Differential Privacy Preserving Dynamic Data Release Scheme Based on Jensen-Shannon Divergence

Health monitoring data or the data about infectious diseases such as COVID-19 may need to be constantly updated and dynamically released,but they may contain user's sensitive information.Thus,how to preserve the user's privacy before their release is critically important yet challenging.Differential Privacy(DP)is well-known to provide effective privacy protection,and thus the dynamic DP preserving data release was designed to publish a histogram to meet DP guarantee.Unfortunately,this scheme may result in high cumulative errors and lower the data availability.To address this problem,in this paper,we apply Jensen-Shannon(JS)divergence to design the OPTICS(Ordering Points To Identify The Clustering Structure)scheme.It uses JS divergence to measure the difference between the updated data set at the current release time and private data set at the previous release time.By comparing the difference with a threshold,only when the difference is greater than the threshold,can we apply OPTICS to publish DP protected data sets.Our experimental results show that the absolute errors and average relative errors are significantly lower than those existing works.

Adaptive sampling approach based on Jensen-Shannon divergence for efficient reliability analysis

Extensive studies have been carried out for reliability studies on the basis of the surrogate model,which has the advantage of guaranteeing evaluation accuracy while minimizing the need of calling the real yet complicated performance function.Here,one novel adaptive sampling approach is developed for efficiently estimating the failure probability.First,one innovative active learning function integrating with Jensen-Shannon divergence(JSD)is derived to update the Kriging model by selecting the most suitable sampling point.For improving the efficient property,one trust-region method receives the development for reducing computational burden about the evaluation of active learning function without compromising the accuracy.Furthermore,a termination criterion based on uncertainty function is introduced to achieve better robustness in different situations of failure probability.The developed approach shows two main merits:the newly selected sampling points approach to the area of limit state boundary,and these sampling points have large discreteness.Finally,three case analyses receive the conduction for demonstrating the developed approach s feasibility and performance.Compared with Monte Carlo simulation or other active learning functions,the developed approach has advantages in terms of efficiency,convergence,and accurate when dealing with complex problems.

A NOVEL INTEREST COVERAGE METHOD BASED ON JENSEN-SHANNON DIVERGENCE IN SENSOR NETWORKS

In this paper, the idea of interest coverage is provided to form clusters in sensor network, which mean that the distance among data trends gathered by neighbor sensors is so small that, in some period, those sensors can be clustered, and certain sensor can be used to replace the cluster to form the virtual sensor network topology. In detail, the Jensen-Shannon Divergence (JSD) is used to characterize the distance among different distributions which represent the data trend of sensors. Then, based on JSD, a hierarchical clustering algorithm is provided to form the virtual sensor network topology. Simulation shows that the proposed approach gains more than 50% energy saving than Sta- tistical Aggregation Methods (SAM) which transmitted data gathered by sensor only when the differ- ence among data exceed certain threshold.

Model-Free Ultra-High-Dimensional Feature Screening for Multi-Classified Response Data Based on Weighted Jensen-Shannon Divergence

In ultra-high-dimensional data, it is common for the response variable to be multi-classified. Therefore, this paper proposes a model-free screening method for variables whose response variable is multi-classified from the point of view of introducing Jensen-Shannon divergence to measure the importance of covariates. The idea of the method is to calculate the Jensen-Shannon divergence between the conditional probability distribution of the covariates on a given response variable and the unconditional probability distribution of the covariates, and then use the probabilities of the response variables as weights to calculate the weighted Jensen-Shannon divergence, where a larger weighted Jensen-Shannon divergence means that the covariates are more important. Additionally, we also investigated an adapted version of the method, which is to measure the relationship between the covariates and the response variable using the weighted Jensen-Shannon divergence adjusted by the logarithmic factor of the number of categories when the number of categories in each covariate varies. Then, through both theoretical and simulation experiments, it was demonstrated that the proposed methods have sure screening and ranking consistency properties. Finally, the results from simulation and real-dataset experiments show that in feature screening, the proposed methods investigated are robust in performance and faster in computational speed compared with an existing method.

病理心电信号的Jensen-Shannon divergence分析

目的研究快速区分不同病理心电信号的算法是当前临床医学诊断的研究热点之一。方法本文采用基于Jensen-Shannon divergence的复杂度分析方法,从MIT-BIH标准数据库中提取正常窦性心率、房性早搏、窦性心动过缓信号,分别计算它们的复杂度。结果正常心率信号复杂度最高,窦性心动过缓信号次之,房性早搏最低。方差检验结果表明,此方法得出的3种信号的复杂度具有显著性差异。结论病理心电信号的Jensen-Shannon divergence分析对临床医学检测和诊断房性早搏、窦性心动过缓信号有很好的借鉴意义。

基于Jensen-Shannon Divergence的心电信号复杂度分析

本文采用基于Jensen-Shannon Divergence(JSD)的复杂度分析方法,从MIT-BIH标准数据库中提取正常窦性心率(NSR)、充血性心力衰竭(CHF)和心脏性猝死(SD)信号,分别计算它们的复杂度。结果表明,这三种心电(ECG)信号的复杂度有所不同:NSR信号的复杂度最高,CHF信号次之,SD信号最低。方差检验结果表明,此方法得出的三种ECG信号的复杂度具有显著性差异,对临床医学检测和诊断CHF和SD有很好的借鉴意义。

Genetically-and environmentally-dependent processes drive interspecific and intraspecific divergence in the Chinese relict endemic genus Dipteronia

China is a hotspot of relict plant species that were once widespread throughout the Northern Hemisphere.Recent research has demonstrated that the occurrence of long-term stable refugia in the mountainous regions of central and south-western China allowed their persistence through the late Neogene climate fluctuations.One of these relict lineages is Dipteronia,an oligotypic tree genus with a fossil record extending to the Paleocene.Here,we investigated the genetic variability,demographic dynamics and diversification patterns of the two currently recognized Dipteronia species(Dipteronia sinensis and D.dyeriana).Molecular data were obtained from 45 populations of Dipteronia by genotyping three cpDNA regions,two single copy nuclear genes and 15 simple sequence repeat loci.The genetic study was combined with niche comparison analyses on the environmental space,ecological niche modeling,and landscape connectivity analysis.We found that the two Dipteronia species have highly diverged both in genetic and ecological terms.Despite the incipient speciation processes that can be observed in D.sinensis,the occurrence of long-term stable refugia and,particularly,a dispersal corridor along Daba Shan-west Qinling,likely ensured its genetic and ecological integrity to date.Our study will not only help us to understand how populations of Dipteronia species responded to the tectonic and climatic changes of the Cenozoic,but also provide insight into how Arcto-Tertiary relict plants in East Asia survived,evolved,and diversified.

ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS IN DIVERGENCE FORM WITH DISCONTINUOUS COEFFICIENTS IN DOMAINS WITH CORNERS

We study equations in divergence form with piecewise Cαcoefficients.The domains contain corners and the discontinuity surfaces are attached to the edges of the corners.We obtain piecewise C^(1,α) estimates across the discontinuity surfaces and provide an example to illustrate the issue regarding the regularity at the corners.

Kullback-Leibler Divergence Based ISAC Constellation and Beamforming Design in the Presence of Clutter

Integrated sensing and communication(ISAC)is regarded as a pivotal technology for 6G communication.In this paper,we employ Kullback-Leibler divergence(KLD)as the unified performance metric for ISAC systems and investigate constellation and beamforming design in the presence of clutters.In particular,the constellation design problem is solved via the successive convex approximation(SCA)technique,and the optimal beamforming in terms of sensing KLD is proven to be equivalent to maximizing the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio(SINR)of echo signals.Numerical results demonstrate the tradeoff between sensing and communication performance under different parameter setups.Additionally,the beampattern generated by the proposed algorithm achieves significant clutter suppression and higher SINR of echo signals compared with the conventional scheme.

多体非k积态基于Quantum-Jensen-Shannon-Divergence的关联测度

在量子信息理论中,量子关联是一种极其重要的物理资源。本文利用了Quantum-Jensen-Shannon-Divergence(QJSD)的定义及其性质,获得了多体非k积态基于QJSD的关联测度,并证明了它满足关联测度的必要物理性质,包括非负性、局部酉操作下的不变性、凸性、以及在完全正的保迹线性映射下的压缩性和在局部非相干辅助子系统下的不变性。进一步引进了相对于k体分划的量子信道的概念,记为一致A^((k))信道,并讨论了所定义的关联测度在一致A^((k))信道演化下的影响。

基于随机游走模型和KL-divergence的聚类算法

聚类分析在数据挖掘领域有着广泛的应用,该文提出一个聚类新思路,它不需要任何参数的假设,只基于数据两两之间的相似性。该方法假设数据点之间存在随机游走关系,根据数据相似性构造随机游走过程的转移矩阵,当随机游走过程进入收敛期后,t阶转移矩阵揭示了数据点的分布。用迭代方法寻找最小的KL-divergence来对这些分布聚类。该方法具有严谨的概率理论基础,避免了传统算法需要参数假设、限于局部最优等不足。实验表明,该算法具有较优的聚类效果。

THE DIVERGENCE OF LAGRANGE INTERPOLATION IN EQUIDISTANT NODES

It is a classical result of Bernstein that the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials to \x\ at e-qually spaced nodes in [-1.1] diverges everywhere. except at zero and the end-points. In this paper we show that the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials corresponding to the functions which possess better smoothness on equidistant nodes in [-1.1] still diverges every -where in the interval except at zero and the end-points.

Tunable 3D Nanofiber Architecture of Polycaprolactone by Divergence Electrospinning for Potential Tissue Engineering Applications

The creation of biomimetic cell environments with micro and nanoscale topographical features resembling native tissues is critical for tissue engineering. To address this challenge, this study focuses on an innovative electrospinning strategy that adopts a symmetrically divergent electric field to induce rapid self-assembly of aligned polycaprolactone(PCL) nanofibers into a centimeter-scale architecture between separately grounded bevels. The 3D microstructures of the nanofiber scaffolds were characterized through a series of sectioning in both vertical and horizontal directions. PCL/collagen(type I)nanofiber scaffolds with different density gradients were incorporated in sodium alginate hydrogels and subjected to elemental analysis. Human fibroblasts were seeded onto the scaffolds and cultured for 7 days. Our studies showed that the inclination angle of the collector had significant effects on nanofiber attributes, including the mean diameter, density gradient, and alignment gradient. The fiber density and alignment at the peripheral area of the 45°-collector decreased by 21% and 55%, respectively, along the z-axis,while those of the 60°-collector decreased by 71% and 60%, respectively. By altering the geometry of the conductive areas on the collecting bevels, polyhedral and cylindrical scaffolds composed of aligned fibers were directly fabricated. By using a four-bevel collector, the nanofibers formed a matrix of microgrids with a density of 11%. The gradient of nitrogen-to-carbon ratio in the scaffold-incorporated hydrogel was consistent with the nanofiber density gradient. The scaffolds provided biophysical stimuli to facilitate cell adhesion, proliferation, and morphogenesis in 3D.

Genetic variability and divergence studies in pod and seed traits of Pongamia pinnata(L.) Pierre., accessions in Bay Islands

In this study, we assessed the variability in pod, seed traits and oil content of 24 accessions of Pongamia pinnata collected from different parts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The experiment was conducted at the Central Agricultural Research Institute, Port Blair during 2010 to 2011. The variability studies for pod and seed traits revealed that, the accession CPT-6 collected from New Wandoor in South Andaman recorded the maximum values for eight traits viz. pod length （75.51 mm）, pod width （34.62 mm）, pod thickness （17.55 mm）, 100 pod weight （770.33 g）, seed width （21.23 mm）, 100 seed weight （377.00 g）, oil percentage （43.92%） and germination percentage （94.7%）. However, the maximum seed length （26.46 mm） was recorded from CPT 2 and the maximum pod-seed ratio was obtained from CPT 13 and CPT 4 （2.50 and 2.44 respectively）. The phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations were also close to each other for all traits, but the 100 pod and seed weight exhibited higher phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation than the other traits. Estimates of broad sense heritability ranged from 0.30 （for seed length） to 0.95 （pod length） and genetic ad- vance as percent of the mean ranged between 11.66% and 57.40% with seed length giving the lowest value and 100 pod weight giving the high- est value. Both the phenotypic and genotypic correlation between pod length, pod width, pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width and 100 seed weight and between pod thickness, 100 pod weight, seed width, 100 seed weight and germination percentage were found to be strong. On the basis of non hierarchical Euclidian cluster analysis, 24 accessions were grouped into six clusters. The maximum numbers of seven accessions were included in cluster VI. The maximum intra cluster distance （10.238）shown by cluster VI and the maximum inter cluster distance （17.021） between V and HI followed by III and II （15.942）. Among the six clus- ters formed the cluster III recorded maximum oil percentage, 100 pod weight, 100 seed ,weight, pod length, pod thickness, pod width, seed width and. germination percentage, while cluster V recorded maximum pod seed ratio and germination percentage. The present findings suggest that the crossing between accessions of cluster V and cluster III will result in a wide spectrum of variability in subsequent generations.

THE DIVERGENCE OF LAGRANGE INTERPOLATION FOR |x|~α(2<α<4) AT EQUIDISTANT NODES

It is a classical result of Bernstein that the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polumomials to ｜x｜ at equally spaced nodes in [-1, 1] diverges everywhere, except at zero and the end-points. In the present paper, toe prove that the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials corresponding to ｜x｜^α （2 〈 α 〈 4） on equidistant nodes in [-1, 1] diverges everywhere, except at zero and the end-points.

Experimental Study on the Effects of Magnetic Field Configuration near the Channel Exit on the Plume Divergence of Hall Thrusters

Experimental investigations into the effects of the magnetic field configuration near the channel exit on the plume of Hall thrusters were conducted. The magnetic field configuration near the channel exit is characterized by the inclination angle between the magnetic field lines and the thruster radial direction. Different inclination angles were obtained by varying the current ratio in the coils. The plume divergence angles were measured by a dual-directed probe. The results showed that the plume divergence angle increased obviously with the increase in the magnitude of the inclination angle near the channel exit. Therefore, in order to optimize the magnetic field for reducing plume divergence, the magnitude of the inclination angle should be reduced as much as possible. It suggests that the magnetic field configuration near the channel exit is another important factor that affects plume divergence.

New Evidence for Improving Omega Estimation by Explicitly Considering Horizontal Divergence

It is well known that the quasi-geostrophic （QG） omega equation with only two contributors respectively associated with vorticity advection （VA） and temperature advection is derived for midlatitude synoptic-scale systems only.Based on reliable reanalysis data,new evidence revealed by cyclonic and anticyclonic cases indicates that forecasters might sometimes experience problems by paying too much attention to the 500-hPa VA when estimating vertical motions not only in subtropical systems but also in systems meeting all the assumptions of the QG omega equation.Our investigations also showed that explicitly considering the vertical profiles of horizontal divergence could allow for better interpretation of vertical motions and weather in these real cases,suggesting that this equation might not be sufficient due to the presence of only two horizontaldivergence-related （HDR） mechanisms and the absence of other HDR mechanisms,e.g.,frictional force,mountain barriers,diabatic/adiabatic processes,and acceleration/deceleration of air flows.

THE DIVERGENCE OF LAGRANGE INTERPOLATION FOR |x|~a

This paper shows that the sequence of Lagrange interpolation polynomials corresponding to the rune tion f（z） =｜x｜^α（1〈α〈2） on [-1,1] can diverge everywhere in the interval except at zero and the end-points.

Sexual Dimorphism of Head Size in Phrynocephalus przewalskii: Testing the Food Niche Divergence Hypothesis

Sexual size dimorphism （SSD） is a general phenomenon in lizards, and can evolve through sexual selection or natural selection. But natural selection, which was thought to operate mainly through reducing the competition be- tween the two sexes （niche divergence hypothesis）, gave rise to a lot of controversy. We tested the niche divergence hypothesis in the toad-headed lizard Phrynocephalus przewalskii by comparing diet composition and prey sizes between males and females. The species was found to be sexual dimorphic, with males having relatively larger snout-vent length, head width, head length, and tail length, while females have relatively larger abdomen length. Based on analysis of 93 studied stomachs, a total of 1359 prey items were identified. The most common prey items were formicid, lygaeid and tenebrionid. The two sexes did not differ in the relative proportions of prey size categories they consumed and the dietary overlap based on prey species was high （O = 0.989）. In addition, the meal size, the volume or any maximal dimension of the largest prey item in the stomach was not explained by the sexes. According to our results, food niche divergence might not play an important role in the SSD evolution ofP. przewalskii.