Objective:To evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Jasminum humile（J.humile） leaves extract.Method:Methanolic extract of J.humile was evaluated for its antimicrobial act...Objective:To evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Jasminum humile（J.humile） leaves extract.Method:Methanolic extract of J.humile was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity by using agar well diffusion method & their possible antioxidant assay by two complementary test systems,namely DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity.These various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as ascorbic acid for both the tests.Results:In the DPPH & hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity,the IC<sub>50</sub> value of methanol extract was 70.43μg/mL & 60.79μg/mL respectively. Further,the extract showed inhibitory activity for Gram-positive and negative bacteria at different concentrations.The maximum antibacterial activity of extract was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus（S.aureus） at concentration 50 mg/mL when compared with ciprofloxacin Conclusions:These results clearly indicate that J.humile is effective in scavenging free radicals and has the potential to be a powerful antioxidant.Thus,the results obtained in the present study indicate that J.humile leaves extract could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants and that could be used as an effective source against bacterial diseases.展开更多
Jasminum sambac(jasmine flower),a world-renowned plant appreciated for its exceptional flower fragrance,is of cultural and economic importance.However,the genetic basis of its fragrance is largely unknown.Here,we pres...Jasminum sambac(jasmine flower),a world-renowned plant appreciated for its exceptional flower fragrance,is of cultural and economic importance.However,the genetic basis of its fragrance is largely unknown.Here,we present the first de novo genome assembly of J.sambac with 550.12 Mb(scaffold N50=40.10 Mb)assembled into 13 pseudochromosomes.Terpene synthase(TPS)genes associated with flower fragrance are considerably amplified in the form of gene clusters through tandem duplications in the genome.Gene clusters within the salicylic acid/benzoic acid/theobromine(SABATH)and benzylalcohol O-acetyltransferase/anthocyanin O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferases/anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase/deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase(BAHD)superfamilies were identified to be related to the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid/benzenoid compounds.Several key genes involved in jasmonate biosynthesis were duplicated,causing an increase in copy numbers.In addition,multi-omics analyses identified various aromatic compounds and many genes involved in fragrance biosynthesis pathways.Furthermore,the roles of JsTPS3 in b-ocimene biosynthesis,as well as JsAOC1 and JsAOS in jasmonic acid biosynthesis,were functionally validated.The genome assembled in this study for J.sambac offers a basic genetic resource for studying floral scent and jasmonate biosynthesis,and provides a foundation for functional genomic research and variety improvements in Jasminum.展开更多
Jasmine(Jasminum sambac Aiton)is a well-known cultivated plant species for its fragrant flowers used in the perfume industry and cosmetics.However,the genetic basis of its floral scent is largely unknown.In this study...Jasmine(Jasminum sambac Aiton)is a well-known cultivated plant species for its fragrant flowers used in the perfume industry and cosmetics.However,the genetic basis of its floral scent is largely unknown.In this study,using PacBio,Illumina,10×Genomics and highthroughput chromosome conformation capture(Hi-C)sequencing technologies,a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for J.sambac was obtained,exploiting a double-petal phenotype cultivar‘Shuangbanmoli’(JSSB).The results showed that the final assembled genome of JSSB is 580.33 Mb in size(contig N50=1.05 Mb;scaffold N50=45.07 Mb)with a total of 39618 predicted protein-coding genes.Our analyses revealed that the JSSB genome has undergone an ancient whole-genome duplication(WGD)event at 91.68 million years ago(Mya).It was estimated that J.sambac diverged from the lineage leading to Olea europaea and Osmanthus fragrans about 28.8 Mya.On the basis of a combination of genomic,transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses,a range of floral scent volatiles and genes were identified involved in the benzenoid/phenylpropanoid and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways.The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of its fragrance biosynthesis in jasmine.展开更多
Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism in Jasminum amplexicaule(Oleaceae)and verify its main active component as quality control markers Methods:Established mouse models of diarrhea,intestinal angina,and infla...Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism in Jasminum amplexicaule(Oleaceae)and verify its main active component as quality control markers Methods:Established mouse models of diarrhea,intestinal angina,and inflammation were firstly used to select herb fractions with optimum efficacy,followed by an in vitro experiment to determine key targets associated with effects of J.amplexicaule extract.The selected fractions were isolated and purified,its components were identified,and the obtained compounds were verified for their effects on NF-κB and i NOS.Finally,effective compounds were administered to rats,their plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated,and quality markers(QMs)reflecting therapeutic activities of J.amplexicaule were confirmed.Results:Trichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions had significant anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic effects.The trichloromethane fraction also reduced BDNF,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,NF-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 levels in the ileum in a rhubarb-induced diarrhea mouse model.Additionally,it inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB transcription and nitric oxide(NO)production in RAW264.7 macrophages,which suppressed i NOS expression.Therefore,the trichloromethane fraction was further investigated.QMs candidate selection identified 17 compounds,and results of in-vitro therapeutic validation indicated that methyl caffeate and isochlorogenic acid B had the strongest anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic activities.After being validated by a UHPLC–MS-MS method,concentrations of these target compounds were accurately determined in the rat plasma and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.Cmax,tmax,and t1/2 were respectively 575.35 ng/mL(2.963 nmol/mL),0.5 h,and 0.45 h for methyl caffeate and 262.03 ng/m L(0.5034 nmol/mL),0.25 h,and 2.03 h for isochlorogenic acid B.Because these candidate compounds exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics,they were considered as QMs of J.amplexicaule.Conclusions:The present study accurately and effectively identified QMs of J.amplexicaule that act as indicators of efficacy and quality.展开更多
Objective To evaluate the effect of 8-epi-kingiside (8-Epik) derived from the buds of Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum (JOG) on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in HepG2 2.2.15 cell line in vitro and duck hepa...Objective To evaluate the effect of 8-epi-kingiside (8-Epik) derived from the buds of Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum (JOG) on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in HepG2 2.2.15 cell line in vitro and duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) replication in ducklings in vivo. Methods The concentration of extracellular hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in cell culture medium was determined by ELISA, respectively. The anti-HBV effects of 8-Epik were also demonstrated in the model of DHBV. 8-Epik was ip given (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, twice daily) to the DHBV-infected ducklings for 10 d. The isotonic saline liquid diet was ip given as negative control and Lamivudine (50 mg/kg, twice daily) was given as positive control. DHBV DNA was measured at days 0 (T0), 5 (T5), 10 (T10), and day 3 after cessation of treatment (P3) by dot blotting. Results 8-Epik effectively blocked HBsAg secretion in HepG2 2.2.15 cells in a dose-dependent manner [IC 50 = (19.4 ± 1.04) μg/mL]. 8-Epik (40 or 80 mg/kg, ip, twice daily) also reduced viremia in DHBV-infected ducks. Conclusion Therefore, 8-Epik is warranted as a potential therapeutic agent for HBV infection.展开更多
Plants are the real basis towards animal life and are also central to people＇s livelihood. The contributions of the plants in performing varied religious celebrations and in other multiple beneficiaries like medicine...Plants are the real basis towards animal life and are also central to people＇s livelihood. The contributions of the plants in performing varied religious celebrations and in other multiple beneficiaries like medicine, human happiness as well as in treating deadly diseases can never be neglected. In treating diseases, the plants and their constituents are better choice than any other synthetic chemical. The nature has been kind enough to provide the human beings with various types of medicinal plants and in the real sense these form the storehouse of curing almost all the ailments. Consequently, most of the drugs which are being used in preparing formulations have their origin and roots in the plants which form the chief natural source of medicines. Even in modern era, the plant-derived drugs are being extensively used, either in their original or semi-synthetic form. It is because their natural phytoconstituents are highly innocuous posing relatively fewer or no side effects. Based upon their observations, analysis and experience, our ancestors used many plants for medicinal purposes and thus their efforts need to be supported by scientific evidence. Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. is one of such important plants. It has been extensively used by the tribes all over India to treat different diseases which mainly include body pains, toothache, stomach ache, ulcers, and sexual impotency. Chemistry of the plant revealed the presence of mainly secoiridoids, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. Not much scientific support was given to the folklore claims for this plant but some of its traditional uses were investigated like spasmolytic, wound healing, antimicrobial, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, antiulcer and antioxidant activities. This article is the review of research works done on the plant Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. to date. As a part of it the local names, morphology, traditional claims, chemistry and pharmacological activities have been discussed.展开更多
文摘Objective:To evaluate in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract of Jasminum humile（J.humile） leaves extract.Method:Methanolic extract of J.humile was evaluated for its antimicrobial activity by using agar well diffusion method & their possible antioxidant assay by two complementary test systems,namely DPPH and hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity.These various antioxidant activities were compared to standard antioxidants such as ascorbic acid for both the tests.Results:In the DPPH & hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity,the IC<sub>50</sub> value of methanol extract was 70.43μg/mL & 60.79μg/mL respectively. Further,the extract showed inhibitory activity for Gram-positive and negative bacteria at different concentrations.The maximum antibacterial activity of extract was exhibited against Staphylococcus aureus（S.aureus） at concentration 50 mg/mL when compared with ciprofloxacin Conclusions:These results clearly indicate that J.humile is effective in scavenging free radicals and has the potential to be a powerful antioxidant.Thus,the results obtained in the present study indicate that J.humile leaves extract could be considered as a potential source of natural antioxidants and that could be used as an effective source against bacterial diseases.
基金We thank Novogene for genome sequencing and assembly.We thank Dr.Feng Cheng for his comments on our manuscript.This work was supported by the Elite Young Scientists Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS),the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program in China and self-raised funds.
文摘Jasminum sambac(jasmine flower),a world-renowned plant appreciated for its exceptional flower fragrance,is of cultural and economic importance.However,the genetic basis of its fragrance is largely unknown.Here,we present the first de novo genome assembly of J.sambac with 550.12 Mb(scaffold N50=40.10 Mb)assembled into 13 pseudochromosomes.Terpene synthase(TPS)genes associated with flower fragrance are considerably amplified in the form of gene clusters through tandem duplications in the genome.Gene clusters within the salicylic acid/benzoic acid/theobromine(SABATH)and benzylalcohol O-acetyltransferase/anthocyanin O-hydroxycinnamoyltransferases/anthranilate N-hydroxycinnamoyl/benzoyltransferase/deacetylvindoline 4-O-acetyltransferase(BAHD)superfamilies were identified to be related to the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoid/benzenoid compounds.Several key genes involved in jasmonate biosynthesis were duplicated,causing an increase in copy numbers.In addition,multi-omics analyses identified various aromatic compounds and many genes involved in fragrance biosynthesis pathways.Furthermore,the roles of JsTPS3 in b-ocimene biosynthesis,as well as JsAOC1 and JsAOS in jasmonic acid biosynthesis,were functionally validated.The genome assembled in this study for J.sambac offers a basic genetic resource for studying floral scent and jasmonate biosynthesis,and provides a foundation for functional genomic research and variety improvements in Jasminum.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31772338)the Basic Scientific Research Business Special Project of Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences(Grant No.0090756100ZX)。
文摘Jasmine(Jasminum sambac Aiton)is a well-known cultivated plant species for its fragrant flowers used in the perfume industry and cosmetics.However,the genetic basis of its floral scent is largely unknown.In this study,using PacBio,Illumina,10×Genomics and highthroughput chromosome conformation capture(Hi-C)sequencing technologies,a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome for J.sambac was obtained,exploiting a double-petal phenotype cultivar‘Shuangbanmoli’(JSSB).The results showed that the final assembled genome of JSSB is 580.33 Mb in size(contig N50=1.05 Mb;scaffold N50=45.07 Mb)with a total of 39618 predicted protein-coding genes.Our analyses revealed that the JSSB genome has undergone an ancient whole-genome duplication(WGD)event at 91.68 million years ago(Mya).It was estimated that J.sambac diverged from the lineage leading to Olea europaea and Osmanthus fragrans about 28.8 Mya.On the basis of a combination of genomic,transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses,a range of floral scent volatiles and genes were identified involved in the benzenoid/phenylpropanoid and terpenoid biosynthesis pathways.The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of its fragrance biosynthesis in jasmine.
基金the open topic grant of Guangxi Key Laboratory for TCM Quality Control Research(Gui Zhong Zhong Kai 201402)Guangxi Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science for financial support.
文摘Objective:To investigate therapeutic mechanism in Jasminum amplexicaule(Oleaceae)and verify its main active component as quality control markers Methods:Established mouse models of diarrhea,intestinal angina,and inflammation were firstly used to select herb fractions with optimum efficacy,followed by an in vitro experiment to determine key targets associated with effects of J.amplexicaule extract.The selected fractions were isolated and purified,its components were identified,and the obtained compounds were verified for their effects on NF-κB and i NOS.Finally,effective compounds were administered to rats,their plasma pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated,and quality markers(QMs)reflecting therapeutic activities of J.amplexicaule were confirmed.Results:Trichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions had significant anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic effects.The trichloromethane fraction also reduced BDNF,p38 MAPK,p-p38 MAPK,NF-κB p65,and p-NF-κB p65 levels in the ileum in a rhubarb-induced diarrhea mouse model.Additionally,it inhibited LPS-induced NF-κB transcription and nitric oxide(NO)production in RAW264.7 macrophages,which suppressed i NOS expression.Therefore,the trichloromethane fraction was further investigated.QMs candidate selection identified 17 compounds,and results of in-vitro therapeutic validation indicated that methyl caffeate and isochlorogenic acid B had the strongest anti-diarrheal,anti-inflammatory,and analgesic activities.After being validated by a UHPLC–MS-MS method,concentrations of these target compounds were accurately determined in the rat plasma and pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.Cmax,tmax,and t1/2 were respectively 575.35 ng/mL(2.963 nmol/mL),0.5 h,and 0.45 h for methyl caffeate and 262.03 ng/m L(0.5034 nmol/mL),0.25 h,and 2.03 h for isochlorogenic acid B.Because these candidate compounds exhibited favorable pharmacokinetics,they were considered as QMs of J.amplexicaule.Conclusions:The present study accurately and effectively identified QMs of J.amplexicaule that act as indicators of efficacy and quality.
基金Nature Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China (C2010001354)
文摘Objective To evaluate the effect of 8-epi-kingiside (8-Epik) derived from the buds of Jasminum officinale var. grandiflorum (JOG) on hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication in HepG2 2.2.15 cell line in vitro and duck hepatitis B virus (DHBV) replication in ducklings in vivo. Methods The concentration of extracellular hepatitis B e antigen and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in cell culture medium was determined by ELISA, respectively. The anti-HBV effects of 8-Epik were also demonstrated in the model of DHBV. 8-Epik was ip given (20, 40, and 80 mg/kg, twice daily) to the DHBV-infected ducklings for 10 d. The isotonic saline liquid diet was ip given as negative control and Lamivudine (50 mg/kg, twice daily) was given as positive control. DHBV DNA was measured at days 0 (T0), 5 (T5), 10 (T10), and day 3 after cessation of treatment (P3) by dot blotting. Results 8-Epik effectively blocked HBsAg secretion in HepG2 2.2.15 cells in a dose-dependent manner [IC 50 = (19.4 ± 1.04) μg/mL]. 8-Epik (40 or 80 mg/kg, ip, twice daily) also reduced viremia in DHBV-infected ducks. Conclusion Therefore, 8-Epik is warranted as a potential therapeutic agent for HBV infection.
文摘Plants are the real basis towards animal life and are also central to people＇s livelihood. The contributions of the plants in performing varied religious celebrations and in other multiple beneficiaries like medicine, human happiness as well as in treating deadly diseases can never be neglected. In treating diseases, the plants and their constituents are better choice than any other synthetic chemical. The nature has been kind enough to provide the human beings with various types of medicinal plants and in the real sense these form the storehouse of curing almost all the ailments. Consequently, most of the drugs which are being used in preparing formulations have their origin and roots in the plants which form the chief natural source of medicines. Even in modern era, the plant-derived drugs are being extensively used, either in their original or semi-synthetic form. It is because their natural phytoconstituents are highly innocuous posing relatively fewer or no side effects. Based upon their observations, analysis and experience, our ancestors used many plants for medicinal purposes and thus their efforts need to be supported by scientific evidence. Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. is one of such important plants. It has been extensively used by the tribes all over India to treat different diseases which mainly include body pains, toothache, stomach ache, ulcers, and sexual impotency. Chemistry of the plant revealed the presence of mainly secoiridoids, terpenoids, flavonoids and tannins. Not much scientific support was given to the folklore claims for this plant but some of its traditional uses were investigated like spasmolytic, wound healing, antimicrobial, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, antiulcer and antioxidant activities. This article is the review of research works done on the plant Jasminum grandiflorum Linn. to date. As a part of it the local names, morphology, traditional claims, chemistry and pharmacological activities have been discussed.
