Detection of Turbulence Anomalies Using a Symbolic Classifier Algorithm in Airborne Quick Access Record(QAR)Data Analysis

As the risks associated with air turbulence are intensified by climate change and the growth of the aviation industry,it has become imperative to monitor and mitigate these threats to ensure civil aviation safety.The eddy dissipation rate(EDR)has been established as the standard metric for quantifying turbulence in civil aviation.This study aims to explore a universally applicable symbolic classification approach based on genetic programming to detect turbulence anomalies using quick access recorder(QAR)data.The detection of atmospheric turbulence is approached as an anomaly detection problem.Comparative evaluations demonstrate that this approach performs on par with direct EDR calculation methods in identifying turbulence events.Moreover,comparisons with alternative machine learning techniques indicate that the proposed technique is the optimal methodology currently available.In summary,the use of symbolic classification via genetic programming enables accurate turbulence detection from QAR data,comparable to that with established EDR approaches and surpassing that achieved with machine learning algorithms.This finding highlights the potential of integrating symbolic classifiers into turbulence monitoring systems to enhance civil aviation safety amidst rising environmental and operational hazards.

肘关节镜下闭合复位内固定治疗儿童JacobⅡ型肱骨外髁骨折3例报告

目的探讨肘关节镜下治疗JacobⅡ型肱骨外髁骨折的可行性。方法JacobⅡ型肱骨外髁骨折患儿3例,均给予肘关节镜下经皮穿针内固定治疗。术中,先空针抽吸关节囊内积血,注射盐水充盈关节囊,置入关节镜及操作器械。清除骨折间隙软组织后,复位远端骨折块,X线透视下置入克氏针,交叉固定。结果术中患儿均获得满意复位,无一例转为切开复位;平均手术时间75 min,平均住院时间6 d。出院后规律复查、换药,1个月后均恢复良好,骨折断端对位满意,未出现感染等短期并发症。顺利拔除克氏针,规律功能锻炼,1年后复查未出现骨不愈合、畸形愈合与神经麻痹等远期并发症。结论肘关节镜下治疗JacobⅡ型肱骨外髁骨折术中操作视野良好,便于清除骨折间隙软组织,实现骨折解剖复位,手术创伤小、术后并发症少。

Approximately Bi-Similar Symbolic Model for Discretetime Interconnected Switched System

Dear Editor,This letter concerns the development of approximately bi-similar symbolic models for a discrete-time interconnected switched system(DT-ISS).The DT-ISS under consideration is formed by connecting multiple switched systems known as component switched systems(CSSs).Although the problem of constructing approximately bi-similar symbolic models for DT-ISS has been addressed in some literature,the previous works have relied on the assumption that all the subsystems of CSSs are incrementally input-state stable.

A Study on the Symbol-Based Narrative in the International Communication of Cities

Cultural symbols,a manifestation of cities’cultural resources,are not only signs that frame concepts but also forms that express meanings.Exploring the international communication of cities from the perspective of symbols,this paper analyzes in depth how cities create their cultural symbols in the dynamic process of international communication in an era of symbol-based digital media,and how they develop their narratives and explain meanings through the dissemination of symbols when telling their stories to international audiences,thus enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of their international communication efforts.

Symbols in The Magic Barrel

The article takes the famous modern American Jewish writer Bernard Malamud’s novel The Magic Barrel as the object of study,and uses symbolism to interpret it,analyzing it one by one in terms of the magic barrel,the colors,the seasons and the windows,respectively,so as to reveal the process of getting rid of the childishness within the novel’s male protagonist,Leo Finkel,who is maturing,as well as the novel’s Jewish theme of searching for the soul of the self.

Camilla Guerrieri’s Portrait of Guidobaldo II della Rovere:Symbols of Honor and Power

The Altomani&Sons Collection owns a remarkable newly discovered portrait of Guidobaldo II della Rovere,Duke of Urbino(1514-1574),a historical military figure who was a condottiere,ruler of Urbino,Commander-in-chief of the Papal Estate,and Perfect of Rome,as well as a collector and patron of the Fine Arts.Camilla Guerrieri Nati(1628-1694),a seventeenth-century Italian painter from Fossombrone(in the province of Pesaro and Urbino),portrayed this heroic personage surrounded by emblems associated with his military courage and leadership,including his plumed burgonet helmet,metal gilded armor,a necklace with the golden fleece,and batons of secular and religious dominions.This oil painting on copper-considered a precious metal at the time-emphasizes the importance of the commission.The material and technique also reveals a unique artistic achievement in that it provides the painting with a smooth,reflective surface and vibrant coloration,symbolizing precious imagery.

一类新的MDS symbol-pair码

为了对抗符号对(symbol-pair)读取信道中的符号对错误,符号对码应运而生。与经典纠错码类似,极小对距离越大,符号对码的纠错能力越强,因此,构造具有较大极小符号对距离的符号对码至关重要。根据多项式重根的判别方法,通过分析有限域F p上线性方程组的解,得到了一类最大距离可分的符号对(MDS symbol-pair)码,其长度为4 p,极小符号对距离为10。结果表明,在同样码长的情况下,新构造的MDS符号对码具有较大的极小符号对距离。

A robust symbol timing strategy for cellular systems

In cellular systems,establishing the initial symbol timing of potential preambles is the first step of a cell search.The envelope fluctuation of the downlink signal hinders the successful timing of conventional symbol timing methods.To solve this problem,a hybrid timing strategy is proposed with two novel detectors,namely the normalized replica-based detector and normalized differential detector.The strategy first detects all potential preambles via the normalized replica-based detector and then employs the normalized differential detector to verify the target preamble,which comes from the target cell and has the highest power.The strategy is unaffected by envelope fluctuation and has computational complexity comparable to that of conventional methods.Simu-lations and real-data tests show that the hybrid timing strategy is robust and practical for initial symbol timing.

Training-based symbol detection with temporal convolutional neural network in single-polarized optical communication system

In order to reduce the physical impairment caused by signal distortion,in this paper,we investigate symbol detection with Deep Learning(DL)methods to improve bit-error performance in the optical communication system.Many DL-based methods have been applied to such systems to improve bit-error performance.Referring to the speech-to-text method of automatic speech recognition,this paper proposes a signal-to-symbol method based on DL and designs a receiver for symbol detection on single-polarized optical communications modes.To realize this detection method,we propose a non-causal temporal convolutional network-assisted receiver to detect symbols directly from the baseband signal,which specifically integrates most modules of the receiver.Meanwhile,we adopt three training approaches for different signal-to-noise ratios.We also apply a parametric rectified linear unit to enhance the noise robustness of the proposed network.According to the simulation experiments,the biterror-rate performance of the proposed method is close to or even superior to that of the conventional receiver and better than the recurrent neural network-based receiver.

Application of Blank Symbols in Japanese Architecture and Indoor Designs

A symbol is an expression of meaning,while blank symbols express special meanings.By focusing on the application of blank symbols in Japanese architecture and indoor designs,we analyzed the aesthetic principles in Japanese architecture and indoor designs from the perspective of semiotics,such as“Kongji,”“Emptiness,”and“Dying out,”and their minimalist and pure design concepts.Traditional Chinese culture was also further explored,especially the profound influence of the“Chan sect”and the philosophy of“unity of heaven and mankind”on Japanese architecture and designs.This study aims to facilitate the coexistence and mutual appreciation of Chinese and Japanese architectural designs.

Crack Growth Rate Model Derived from Domain Knowledge-Guided Symbolic Regression

Machine learning(ML)has powerful nonlinear processing and multivariate learning capabilities,so it has been widely utilised in the fatigue field.However,most ML methods are inexplicable black-box models that are difficult to apply in engineering practice.Symbolic regression(SR)is an interpretable machine learning method for determining the optimal fitting equation for datasets.In this study,domain knowledge-guided SR was used to determine a new fatigue crack growth(FCG)rate model.Three terms of the variable subtree ofΔK,R-ratio,andΔK_(th)were obtained by analysing eight traditional semi-empirical FCG rate models.Based on the FCG rate test data from other literature,the SR model was constructed using Al-7055-T7511.It was subsequently extended to other alloys(Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al,Ti-6Al-4V,Cr-Mo-V,LC9cs,Al-6013-T651,and Al-2324-T3)using multiple linear regression.Compared with the three semi-empirical FCG rate models,the SR model yielded higher prediction accuracy.This result demonstrates the potential of domain knowledge-guided SR for building the FCG rate model.

The Application of Symbolism in Domenico Starnone’s Novel Lacci

In the Italian novel Lacci,the young husband abandoned his wife and lived with another woman.Although the marriage has been maintained under the stress of tense relations,friction and cracks have long existed and broken their peaceful life.This betrayal story restores the whole story from three perspectives through the eyes of the husband,the wife,and the memory of two children.It also reveals the indifferent and uncommunicable situations experienced by everyone in the family.The shoelace that appeared repeatedly in this article not only symbolizes the entangled and chaotic relationship between husband and wife,but also symbolizes the parent-child relationship that has long been broken but still tied up with each other;another image,the cat,not only symbolizes the seductive lover in the eyes of the husband,but also represents himself who pursues the satisfaction of desire.At the same time,cat also implies the disintegration of this marriage from inside to outside.In short,in this suffocating marriage novel,shoelace symbolizes order,while cat symbolizes chaos.The cat who keeps breaking in wore away their trust and emotion,and in the end,the two people in marriage can only bind reluctantly with shoelaces and hurt each other.

Analysis of the Symbolic Meaning of James Joyce’s Araby

Araby is a short story by the famous Irish stream-of-consciousness writer James Joyce.Through a series of images,the novel expresses the theme of the story:the“mental paralysis”of Dubliners and the“spiritual Epiphany”of the little boy,which reflects the spiritual barren of Dubliners at that time.Through the analysis of the symbolic meaning of many images in the work,this paper reveals the social background and religious significance hidden behind the images.

Jacob’s Syndrome and Deficiency of 11-Beta-Hydroxylase Enzyme Association Revealed by a Statural Advance: A Case Report

47XYY syndrome is a rare sex chromosome variant with an extra Y chromosome. Most patients with a 47XYY karyotype have a normal phenotype. This disorder seems to be associated with a higher risk of developing behavior and cognitive problems, tall stature and infertility in adulthood. We report here a rare case of 47, XYY syndrome associated with an 11-beta-hydroxylase deficiency revealed by a stature advance along with precocious puberty after obtaining informed consent from parents. To our knowledge, this is the first case reported in the literature.

Analysis of the Influence of Clothing on Characterization from Symbolism: Taking The Scarlet Letter, Daisy Miller, and Dry September as Examples

In the novels, the clothing worn by the characters are symbols made and used by the authors to express the characters’ personality and deepen the theme, and grasping their symbolism helps to enter into the interior of the novels and understand their essence. This paper will analyze and interpret the clothing of typical female characters in The Scarlet Letter, Daisy Miller and Dry September from the perspective of symbolism, so as to illustrate how the symbolism of clothing, as a kind of symbols, shapes the image of the main characters.

Evolution Performance of Symbolic Radial Basis Function Neural Network by Using Evolutionary Algorithms

Radial Basis Function Neural Network(RBFNN)ensembles have long suffered from non-efficient training,where incorrect parameter settings can be computationally disastrous.This paper examines different evolutionary algorithms for training the Symbolic Radial Basis Function Neural Network(SRBFNN)through the behavior’s integration of satisfiability programming.Inspired by evolutionary algorithms,which can iteratively find the nearoptimal solution,different Evolutionary Algorithms(EAs)were designed to optimize the producer output weight of the SRBFNN that corresponds to the embedded logic programming 2Satisfiability representation(SRBFNN-2SAT).The SRBFNN’s objective function that corresponds to Satisfiability logic programming can be minimized by different algorithms,including Genetic Algorithm(GA),Evolution Strategy Algorithm(ES),Differential Evolution Algorithm(DE),and Evolutionary Programming Algorithm(EP).Each of these methods is presented in the steps in the flowchart form which can be used for its straightforward implementation in any programming language.With the use of SRBFNN-2SAT,a training method based on these algorithms has been presented,then training has been compared among algorithms,which were applied in Microsoft Visual C++software using multiple metrics of performance,including Mean Absolute Relative Error(MARE),Root Mean Square Error(RMSE),Mean Absolute Percentage Error(MAPE),Mean Bias Error(MBE),Systematic Error(SD),Schwarz Bayesian Criterion(SBC),and Central Process Unit time(CPU time).Based on the results,the EP algorithm achieved a higher training rate and simple structure compared with the rest of the algorithms.It has been confirmed that the EP algorithm is quite effective in training and obtaining the best output weight,accompanied by the slightest iteration error,which minimizes the objective function of SRBFNN-2SAT.

The Wonders of the Wall:The Great Wall is a powerful symbol that represents the heroic spirit of the Chinese people

While getting a chance to visit the Great Wall of China may not be easy,it is a memorable experience for everyone who manages to get there.And the value of the Great Wall is not confined to tourists;it is also significant for those interested in learning about the preservation of the historic site as a unique symbol of Chinese civilisation.

The Symbolic Expression in the Material Form in Public Spaces

The article explores the topic of symbolic expression in the physical elements that form urban public spaces.It is done by giving an overview and analysing spaces that hold a widely-recognised symbolic value.The author discusses the means of encoding and perceiving meanings in the spacial composition,physical form and materials of its elements,and other aspects that influence the sensory or psychological perception of the observer.At the same time,different theoretical approaches to the perception of space are discussed,addressing not only architectural theory but also the ideas proposed in the fields of philosophy,fenomenology and cultural studies.

国家形象传播视域下中国文化符号在大学英语教学中的应用性研究

中国文化符号具有高度的独特性和民族性。在大学英语教学中融入中国文化符号不仅是现代大学英语的要求,也是对国家形象进行正面传播的重要步骤。使用各种策略将中国文化符号和优秀中国传统文化融入到课堂,引导大学生对中国文化符号进行思考和接受,不仅能够培养学生的文化意识,而且也能够帮助学生树立正确的文化观和价值观。

新媒体背景下少数民族动画符码赋能铸牢中华民族共同体意识

少数民族动画是在艺术想象下创作实践而成的文化精神承载物,是中华民族文化符号的具体呈现,少数民族动画对中华民族共同体意识“日常生活层面”的传播有着重要作用。新媒体信息传播方式对文化符码的传播和输出产生了文化多元化、对象多样化、传播复杂化等影响。少数民族动画文化符码作为铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要媒介和载体,从1949年-2019年经历了族群认同、自我认同、国家认同的发展历程,在新媒体背景下少数民族动画呈现出与大众文化消费市场距离较远、“碎片化”信息传播需要整合、民族文化差异性与共享性需要平衡、动画观众个性化需求需要协调等特点。研究认为,可以从审美层面契合少数民族动画符码的当代向度,使内容与形式符合现代人的审美需求;从观念与价值层面引导少数民族动画符码的价值构建,以文艺形式承载时代精神,价值引导符合时代发展的需求;从情感与记忆层面满足少数民族动画的与时俱进,传递共同民族心理与共同价值观念,拓展少数民族动画媒体宣传力度,增强少数民族动画赋能铸牢中华民族共同体意识的能力。