Annual Discharge and Sediment Load Variation in Jialing River During the Past 50 Years

Annual discharge and annual suspended sediment loads of Beipei Hydrological Station of the Jialing River catchment were analyzed to describe the trend of Jialing River over the last five decades (1956-2006). These loads were also analyzed to ascertain the influential factors associated with its variation with the help of Kendall's Tau-b correlation analysis and regression analysis. The results indicated that the Jialing River annual discharge showed no significant trend at >95% confidence level while the annual sediment load appeared to have a significant decrease trend over the last 50 years. A decrease in the annual sediment load was particularly apparent after the year 1985, at which a substantial shift in the sediment level occurred. This shift is attributed to the construction of numerous dams in 1980s. However, after the year of 1985, two periodical stages (1986-1991 and 1992-2006) with distinct sediment load and sediment-runoff ratio were identified. The period 1992-2006 is characterised by low sediment load, which is most probably due to the impact of large scale of soil and water conservation, which took place at the end of the 1980s. Last, models describing the relationship between the discharge and the sediment load, discharge and sediment-runoff ratio as well as between the sediment load and sediment-runoff ratio were constructed.

Distribution and characterizing sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of surface water from Jialing River

Sixteen priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs) in surface water samples were analyzed by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS) to study their distribution and characterizing sources.The water samples were collected from five sites(J1-J5) in the Jialing River of Chongqing downtown area from September 2009 to August 2010.The results demonstrate that the concentration of total PAHs in three samples upstream are relatively higher than those in other two sites downstream,with average concentration of total PAHs for each site ranging from 811.5 ng/L to 1585.8 ng/L.The 2,3 and 4-ring PAHs for sampling stations account for 13.0%,56.6% and 28.6%,respectively,in total PAHs.There are obvious tendencies of seasonal change for PAHs concentration in surface water.The PAHs concentration in April of wet season is 1 301.6 ng/L,which is 1.3 times the lowest amount of total PAHs in August of flood season.Ratios of specific PAH compounds were used to characterize the possible pollution sources.Experimental results indicate that the PAHs in surface water samples are primarily from pyrolytic PAHs because of factories along these sites,while the direct leakage of petroleum products may be significant for two sites,Jiahua Bridge(J4) and Huanghuayuan Bridge(J5),because of the wharf boat nearby.

Assessment of Climate Change’s Impacts on River Flows in the Songwe Sub-Basin

River flow in the Songwe sub-basin is predicted to alter due to climate change, which would have an impact on aquatic habitats, infrastructure, and people’s way of life. Therefore, the influence of climate change should be taken into account when making decisions about the sustainable management of water resources in the sub-basin. This study looked into how river discharge would react to climate change in the future. By contrasting hydrological characteristics simulated under historical climate (1981-2010) with projected climate (2011-2040, 2041-2070, and 2071-2100) under two emission scenarios, the effects of climate change on river flow were evaluated (RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5). The ensemble average of four CORDEX regional climate models was built to address the issue of uncertainty introduced by the climate models. The SWAT model was force-calibrated using the results from the generated ensemble average for the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios in order to mimic the river flow during past (1981-2010) and future (2011-2100) events. The increase in river flows for the Songwe sub-basin is predicted to be largest during the rainy season by both the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios. Under RCP 8.5, the abrupt decrease in river flow is anticipated to reach its maximum in March 2037, when the discharge will be 44.84 m3/sec, and in March 2027, when the discharge will be 48 m3/sec. The extreme surge in river flow will peak, according to the RCA4, in February 2023, in April 2083 under RCP 4.5, and, according to the CCLM4 and RCA4, in November 2027 and November 2046, respectively. The expected decrease and increase in river flow throughout both the dry and wet seasons may have an impact on the management of the sub-water basin’s resources, biodiversity, and hydraulic structures. The right adaptations and mitigation strategies should be adopted in order to lessen the negative consequences of climate change on precipitation, temperature, and river flow in the sub-basin.

Impacts of Soil-Water Conservation in Jialing River on Sedimentation of the Three Gorges Reservoir

The Jialing River is one of the main tributaries of the Yangtze River. The average annual runoff accounts for 16 % and the sediment load 26% of the total at Yichang therefore it＇s one of the main contributors of sediment to the Three Gorges Reservoir. Ever since 1989, our country has implemented ＂Yangtze River soil and water conservation＂ project, Till the end of 1996, altogether 25.8 % of erosion area in Jialing River has been improved after large scale conservation has taken effect. The analysis and comparison between records taken before and after the implementation of soil and water conservation on runoff and sediment yield indicated that the sediment load soil erosion in Jialing river basin has been taken under control to some extent. Amount of annual runoff in main conservations have generally dropped by exponential function. Obvious result has been achieved in Jialing River, efficiency of sand reduction is about 10%-25%. Therefore, sediment to Three Gorges Reservoir is decreased accordingly, and it will be beneficial to take advantage of reser- voir＇s synthetic benefit.

Algal community composition and abundance near the confluence of the Jialing and Yangtze Rivers and in Shuanglong Lake in Chongqing,P.R.China

To understand the potential impact of the Three Gorges Reservoir on the aquatic ecosystem after the damming of the Yangtze River,we studied the community composition and temporal abundance distribution of algae in two types of water bodies:a segment of the Jialing River near its confluence with the Yangtze River as an example of the river-lake type,and Shuanglong Lake in Chongqing as an example of the lake type.In total,107 species belonging to 58 genera of 7 phyla were identified in the study area of the Jialing River,dominated by three groups with 49.5% diatoms,29.0% chlorophytes,and 11.4% cyanobacteria in the community composition.There were 122 species belonging to 66 genera of 8 phyla in Shuanglong Lake,dominated by the same three groups with 19.7% diatoms,48.4% chlorophytes,and 22.2% cyanobacteria.The densities of total algae and individual dominant groups were all much higher in the lake.More species of diatoms were found in the river-lake segment;whereas more chlorophyte species and cyanobacteriaum species were in the lake.There were 17 dominant species including 8 diatoms,4 chlorophytes,3 cyanobacteria and 2 cryptophytes in the river-lake segment,and 21 species in the lake,including 2 diatoms,9 chlorophytes,6 cyanobacteria,3 cryptophytes and a dinoflagellate.In eutrophic conditions,chlorophytes and cyanobacteria may proliferate in a lake-type area and diatoms may cause algal bloom in a relatively faster-flow lake-river type area.

Identification and Evolution of Groundwater Chemistry in the Ejin Sub-Basin of the Heihe River, Northwest China

Hydro-chemical characteristics of groundwater and their changes as affected by human activities were studied in the Ejin Sub-Basin of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, to understand the groundwater evolution, to identify the predominant geochemical processes taking place along the horizontal groundwater flow path, and to characterize anthropogenic factors affecting the groundwater environment based on previous data. The concentrations of major ions and total dissolved solids （TDS） in the groundwater showed a great variation, with 62.5% of the samples being brackish （TDS ≥ 1 000 mg L^-l）. The groundwater system showed a gradual hydro-chemical zonation composed of Na^＋ -HCO3^-, Na^＋ -Mg^2＋ -SO4 ^2 -Cl^-, and Na^＋ -Cl^-. The relationships among the dissolved species allowed identification of the origin of solutes and the processes that generated the observed water compositions. The dissolution of halite, dolomite, and 2- gypsum explained, in part, the presence of Na^＋, K^＋, Cl^-, SO^4 , and Ca^2＋, but other processes, such as mixing, Na^＋ exchange for Ca^2＋ and Mg^2＋, and calcite precipitation also contributed to the composition of water. Human activity, in particular large-scale water resources development associated with dramatic population growth in the last 50 years, has led to tremendous changes in the groundwater regime, which reflected in surface water runoff change, decline of groundwater table and degeneration of surface water and groundwater quality. Solving these largely anthropogenic problems requires concerted, massive and long-term efforts.

Analysis of Urbanization Based on Center-of-gravity Movement and Characteristics in Songhua River Basin of China and its Southern Source Sub-basin between 1990 and 2010

Urbanization in modern times led to a series of development strategies that brought new opportunities in China. Rapid urbanization caused severe stress to the ecosystems and the environment. Using the center-of-gravity(COG) method and parameters such as population, economy, and land, we studied the urbanization pattern in Songhua River Basin and its southern source sub-basin from 1990 to 2010. Urbanization was analyzed based on the COG position, eccentric distance, movement direction of COG, and distance of COG movement. Various characteristics of urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River were explained in relation to the whole Songhua River Basin. Urbanization in the southern source sub-basin of the Songhua River is balanced, relatively advanced, and stable compared to the whole Songhua River Basin. The average eccentric distance between the urbanization COGs in the Songhua River′s south source basin indicated rapid expansion of land urbanization during the span of this study. A basic pattern of urbanization COG in the whole Songhua Basin was observed, but there existed differences among the three aspects of urbanization process. Land urbanization is still in its active stage, so future studies should focus on analysis of such urbanization trends.

岷沱江、嘉陵江流域致宜昌大洪水暴雨过程的特征及天气成因

为揭示岷沱江、嘉陵江流域致大洪水暴雨过程的天气成因及宜昌控制站雨洪规律,加深对宜昌站大洪水发生发展机制的研究,基于NCEP/NCAR再分析资料及常规气象水文观测资料,采用统计学、天气学等方法分析研究了1980—2020年发生在岷沱江、嘉陵江流域的19例致洪暴雨过程特征、雨洪关系、致洪暴雨源地及下垫面特征、天气系统配置等。结果表明:宜昌作为长江流域主要控制站,当前期起始入库流量达到19000 m^(3)·s^(-1)以上,且刚好遭遇连续性暴雨过程,则发生大洪水概率会显著提高。从岷沱江或嘉陵江的连续性暴雨过程开始至洪峰产生所需时长平均在6 d左右。暴雨持续时间和累计面雨量与洪峰有较好的对应关系,每次大洪水的形成都需要一次持续3 d以上的暴雨过程,多数在4~6 d。大洪水过程全部发生在7—9月。致洪暴雨过程以准静止类雨带为主,其次是东移类和转向类。89%的过程雨带呈东北—西南向的带状分布。强降水中心源地与特殊地形关系密切,主要分布于3处:岷江下游与青衣江交汇处,转向类降水多发;嘉陵江中下游、涪江流域及渠江流域,多以准静止类为主;涪江中游及渠江流域北部,东移类暴雨过程多发。孟加拉湾热带低压系统的存在对上游产生连续性暴雨至关重要,其次是南海地区的低值系统,两者参与过程占比达68%。低压系统不仅为岷沱江、嘉陵江流域带来充足能量和水汽,其东侧水汽的卷入容易在岷沱江、嘉陵江流域触发低涡,再配合特殊地形,产生强的上升运动。降水过程分为准静止持续性降水和移动性持续降水2类。易发大洪水的天气概念模型有3类:Ⅰ型为西太平洋副热带高压边缘、西风短波东移触发暴雨型,Ⅱ型为青藏高原低值系统东移触发暴雨型,Ⅲ型为低层偏东气流暴雨型。

嘉陵江源鱼类群落结构特征与环境因子的关系

为进一步了解和掌握嘉陵江源头水域鱼类群落变化特征,本研究于2019年在嘉陵江源头水域开展了春夏两季的鱼类调查工作。结果显示:两次调查共采集到鱼类19种,分属2目6科,其中鲤科10种,鳅科5种,平鳍鳅科、鳍科、鲇科和鲿科各1种;嘉陵江源干流和支流小峪河鱼类群落优势度指数较高,各河段优势种以鲤科鱼类为主。物种多样性分析结果显示,调查河流鱼类多样性指数(H′)、均匀度指数(J)和丰富度指数(D)的变化范围分别为1.36~2.06、0.59~0.73和1.52~2.63,嘉陵江源干流河段和小峪河鱼类多样性指数和均匀度指数高于其他河流,而安河鱼类丰富度指数最高;与嘉陵江源历史记载相比,鱼类群落结构为中等相似。鱼类群落稳定性分析结果表明,除小峪河鱼类群落较为稳定外,其余河段鱼类群落均受到了不同程度的扰动。冗余分析(RDA)结果显示,河道曲折系数是影响调查区域内优势鳍种分布的主要环境因子。

曲流水电开发背景下青居江心洲形态特征演变

嘉陵江青居曲流水电开发对下游青居江心洲产生了较大影响。为探明江心洲变化特征及其机理,以青居江心洲1977—2023年Landsat历史遥感影像为基础,提取青居水电站运行前后的江心洲矢量边界数据,并结合实地勘测,对江心洲面积、岸线距离变化等指标进行定量分析,并运用M-K趋势统计法,探讨水电开发前后青居江心洲的形态演变特征。结果表明:水电开发之前青居江心洲呈现动态波动变化的特点,总体呈增大趋势;水电运行之后,青居江心洲受到的侵蚀程度逐渐加剧,呈现面积下降、岸线后退趋势,但江心洲不同方位受到的冲淤情况不同。

嘉陵江沿线古城“山-水-城”景观特征研究

嘉陵江是长江水系中第二大支流,空间上连接南北丝绸之路,是巴蜀地区重要的文化廊道。在典型山地曲流环境中,其沿线古城蕴含了丰富的山水营建智慧。从自然环境、文化环境、行政建制三方面梳理了嘉陵江沿线古城的形成基础,并以上、中、下游8个古城为例,通过历史文献系统梳理及结合GIS平台的历史地图空间转译,提炼其“山-水-城”景观特征。具体为“宏观格局把控”方面“巴蜀要冲,控扼形胜”的城市选址、“襟江带河,群山四望”的山水格局、“江山聚结,生气聚集”的风水脉络;“中微观空间结构塑造”方面“迎山接水,不拘一格”的城市空间结构、“依形江山,因地制宜”的城市功能营建;以及“沿江山集群,南北人文关联”的“跨尺度风景审美经营”等在地特征,以期为巴蜀文化遗产保护与传承、西南山地宜居城乡建设提供参考。

基于景观生态风险评价的景观格局优化研究——以嘉陵江流域为例

为了促进嘉陵江流域生态系统的健康发展,采用空间主成分分析法、加权叠加分析法和最小累积阻力模型对流域景观生态风险进行了研究.结果表明:嘉陵江流域高与较高生态风险区主要位于嘉陵江流域上游局部地区,中、下游的西南部地区.遴选出22个生态源地、构建出15条生态廊道、辨识出17个生态节点,形成点—线—面多层次生态网络优化格局;对比嘉陵江流域景观格局优化前后的连通性指数发现,优化后的整体景观连通性提高了87.35%.建议该区域在今后的建设中,应加强生态源地的保护、生态廊道及生态节点的建设以形成稳定的、物种丰富的生态系统.

基于Copula函数的嘉陵江流域水沙丰枯遭遇关系探究

为了深入了解嘉陵江水沙关系的变化规律。基于嘉陵江出口北碚水文站1965-2022年的年径流量和年输沙量资料,利用Mann-Kendall检验法、双累积曲线法并结合物理成因法诊断水沙关系的变异点,通过AIC、BIC、RMSE对径流量和输沙量的边缘分布函数和Copula函数进行优选,确定最优Copula函数并建立嘉陵江流域水沙联合分布模型,运用模型对流域内水沙丰枯遭遇概率、联合和同现重现期进行计算,进而对比分析水沙单变量和联合变量设计值。结果表明:①水沙关系在1989年发生突变,变异前的水沙相关性强于变异后的水沙相关性;②1965-1989年阶段水沙序列最优边缘分布都为Logn,最优水沙联合分布模型为Gumbel Copula模型。1990-2022年阶段径流量和输沙量的最优边缘分布分别为Gamma、GP,最优水沙联合分布模型为Frank Copula模型;③2个阶段水沙序列同步概率分别是59.77%、61.14%,均大于异步概率,且出现极端情况“水丰沙枯”、“水枯沙丰”类型的概率极低,表明水沙概率存在较大的相关性,来水来沙条件相对稳定;④联合变量设计值大于单变量设计值,通过两变量联合分布计算的径流量和输沙量设计值更加可靠。水沙联合重现期集中在2年附近,同现重现期绝大部分小于50年。通过探讨嘉陵江流域来水来沙联合变化特征,可为流域的水沙调控、防灾减灾等工作提供参考。

嘉陵江四川段平水期CH_(4)、CO_(2)排放通量空间分布特征及影响因素

河流是陆地生态系统中内陆水域温室气体的重要排放源。以嘉陵江四川段为研究对象,于2021年10月采集表层水样,运用改良顶空法采集表层水体溶存的CH_(4)、CO_(2),分析了研究区域平水期CH_(4)、CO_(2)溶存浓度与排放通量的空间分布特征,并探究水体理化性质和土地利用类型对温室气体排放的响应。结果表明,嘉陵江四川段人类活动主导了水质变化特征,城市和农业活动是氮素和磷素沿河流方向累积的重要原因。表层水体中CH_(4)和CO_(2)浓度分别为(16.87±15.55)nmol·L^(-1)和(836.11±132.68)μmol·L^(-1),排放通量分别为(68.39±81.26)nmol·m^(-2)·d^(-1)和(1596.08±1291.61)μmol·m^(-2)·d^(-1)。CH_(4)、CO_(2)浓度和排放通量具有较大空间异质性,不同土地利用类型条件下,耕地主导河段接收了较多的非点源污染和陆源碳。这些污染物质的输入导致水体理化性质发生改变,影响水生植物和浮游植物生长以及微生物活动,进而给CH_(4)和CO_(2)产生和释放造成影响。总氮(TN)、磷酸盐(PO_(4)^(3-)-P)和耕地面积占比是影响嘉陵江四川段温室气体排放的关键因子,表明温室气体排放不仅受河流生态环境的影响,还受不同土地利用类型条件下人类活动的影响。

嘉陵江流域骤发干旱时空演变特征分析

为探究嘉陵江流域骤发干旱可识别特性与时空演变特征,基于标准化蒸发胁迫比研究了1980—2020年嘉陵江流域骤发干旱的时空分布特征,通过密度聚类算法提取骤发干旱斑块分析了斑块质心的轨迹变化,并探讨了骤发干旱暴发初期气象要素的异常情况。结果表明:流域西北部骤发干旱强度更高且发展速度更快,流域南部骤发干旱持续时间更长;流域骤发干旱事件主要发生在4—11月,且骤发干旱事件的质心主要沿东北和西北方向迁移;嘉陵江流域的骤发干旱主要由高温和降水共同主导。

气候变化对嘉陵江流域水资源和极端水文事件的影响

全球变暖导致降水变率增大,水文波动性增强。嘉陵江水资源丰富,科学预估其未来水资源变化及极端水文事件对支撑经济社会和生态环境平衡发展至关重要。已有研究主要集中于嘉陵江历史径流演变,对气候变化背景下未来流域水资源响应及极端水文事件预估较少。基于第6次国际耦合模式比较计划CMIP6计划的22个气候模式耦合可变下渗容量模型(VIC模型),预估了不同代表性典型浓度路径下嘉陵江流域未来径流变化趋势,分析了极端水文事件强度的未来演变趋势。结果表明:(1)VIC模型在嘉陵江流域的适用性较好,各站点日径流模拟纳什效率系数均大于0.7,多年水量相对误差在8%之内,对极端水文指标年最大洪峰流量和年最大5日洪量模拟较好;(2)流域未来气候变化将以暖湿化为主,2031—2090年降水量相较基准期(1985—2014年)将增加5.5%~13.8%,温升幅度超2℃;(3)未来径流量很可能会增加,在2061—2090年,径流量相较基准期(1985—2014年)将增加7.0%~14.0%;(4)流域未来洪水强度可能增大,在2061—2090年,SSP5-8.5排放情景下基准期年最大洪峰流量与年最大5日洪量50年一遇值的重现期将缩短为10~20年。气候变化将导致流域水循环加快,水文形势不容乐观,需加强水资源综合管理及洪涝风险应对能力。

嘉陵江流域水质综合评价与时空变化分析

嘉陵江是长江上游重要的水源涵养地,由于其水域广,存在农业污染和跨界污染等问题,水质状况不够稳定。为深入分析嘉陵江干流及涪江、渠江两个主要支流的水质变化特征,基于2021年总流域48个水质断面5项水质指标的监测数据,包括溶解氧、高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、总磷、总氮,采用模糊综合评价法、内梅罗指数法、最近邻法分析了流域的水质变化特征。结果表明:①内梅罗指数法评价结果偏劣,最近邻法偏优,模糊评价法能更好地反映各指标对每级水质标准的贡献程度。②流域有38个断面总氮劣于Ⅲ类,有1个断面高锰酸盐指数为Ⅳ类,总氮污染较为严重,高锰酸盐存在超标问题,农业活动是这两个指标超标的重要原因。其余3个指标符合嘉陵江水域功能控制标准;③空间上,干流劣Ⅲ类断面最少,水质相对最优,而涪江最差;且Ⅴ类断面都分布在中下游,流域上游水质优于中下游;④在年内,流域枯水期的劣Ⅲ类断面相比汛期增加3个,枯水期水质相对更差;其中涪江全年水质变化较小,而渠江在7-12月Ⅴ类断面数降低,年内水质有变好的趋势;干流在7-12月Ⅴ类断面数增多,年内水质有变差的趋势。研究成果可为嘉陵江流域的污染治理和水生态修复提供支撑。

嘉陵江总磷通量变化及空间来源解析

研究了2002~2019年嘉陵江北碚断面径流量、悬浮泥沙(SS)浓度与输沙量、磷浓度与通量[分总磷(TP)、溶解态磷(DP)、颗粒态磷(PP)]年际变化及水期特征,基于河流基流分割原理对磷的来源进行了解析.结果表明,(1)2002~2019年,嘉陵江悬浮泥沙浓度和输沙量年际波动巨大,最大年输沙量是最小年输沙量的20倍以上.(2)18a间嘉陵江北碚断面总磷浓度年均值在0.058~0.139mg/L范围内波动,其多年平均值为0.098mg/L.2002~2013年,TP和PP浓度表现为丰水期>平、枯水期,之后有的年份表现为丰水期>平、枯水期,有的年份则表现为丰水期<平、枯水期.(3)18a间DP浓度总体呈先上升(2002~2016年)后下降趋势(2016~2019年),尤以平、枯水期最为显著.(4)18a间TP和PP通量年际波动巨大,TP年通量最大值(2.280万t/a,2005年)是最小值(0.399万t/a,2006年)的6.7倍.水量、沙量、TP通量和PP通量表现为一定程度的“水、沙、磷”同步效应,而且丰水期最强,枯水期最弱.(5)水期之间对比,丰水期TP、PP和DP通量远大于平、枯水期.TP、PP和DP丰水期通量在年度通量中的平均占比分别为73.5%、77.5%和64.9%.(6)面源磷负荷年际波动远大于点源磷负荷,TP总负荷的年际变化趋势取决于面源磷负荷趋势.除2006年外,其他年份面源负荷在总负荷中占绝对优势,按年度计算,面源负荷平均占82.5%,按丰水期计算,面源负荷平均占90.8%.面源年度负荷主要来自于丰水期(平均81.2%).

2010—2020年南充市湿地及其生态系统服务价值变化

湿地生态系统服务价值是湿地生态功能的重要体现,也是进行湿地生态环境保护及可持续利用的基础。本文选取四川省南充市为研究区域,利用30 m空间分辨率土地覆盖数据对南充市2010—2020年的湿地变化进行了分析,同时利用当量因子法对2010年和2020年南充市湿地的生态系统服务价值进行了评估。结果发现:南充市的湿地主要分布在嘉陵江及其支流以及升钟湖、清水湖等国家湿地公园;2010—2020年,南充市的湿地面积净增加约5001 hm^(2),增加的湿地主要来自耕地、林地和草地,湿地生态系统服务价值从78.972亿元提升至81.724亿元。南部县、阆中市、蓬安县是南充市湿地生态系统服务价值的高值区,其生态系统服务价值约占南充市的62%。2010—2020年,南充市湿地生态系统服务价值的增幅仅为3.5%,明显小于湿地面积的增幅(21.6%),生态系统服务价值基数降低是南充市湿地生态系统服务价值增幅较小的原因。今后,南充市要着重提升湿地的生态系统服务价值,特别是要促进湿地文化服务价值的提升;同时也要加强湿地的生态保护和修复工作,挖掘嘉陵江及其沿岸湿地和农村小微湿地的生态系统服务价值。

嘉陵江流域旱涝急转演变规律及其对径流影响研究

针对气象旱涝转换对流域径流影响的问题,基于嘉陵江流域逐日降水量和流量数据,采用长、短周期旱涝急转指数方法,揭示了旱涝急转时空分布特征与演变规律,定量评估了径流变化对不同旱涝急转类型的响应程度。结果表明:1977~2022年,嘉陵江流域共发生了8次汛期旱涝急转事件,其中6次发生在2004年及之后;空间上,南部、中部以及西北部地区发生旱涝急转的频率较大,在17%以上;在月尺度上,6~7月发生旱涝急转的频率最大,超过了20%。当汛期发生涝转旱时,北碚、罗渡溪、武胜以及小河坝等站的前半汛期流量相比常年平均增长了57.52%,38.74%,85.50%和99.73%,后半汛期流量相对常年平均偏低了20.82%,49.83%,22.64%和14.53%;而在旱转涝影响下,上述站点前半汛期流量较常年平均减少了31.17%,45.77%,28.83%和26.16%,后半汛期流量较常年分别增长了31.45%,47.17%,24.31%和3.27%;月尺度上也表现出相似规律,表明旱涝急转对嘉陵江径流有着显著影响。研究成果可为梯级水库科学调度、流域水安全保障提供参考。