四川地区YRY-4型钻孔应变观测资料可靠性分析

通过分析钻孔应变观测资料的干扰因素,发现四川地区YRY-4型钻孔应变受季节性降雨、钻孔水位和河水位涨落影响显著。采用钻孔应变自洽检验对钻孔应变仪观测数据进行自检,发现各台应变校正相关系数均大于0.9,说明四川地区YRY-4型应变观测资料的整体质量较高,可以用于区域地震预测和地震科学研究。

二维MoSi_(2)N_(4)/WSe_(2)异质结的第一性原理研究

实验上新合成的MoSi_(2)N_(4)(MSN)由于其独特的七原子层结构和电子特性引起了人们的广泛关注.本文搭建了一种由二维MSN与二维WSe_(2)(WS)垂直堆垛而成的二维MSN/WS异质结并基于第一性原理计算对其电子性质进行了计算,其表现出直接间隙半导体和I型能带排列的特性,具有1.46 eV的带隙.在异质结界面处存在一个由电荷耗尽层MSN指向电荷积累层WS微弱的内建电场.最后,通过施加双轴应变对二维MSN/WS异质结进行调控.发现在正双轴应变的作用下,MSN/WS异质结保持了原来直接带隙半导体和I型能带排列特性;在负双轴应变作用下,MSN/WS异质结由原来的直接带隙半导体转变为间接带隙半导体,当施加的负双轴应变达到-6%与-8%时,I型能带排列转变为Ⅱ型能带排列.

忻州地震监测中心站YRY-4分量钻孔应变仪气压干扰定量识别及特征分析

选取忻州地震监测中心站所辖代县、原平、宁武、繁峙、神池5个子台四分量钻孔应变仪记录数据,采用S变换、回归分析和小波变换等分析方法,对各仪器气压干扰特征进行量化和对比分析。结果表明:气压对钻孔应变观测的影响具有普遍性,气压干扰信号的归一化优势频率分布在0—0.05 Hz;气压干扰系数具有各异性,5个子台2023年3—6月的日变化气压干扰系数分别为-2.5×10^(-9)/hPa、-2.6×10^(-9)/hPa、-1.3×10^(-9)/hPa、-2.1×10^(-9)/hPa、-91.1×10^(-9)/hPa,其中神池子台所受气压干扰程度最高。

Biodegradation of Phenol and 4-Chlorophenol by the Mutant Strain CTM 2

The biodegradations of phenol and 4-chlorophenol （4-cp） were studied using the mutant strain CTM 2 obtained by the He-Ne laser irradiation on wild-type Candida tropicalis. The results showed that the capacity of the CTM 2 to biodegrade 4-cp was increased up to 400 mg·L^-1 within 59.5 h. In the dual-substrate biodegradation both velocity and capacity of the CTM 2 to degrade 4-cp increased with low-concentration phenol. A totalof 400 mg·L^-1 4-cp was completely degraded within 50.＇5 h in thepresence of 300 mg·L^-1 phenol. The maximum 4：cp biodegegradation could reach 440 mg·L^1 with 120 mg·L^1 phenol. Low-concentration 4-cp caused great inhibition on the CTM 2 to degrade phenol. In addition, the kinetic behaviors were described using the kinetic model proposed in this lab.

A Comparison of the Biological Characteristics of EV71 C4 Subtypes from Different Epidemic Strains

The comparative analysis of the biological characterization and the genetic background study of EV71 circulating strains is commonly recognized as basic work necessary for development of an effective EV71 vaccine. In this study, we sequenced five EV71 circulating strains, isolated from Fuyang, Hefei, Kunming and Shenzhen city of China and named them FY-23, FY-22, H44, K9 and S1 respectively. The sequence alignment demonstrated their genotypes be C4. The genetic distance of the VP1 gene from these isolates suggested that they were highly co-related with genetic identity similar to other previously reported EV71 strains in China. Additionally, these strains were identified to display some obvious proliferation dynamics and plaque morphology when propagated in Vero cells. However, a distinctive difference in pathogenic ability in neonatal mice was found. Some differences in cross neutralization test & immunogenic analysis were also found. All these results are related to the biological characterization of circulating EV71 strains in China and aid in the development of an EV71 vaccine in the future.

Variation effect of strain rate on microstructure in isothermal compression of Ti-6Al-4V alloy

Isothermal compression of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy at the deformation temperatures of 950 and 980℃,height reductions of 30% and 60%,and strain rates of 0.001,0.010,0.100 and 1.000 s-1 was conducted,wherein the variations of microstructure with strain rate were investigated.The experimental results showed that the variation of the microstructure with the strain rate under one condition was significantly different from that under another condition,which meaned that the interaction between the processing parameters was great.The optimization of the strain rate under one condition was not suitable for another condition.Therefore,selecting the forging equipment and optimizing the strain rate should be based on simultaneously considering the deformation temperature and height reduction.

Mechanical characterization of Mg-B4C nanocomposite fabricated at different strain rates

Magnesium has wide application in industry.The main purpose of this investigation was to improve the properties of magnesium by reinforcing it using B4C nanoparticles.The reinforced nanocomposites were fabricated using a powder compaction technique for 0,1.5vol%,3vol%,5vol%,and 10vol% of B4C.Powder compaction was conducted using a split Hopkinson bar(SHB),drop hammer(DH),and Instron to reach different compaction loading rates.The compressive stress–strain curves of the samples were captured from quasi-static and dynamic tests carried out using an Instron and split Hopkinson pressure bar,respectively.Results revealed that,to achieve the highest improvement in ultimate strength,the contents of B4C were 1.5vol%,3vol%,and 3vol% for Instron,DH,and SHB,respectively.These results also indicated that the effect of compaction type on the quasi-static strength of the samples was not as significant,although its effect on the dynamic strength of the samples was remarkable.The improvement in ultimate strength obtained from the quasi-static stress–strain curves of the samples(compared to pure Mg)varied from 9.9% for DH to 24% for SHB.The dynamic strength of the samples was improved(with respect to pure Mg)by 73%,116%,and 141%for the specimens compacted by Instron,DH,and SHB,respectively.The improvement in strength was believed to be due to strengthening mechanisms,friction,adiabatic heating,and shock waves.

Effect of strain rate difference between inside and outside groove in M-K model on prediction of forming limit curve of Ti6Al4V at elevated temperatures

The influence of initial groove angle on strain rate inside and outside groove of Ti6Al4V alloy was investigated.Based on the evolution of strain rate inside and outside groove,the effect of strain rate difference on the evolution of normal stress and effective stress inside and outside groove was also analyzed.The results show that when linear loading path changes from uniaxial tension to equi-biaxial tension,the initial groove angle plays a weaker role in the evolution of strain rate in the M-K model.Due to the constraint of force equilibrium between inside and outside groove,the strain rate difference makes the normal stress inside groove firstly decrease and then increase during calculation,which makes the prediction algorithm of forming limit convergent at elevated temperature.The decrease of normal stress inside groove is mainly caused by high temperature softening effect and the rotation of groove,while the increase of normal stress inside groove is mainly due to strain rate hardening effect.

Protective efficacy of an H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine(H5-Re13,H5-Re14, and H7-Re4 strains) in chickens, ducks, and geese against newly detected H5N1, H5N6, H5N8, and H7N9 viruses

Some H5 viruses isolated in poultry or wild birds between 2020 and 2021 were found to be antigenically different from the vaccine strains(H5-Re11 and H5-Re12) used in China. In this study, we generated three new recombinant vaccine seed viruses by using reverse genetics and used them for vaccine production. The vaccine strain H5-Re13 contains the hemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) genes of an H5 N6 virus that bears the clade 2.3.4.4 h HA gene, H5-Re14 contains the HA and NA genes of an H5 N8 virus that bears the clade 2.3.4.4 b HA gene, and H7-Re4 contains the HA and NA genes of H7 N9 virus detected in 2021. We evaluated the protective efficacy of the novel H5/H7 trivalent inactivated vaccine in chickens, ducks, and geese. The inactivated vaccine was immunogenic and induced substantial antibody responses in the birds tested. Three weeks after vaccination, chickens were challenged with five different viruses detected in 2020 and 2021: three viruses(an H5 N1 virus, an H5 N6 virus, and an H5 N8 virus) bearing the clade 2.3.4.4 b HA gene, an H5 N6 virus bearing the clade 2.3.4.4 h HA gene, and an H7 N9 virus. All of the control birds shed high titers of virus and died within 4 days post-challenge, whereas the vaccinated chickens were completely protected from these viruses. Similar protective efficacy against H5 viruses bearing the clade 2.3.4.4 h or 2.3.4.4 b HA gene was observed in ducks and geese. Our study indicates that the newly updated H5/H7 vaccine can provide solid protection against the H5 and H7 N9 viruses that are currently circulating in nature.

Misfit strains inducing voltage decay in LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4)/C

LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) is considered a promising cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries(LIBs) due to its high energy density and low cost. Its energy density degradation is often ascribed to the capacity loss during cycling. However, in this study, we find that the energy density degradation mainly roots in voltage decay. We have synthesized a series of LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) /C(0.5 ≤ y ≤ 0.8) and find this voltage decay is correlated with the Mn content. A high amount Mn leads to a heavier voltage decay.In-situ X-ray diffraction(XRD) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) reveal the nature of this effect, which show a mismatch along the b-axis of-2.68%(charge) and +3.4%(discharge), a volume misfit of-4.41%(charge) and +4.54%(discharge) between Li_(x)Mn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) and Mn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) during phase transitions. The resultant misfit strains during Li+insertion compared to extraction result in structural degradations, such as amorphization and impurity(Mn F3) accumulation after cycling. The voltage decay can be alleviated by kinetic relaxations and recovered by a wild reannealing. This work demonstrates effective strategies to improve the energy density and cycling performance of LiMn_(y)Fe_(1-y)PO_(4) /C,providing good references for other LIB cathodes, such as the Li-rich cathodes.

Modulation of Schottky barrier in XSi_(2)N_(4)/graphene(X=Mo and W)heterojunctions by biaxial strain

Reducing the Schottky barrier height(SBH)and even achieving the transition from Schottky contacts to Ohmic contacts are key challenges of achieving high energy efficiency and high-performance power devices.In this paper,the modulation effects of biaxial strain on the electronic properties and Schottky barrier of Mo Si_(2)N_(4)(MSN)/graphene and WSi_(2)N_(4)(WSN)/graphene heterojunctions are examined by using first principles calculations.After the construction of heterojunctions,the electronic structures of MSN,WSN,and graphene are well preserved.Herein,we show that by applying suitable external strain to a heterojunction stacked by MSN or WSN—an emerging two-dimensional(2D)semiconductor family with excellent mechanical properties—and graphene,the heterojunction can be transformed from Schottky ptype contacts into n-type contacts,even highly efficient Ohmic contacts,making it of critical importance to unleash the tremendous potentials of graphene-based van der Waals(vd W)heterojunctions.Not only are these findings invaluable for designing high-performance graphene-based electronic devices,but also they provide an effective route to realizing dynamic switching either between n-type and p-type Schottky contacts,or between Schottky contacts and Ohmic contacts.

Plastic Flow Modeling of Ti-5 Al-2 Sn-2 Zr-4 Mo-4 Cr Alloy at Elevated Temperatures and High Strain Rates

The true stress-sWain relationships of Ti-5A1-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr（TC17） alloy with a wide range of strain rates were investigated by tmiaxial quasi-static and dynamic compression tests, respectively. Quasi- static compression tests were carried out with Instron 8874 test machine, while dynamic compression tests were performed with the split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB） which was installed with heating device and synchro- assembly system. The dynamic mechanical behaviors tests of TC17 were carded out from room temperature to 800 ℃ at intervals of 200 ℃ and at high sWain rates （5 500-1 9200 s-l）. The stress-strain curves considering temperature-sWain rate coupling actions were obtained. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model was developed through data fitting of the stress-sWain curves. The material constants in the developed constitutive model can be determined using isothermal and adiabatic stress-strain curves at different strain rates. The Johnson-Cook constitutive model provided satisfied prediction of the plastic flow stress for TC17 alloy.

FX-4氟橡胶的老化行为研究

目的研究FX-4氟橡胶在不同工况条件下的老化行为,为工程实践中科学评估装备使用寿命提供依据。方法基于某装备对FX-4氟橡胶材料的使用要求,设计5种模拟工作状态条件的老化试验,通过观测样品外观形貌、力学、化学结构、打压密封等性能变化,研究FX-4氟橡胶在不同温度、不同介质和不同应变作用下的老化行为。结果经过9000 h老化试验,FX-4氟橡胶的压缩永久变形表现出明显增加的趋势,且增长速率呈现出先增大、再放缓、随后再次增大的变化规律。分解温度由508℃提升为520℃左右,表面结晶度和内部结晶度由61.7%分别下降为37%和48%左右,表明老化损伤由样品表面逐渐向内部扩展。分子结构没有发生根本改变,打压密封功能良好。结论经过9000 h老化试验后,FX-4氟橡胶出现不同程度的性能老化,但仍具备良好的密封性能,可正常使用。

酱香型大曲中产4-乙基愈创木酚芽孢杆菌的筛选、鉴定及特性研究

从酱香型大曲中筛选得到4株产4-乙基愈创木酚(4-EG)的菌株。通过形态学观察、生理生化试验和分子鉴定种属确定产4-EG量较高的一株菌为蜡样芽孢杆菌Bacillus cereus wsp-2-2,产4-EG量达到245.3μg/L。通过耐受性实验研究,结果表明所确定菌株wsp-2-2能够耐受4%vol酒精度、15%的糖度和pH5.5的酸碱度,为后续研究蜡样芽孢杆菌的4-EG生物合成及应用提供了理论基础。

高致病性FAdV-4传代中的毒力和Fiber2基因的比对分析

为筛选禽腺病毒疫苗株和制备亚单位疫苗提供科学依据,探明高致病性禽腺病毒C亚型4血清型(FAdV-4)毒株在传代中的毒力变化以及不同感染方式对雏鸡死亡率的影响,首先制备2~15代的高致病性FAdV-4尿囊液,用LMH细胞检测第2、4、8和15代尿囊液的半数细胞感染量(TCID_(50));其次选取的4个代次尿囊液分别通过黏膜(点眼)和颈背部皮下途径接种SPF雏鸡,观察动物的死亡率;最后应用PCR方法扩增主要结构蛋白Fiber2基因序列并进行比对分析。结果表明:所有制备的2~15代FAdV-4毒株均在5~7 d内致鸡胚死亡(100%),4个代次毒株的TCID_(50)为10^(6.5±0.2)/0.1 mL,不同代次毒株间的毒力差异不显著(P>0.05);选取的4个代次毒株经颈背部皮下接种雏鸡的死亡率为100%,死亡雏鸡出现典型的心包积液综合征。而经黏膜接种的雏鸡死亡率呈下降趋势,分别为80%、50%、30%和30%;不同代次毒株Fiber2基因序列没有发生变化。总之,不同代次毒株通过皮下接种后对雏鸡的致病力没有差异,但黏膜接种的死亡率则逐代下降,而主要结构蛋白Fiber2基因则没有出现碱基变异。

不同复合菌种对热研4号王草青贮饲料发酵品质及营养价值的影响

为筛选可提高热研4号王草青贮发酵品质的最优菌种组合,试验采用单因素设计,共设置6个处理组,分别为对照组CK(不添加菌种)、A组(混合添加枯草芽孢杆菌:乳酸菌:酵母菌=1:1:1)、B组(混合添加枯草芽孢杆菌:乳酸菌:酵母菌:地衣芽孢杆菌=1:1:1:1)、C组(混合添加枯草芽孢杆菌:乳酸菌:酵母菌:地衣芽孢杆菌:植物乳杆菌=1:1:1:1:1)、D组(混合添加枯草芽孢杆菌:乳酸菌:酵母菌:地衣芽孢杆菌:植物乳杆菌:嗜酸乳杆菌=1:1:1:1:1:1)、E组(混合添加枯草芽孢杆菌:乳酸菌:酵母菌:地衣芽孢杆菌:植物乳杆菌:嗜酸乳杆菌:干酪乳杆菌=1:1:1:1:1:1:1),每组3个重复。青贮发酵30 d,开袋进行质量感官评价。结果显示,A组、B组、C组、E组感官评分较高,均为良。C、D组的粗蛋白相对于CK均显著增加(P<0.05)。与CK相比,各组的干物质、脂肪、水溶性碳水化合物、灰分、总脂肪酸的含量变化较小(P>0.05),D组的中性洗涤纤维显著降低(P<0.05),B组的酸性洗涤纤维显著升高(P<0.05),木质素和钙显著降低(P<0.05)。各组间的氨和乙酸差异均不显著(P>0.05)。A组和B组的pH值均显著低于CK组(P<0.05)。A组、C组、E组的乳酸浓度均显著高于CK组(P<0.05)。B组的丁酸浓度最高。综上说明,在高水分条件下,混合添加枯草芽孢杆菌+乳酸菌+酵母菌+地衣芽孢杆菌+植物乳杆菌(1:1:1:1:1)可以显著提高热研4号王草的青贮发酵品质和营养价值。

单晶高温合金CMSX-4铸件再结晶

以单晶高温合金CMSX-4为研究对象,设计制备一种含5层平台的单晶试板铸件,研究其在不同温度下进行固溶热处理后的再结晶行为。结果表明:经固溶热处理后除最下层平台外,其余每层平台的截面突变处均有再结晶产生,再结晶面积随平台所处高度的增加先增大后减小;铸件外侧平台比内侧平台更容易产生再结晶。固溶热处理温度T_(H)对铸件平台再结晶形核和长大的影响非常显著,当T_(H)从1303℃提升到1315℃时,再结晶面积从9.7 mm^(2)增加到293 mm^(2),增幅高达30倍。由于截面突变,铸件平台部位会在凝固及冷却过程中产生较大的塑性变形并积聚大量的变形能,在后续热处理时截面突变处易成为再结晶的起源;同时,因凝固过程中换热条件、冷却速率和变形速率的差异,导致铸件各部位的应力分布不均,在固溶热处理后表现出不同的再结晶行为。此外,提高T_(H)能够有效促进γ/γ′共晶组织和粗大γ′相的溶解,减少γ/γ′共晶组织及粗大γ′相对再结晶晶界迁移过程中的钉扎作用,显著增加再结晶缺陷区域。

基于关联度理论的锆-4合金包壳堆外EDC试验参数研究

堆外EDC试验是一种能够精确控制各试验参数,模拟RIA工况下锆⁃4合金包壳失效的试验方法。通过试验数据验证的数值模拟计算,分析了柱塞压缩速率、轴向拉伸载荷、包壳管温度、包壳管氢含量等试验参数对包壳管轴向应变ε_(zz)、环向应变ε_(θθ)、包壳管残余应变双轴比ε_(zz)/ε_(θθ)的影响,利用关联度理论计算出以上试验参数对燃料元件PCMI失效影响的重要程度。结果表明:包壳管拉伸载荷、包壳管含氢量、包壳管温度对包壳管环向应力⁃应变曲线的影响明显,柱塞压缩速率对包壳管载荷达峰时间有显著影响。各参数对包壳管失效的影响按程度从大到小依次为轴向拉伸载荷、包壳管含氢量、包壳管温度、柱塞压缩速率。

The Analysis of Coseismic Response of 4-component Borehole Strainmeters with High Sampling Rate

In this paper,we adopt the observation data of two 10Hz YRY 4-component borehole strainmeters and one 100Hz FBS-3B broadband seismometer to study the responses of their observations to the April 11,2012 MW8. 6 earthquake off the west coast of northern Sumatra,and compare the response characteristics during the coseismic stage after preprocessing of the data. We analyze the spectrum's dynamic process during the coseismic stage with the S transformation method,and discuss the spectrum's details in different seismic phases. The S transformation results of the data of seismometer and borehole strainmeter at the same station show that the coseismic spectrum evolution of the two kinds of observation are similar to each other and can be cross-referenced in indentifying the wave signals,which proves that the borehole strainmeter measurements at high frequencies are reliable.

Study of residual stresses and distortions from the Ti6Al4V based thinwalled geometries built using LPBF process

The current paper focuses on the prediction of residual stresses and distortions in the Laser Powder Bed Fusion(LPBF)built Ti6Al4V thin-walled geometries using Ansys Additive Print(AAP)software which employs a layer-by-layer accumulation of inherent strain to calculate the deformations.Isotropic and anisotropic strain scaling factors were calibrated initially within the APP software for the Ti6Al4V based single cantilever beam geometry.Subsequently,the numerical simulations were performed in APP software and computed the residual stresses and distortions for the varied process parameters including laser power,scan speed and hatch distance while maintaining the layer thickness constant for all the design iterations.The numerical predictions were compared;they were found to match reasonably well with the XRD measurements within the calibrated regime.