rat model was induced to explore the effect of Hcy on blood pressure and the possible mechanism.We carried out tissue histology,extraction and examination of RNA and protein.Finally,we conducted cell experiments to determine a likely mechanism through renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system(RAAS)and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2(ERK1/2)signaling pathway.Results In primary hypertensive inpatients with HHcy,blood pressure was significantly higher as compared with inpatient counterparts lacking HHcy.In the rat model,blood pressure of the Wistar rats was significantly increased with increases in serum Hcy levels and decreased after folate treatment.Angiotensin converting enzyme 1(ACE1)expression in the Wistar Hcy group was enhanced comparing to controls,but was decreased in the Wistar folate group.Angiotensin II receptor type 1(AGTR1)levels in the kidney tissue increased in the Wistar folate group.Both serum H2S and kidney cystathionineγ-lyase decreased with elevated levels of serum Hcy.In vitro,increased concentrations and treatment times for Hcy were associated with increased expression of collagen type 1 and AGTR1.This dose and time dependent response was also observed for p-STAT3 and p-ERK1/2 expression.Conclusion Endogenous H2S might mediate the process of altered blood pressure in response to changes in serum Hcy levels,in a process that is partly dependent on activated RAAS and ERK1/2-STAT3 signaling pathway.

Elevated retinol binding protein 4 levels are associated with atherosclerosis in diabetic rats via JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway

BACKGROUND Atherosclerosis is a major cause of mortality worldwide and is driven by multiple risk factors,including diabetes,which results in an increased atherosclerotic burden,but the precise mechanisms for the occurrence and development of diabetic atheroscerosis have not been fully elucidated.AIM To summarize the potential role of retinol binding protein 4(RBP4) in the pathogenesis of diabetic atheroscerosis,particularly in relation to the RBP4-Janus kinase 2/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(JAK2/STAT3)signaling pathway.METHODS Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups,including a control group(NC group),diabetic rat group(DM group),and diabetic atherosclerotic rat group(DA group).The contents of total cholesterol(TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-c), triglycerides(TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDLc), fasting insulin(FINS),fasting plasma glucose,and hemoglobin A1 c(HbA1 c)were measured.Moreover,the adipose and serum levels of RBP4,along with the expression levels of JAK2, phosphorylated JAK2(p-JAK2), STAT3,phosphorylated STAT3(p-STAT3), B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2), and Cyclin D1 in aortic tissues were also measured.Besides,homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) and atherogenic indexes(AI) were calculated.RESULTS Compared with the NC and DM groups,the levels LDL-c,TG,TC,FINS,HOMAIR,RBP4,and AI were upregulated,whereas that of HDL-c was downregulated in the DA group(P <0.05);the mRNA levels of JAK2,STAT3,Cyclin D1,and Bcl-2 in the DA group were significantly increased compared with the NC group and the DM group;P-JAK2,p-JAK2/JAK2 ratio,p-STAT3,p-STAT3/STAT3 ratio,Cyclin D1,and Bcl-2 at protein levels were significantly upregulated in the DA group compared with the NC group and DM group.In addition,as shown by Pearson analysis,serum RBP4 had a positive correlation with TG,TC,LDL-c,FINS,HbA1 C,p-JAK2,p-STAT3,Bcl-2,Cyclin D1,AI,and HOMA-IR but a negative correlation with HDL-c.In addition,multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that serum RBP4,p-JAK2,p-STAT3,and LDL-c were predictors of the presence of diabetic atherosclerosis.CONCLUSION RBP4 could be involved in the initiation or progression of diabetic atherosclerosis by regulating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

β-榄香烯阻断JAK2-STAT3信号通路促进紫杉醇对肺癌细胞增殖和凋亡作用研究

目的:研究分析讨论β-榄香烯对紫杉醇抑制肺癌细胞增殖、诱导凋亡的作用,并探讨其可能的机制。方法:建立耐药细胞株A549/Taxol,MTT法测定β-榄香烯对A549/Taxol细胞株的抑制率及IC50;使用Annexin V-FITC/PI检测细胞凋亡率;并通过Western Blot法检测JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3、Bcl-2、Bax、Caspase3蛋白的表达水平,借以分析β-榄香烯对紫杉醇抑制肺癌细胞增殖、诱导凋亡的作用和机制。结果:药物干预48 h后,可见β-榄香烯对A549/Taxol肺癌细胞活性均显示出抑制作用,并且抑制作用表现出明显的剂量依赖性,对肺癌细胞抑制的IC50水平为108.5μg/mL。研究中采用IC50浓度108.5μg/mL榄香烯干预A549/Taxol肺癌细胞, 24 h后可见A549/Taxol肺癌细胞的凋亡水平显著增加(P<0.05);与此同时,肺癌细胞JAK2、STAT3、p-STAT3和Bcl-2可见降低(P<0.05),而Bax和Caspase3则见升高(P<0.05)。结论:β-榄香烯可能通过抑制JAK2/STAT3信号通路,发挥拮抗肺癌细胞对紫杉醇的耐药性作用,抑制肿瘤细胞增殖,诱导凋亡。