By identifying the dates of the Zhouji materials (one kind of oracle bone) during the period of King Xin (also called Zhou the last monarch in Shang Dynasty), this paper establishes a new 'Direct Solving Method...By identifying the dates of the Zhouji materials (one kind of oracle bone) during the period of King Xin (also called Zhou the last monarch in Shang Dynasty), this paper establishes a new 'Direct Solving Method' (DSM) to solve the chronology problems in the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The mathematical models are more suitable for those materials with the Ganzhi (the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, the Chinese ancient date recorded method being of the 60-day cycle, that the repetitive cycle is independent of any astronomical parameter, each day within this cycle has its own name and can also be expressed by the numbers from 1 to 60) record of the date, lunar month, and their year intervals and all of them are in history documents, oracle bones and bronze vessels. For example, taking the 12 Zhouji materials in the period of King Xin, we derive the two best results of the first year when Xin assumed the reins of government in probably 1063 BC or 1052 BC.展开更多
Based on the analyses to the assemblages,types and decorative patterns,the bronze Jue-cup and Jia-pitcher with animal mask designs unearthed at Tongling City could be dated as the late phase of Erligang Culture;the Di...Based on the analyses to the assemblages,types and decorative patterns,the bronze Jue-cup and Jia-pitcher with animal mask designs unearthed at Tongling City could be dated as the late phase of Erligang Culture;the Ding-tripod with "cloud pattern" and conical legs unearthed at Langxi County could be dated as the late phase of Erligang Culture to the early phase of Yinxu Period;the Yan-steamers with animal mask pattern unearthed at Shexian and Fanchang Counties and Tongling City and the Lei-vessel with scroll pattern unearthed at Dongzhi County could be dated as the lat phase of Yinxu Period to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.The sequential discoveries of bronzes with features of the Central Plains and from the Erlitou Culture to Yinxu Period in the region between the Huai and the Yangtze Rivers may figure out the outlined southward advancing route of the Xia and Shang Civilizations from the Central Plains to the Yangtze River Valley;the location for them to cross the Yangtze River would have been at along the bank through Wangjiang,Congyang and Wuwei Counties,Dongzhi,Guichi,Tongling and Fanchang to the south of which across the Yangtze River were just the core area of the copper mines in the southern Anhui.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Xia-Shang-Zhou Chronology Project.
文摘By identifying the dates of the Zhouji materials (one kind of oracle bone) during the period of King Xin (also called Zhou the last monarch in Shang Dynasty), this paper establishes a new 'Direct Solving Method' (DSM) to solve the chronology problems in the Shang and Zhou dynasties. The mathematical models are more suitable for those materials with the Ganzhi (the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches, the Chinese ancient date recorded method being of the 60-day cycle, that the repetitive cycle is independent of any astronomical parameter, each day within this cycle has its own name and can also be expressed by the numbers from 1 to 60) record of the date, lunar month, and their year intervals and all of them are in history documents, oracle bones and bronze vessels. For example, taking the 12 Zhouji materials in the period of King Xin, we derive the two best results of the first year when Xin assumed the reins of government in probably 1063 BC or 1052 BC.
文摘Based on the analyses to the assemblages,types and decorative patterns,the bronze Jue-cup and Jia-pitcher with animal mask designs unearthed at Tongling City could be dated as the late phase of Erligang Culture;the Ding-tripod with "cloud pattern" and conical legs unearthed at Langxi County could be dated as the late phase of Erligang Culture to the early phase of Yinxu Period;the Yan-steamers with animal mask pattern unearthed at Shexian and Fanchang Counties and Tongling City and the Lei-vessel with scroll pattern unearthed at Dongzhi County could be dated as the lat phase of Yinxu Period to the early Western Zhou Dynasty.The sequential discoveries of bronzes with features of the Central Plains and from the Erlitou Culture to Yinxu Period in the region between the Huai and the Yangtze Rivers may figure out the outlined southward advancing route of the Xia and Shang Civilizations from the Central Plains to the Yangtze River Valley;the location for them to cross the Yangtze River would have been at along the bank through Wangjiang,Congyang and Wuwei Counties,Dongzhi,Guichi,Tongling and Fanchang to the south of which across the Yangtze River were just the core area of the copper mines in the southern Anhui.
