卡洛特水电站是“中巴经济走廊”首个水电投资项目,位于巴基斯坦境内吉拉姆河流域。在该电站的工程水文设计过程中,除了收集流域内水文站长系列观测资料外,还结合项目实际需求,开展了大量的水文外业工作,在工程河段设置了专用水文(位)...卡洛特水电站是“中巴经济走廊”首个水电投资项目,位于巴基斯坦境内吉拉姆河流域。在该电站的工程水文设计过程中,除了收集流域内水文站长系列观测资料外,还结合项目实际需求,开展了大量的水文外业工作,在工程河段设置了专用水文(位)站观测水位、流量,开展了水下地形测量,实施了泥沙取样和实验室分析等,为工程水文设计提供了可靠的基础信息。调查表明:卡洛特坝址多年平均流量819 m 3/s,径流量258.3亿m 3,5000 a一遇校核洪水29600 m 3/s,多年平均输沙量3812万t。一系列水文成果为工程规模、工程布置、机电选型等专业设计提供了有效的设计输入,也可为巴基斯坦境内河流规划、水电开发等工作提供技术参考。展开更多
Many studies such as climate variability, climate change, trend analysis, hydrological designs, agriculture decision-making etc. require long-term homogeneous datasets. Since homogeneous climate data is not available ...Many studies such as climate variability, climate change, trend analysis, hydrological designs, agriculture decision-making etc. require long-term homogeneous datasets. Since homogeneous climate data is not available for climate analysis in Pakistan and India, the present study emphases on an extensive quality control and homogenization of daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation data in the Jhelum River basin, Pakistan and India. A combination of different quality control methods and relative homogeneity tests were applied to achieve the objective of the study. To check the improvement after homogenization, correlation coefficients between the test and reference series calculated before and after the homogenization process were compared with each other. It was found that about 0.59%, 0.78% and 0.023% of the total data values are detected as outliers in maximum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation data, respectively. About 32% of maximum temperature, 50% of minimum temperature and 7% of precipitation time series were inhomogeneous, in the Jhelum River basin. After the quality control and homogenization, 1% to 11% improvement was observed in the infected climate variables. This study concludes that precipitation daily time series are fairly homogeneous, except two stations （Naran and Gulmarg）, and of a good quality. However, maximum and minimum temperature datasets require an extensive quality control and homogeneity check before using them into climate analysis in the Jhelum River basin.展开更多
文摘卡洛特水电站是“中巴经济走廊”首个水电投资项目,位于巴基斯坦境内吉拉姆河流域。在该电站的工程水文设计过程中,除了收集流域内水文站长系列观测资料外,还结合项目实际需求,开展了大量的水文外业工作,在工程河段设置了专用水文(位)站观测水位、流量,开展了水下地形测量,实施了泥沙取样和实验室分析等,为工程水文设计提供了可靠的基础信息。调查表明:卡洛特坝址多年平均流量819 m 3/s,径流量258.3亿m 3,5000 a一遇校核洪水29600 m 3/s,多年平均输沙量3812万t。一系列水文成果为工程规模、工程布置、机电选型等专业设计提供了有效的设计输入,也可为巴基斯坦境内河流规划、水电开发等工作提供技术参考。
基金National Natural Sciences Foundation of China,No.41471463President’s International Fellowship Initiative CAS
文摘Many studies such as climate variability, climate change, trend analysis, hydrological designs, agriculture decision-making etc. require long-term homogeneous datasets. Since homogeneous climate data is not available for climate analysis in Pakistan and India, the present study emphases on an extensive quality control and homogenization of daily maximum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation data in the Jhelum River basin, Pakistan and India. A combination of different quality control methods and relative homogeneity tests were applied to achieve the objective of the study. To check the improvement after homogenization, correlation coefficients between the test and reference series calculated before and after the homogenization process were compared with each other. It was found that about 0.59%, 0.78% and 0.023% of the total data values are detected as outliers in maximum temperature, minimum temperature and precipitation data, respectively. About 32% of maximum temperature, 50% of minimum temperature and 7% of precipitation time series were inhomogeneous, in the Jhelum River basin. After the quality control and homogenization, 1% to 11% improvement was observed in the infected climate variables. This study concludes that precipitation daily time series are fairly homogeneous, except two stations （Naran and Gulmarg）, and of a good quality. However, maximum and minimum temperature datasets require an extensive quality control and homogeneity check before using them into climate analysis in the Jhelum River basin.
