高中英语读后续写WRITER教学模式构建研究

新高考实施以来,读后续写成为英语科目的新题型,高中英语教师正在积极探索针对读后续写题的教学模式。然而,对于读后续写题,教师尚未构建系统、有效的教学模式,学生也尚未掌握较好的学习策略。在高中英语课堂教学中,教师可以采取读后续写WRITER教学模式,以学生的自主提问驱动读后续写,从而提升学生的思维品质和英语读后续写能力。

The Importance of Professional Training for Test Writers

The purpose of this essay was to explore the importance of professional training for test writers and teachers as well.Since both testing and teaching are so closely interrelated that it's impossible to work in either field without being constantly concerned with the other. Test writers need professional training to keep pace with emergence of new views of language teaching practice and the rapid change of social life, in order to make testing more authentic and more valid.

Readers/Writers问题的拓展研究及其P/V操作的实现

阐述了操作系统中读者—写者这个经典进程同步问题,首次提出了该问题的三种算法分析,重点探讨了用P/V操作实现该问题中公平竞争算法的方法,并给出了相应的算法分析及其与读者优先算法和写者优先算法的比较。

Reflections on Language Testing——From the Perspective of Professional Training for Test Writers

This paper aims to talk about the superficial reflections on language testing from the perspective of professional training for test writers,to qualify test writers with basic testing theories,to make the test valid and reliable,to help improve educational reform and language teaching,to fully conform to the standards set by syllabus.

On the Challenges Imposed on the Language Test Writers

Assessment in the classroom,whether informal,formative,or summative,has been the major source of identifying students’ strengths and weaknesses in learning a foreign language. The article tries to rationalize the current test writers training programs by elaborating on the importance of testing and assessing from the perspectives of the criteria of qualified testing system and the qualifications of test writers which reversely turns to be the challenges imposed on the language test writers.

Cultural Identity on Afro- American Women Writers

Afro- American Women were once a social minority and the weaker gender in American society. Through the endeavor of a group of Afro- American women writers,they have achieved a great success for the cultural identity by concluding their own social experience into works in recent decades. This paper reviews the cultural identity built by Afro- American black women writers and introduces its historical reasons,works,and historical significance. By doing this,we stand to gain insights into the American women writers and find their great contributions to their cultural identity in American culture.

Comment on Two American Writers and Their Works

Wil1iam Bradford’s of Playmouth PlantationIt has been nearly five hundred years sinca America was discovered. But American litera-ture did not began to develop until the colonial period when the English began to settle on thenorth Amerincan continent in the early part of the seventeenth century. Colonial

Re- Thinking Classic Marxist Writers＇ Explications on Nationalism： on the ＂Difficult Dialogue between Marxism and Nationalism＂

Both Marxism and nationalism are among the most far-reaching thoughts in modern times.On dealing the ideological collision between Marxism and nationalism, "Difficult Dialogue" universally exists in the academic circle.Many scholars evaded,ridiculed or even negated classic Marxist writers' explications on nationalism.Though basically,classic Marxist writers criticize nationalism,it doesn' t mean that Marxism and nationalism inevitably oppose to each other.It is highly necessary to analyze the causes of the "difficult dialogue between Marxism and nationalism" and re-thinking classic Marxist writers' explications on nationalism.

A Revision Model in Writing for Novice Writers with a Focus on Audience and Feedback

Revision is a complex,yet important phase in writing to improve the quality of a text.Some revision models are created to explain its components and the ways these components work.However,analysis of available models shows that they are proposed mainly for expert writers,who can complete the complex revision process individually,without the need of support or feedback.Most of the available revision models also do not include audience as a component.Therefore,the purpose of this paper is to introduce an alternative revision model for novice writers at or higher than highschool level with a focus on audience and feedback.First,the definition of revision is made,which is followed by summaries of the importance of audience and feedback in writing.Second,available revision models in literature that serves as the basis of the alternative model are reviewed.Finally,the alternative revision model is introduced with its components and the way these components work is explained.The revision model presented in this paper will contribute to literature on writing by filling the gap in revision models by proposing a model for novice writers and highlighting the importance of audience and feedback.

Supervised Feature Learning for Offline Writer Identification Using VLAD and Double Power Normalization

As an indispensable part of identity authentication,offline writer identification plays a notable role in biology,forensics,and historical document analysis.However,identifying handwriting efficiently,stably,and quickly is still challenging due to the method of extracting and processing handwriting features.In this paper,we propose an efficient system to identify writers through handwritten images,which integrates local and global features from similar handwritten images.The local features are modeled by effective aggregate processing,and global features are extracted through transfer learning.Specifically,the proposed system employs a pre-trained Residual Network to mine the relationship between large image sets and specific handwritten images,while the vector of locally aggregated descriptors with double power normalization is employed in aggregating local and global features.Moreover,handwritten image segmentation,preprocessing,enhancement,optimization of neural network architecture,and normalization for local and global features are exploited,significantly improving system performance.The proposed system is evaluated on Computer Vision Lab(CVL)datasets and the International Conference on Document Analysis and Recognition(ICDAR)2013 datasets.The results show that it represents good generalizability and achieves state-of-the-art performance.Furthermore,the system performs better when training complete handwriting patches with the normalization method.The experimental result indicates that it’s significant to segment handwriting reasonably while dealing with handwriting overlap,which reduces visual burstiness.

An Unsupervised Writer Identification Based on Generating Clusterable Embeddings

The writer identification system identifies individuals based on their handwriting is a frequent topic in biometric authentication and verification systems.Due to its importance,numerous studies have been conducted in various languages.Researchers have established several learning methods for writer identification including supervised and unsupervised learning.However,supervised methods require a large amount of annotation data,which is impossible in most scenarios.On the other hand,unsupervised writer identification methods may be limited and dependent on feature extraction that cannot provide the proper objectives to the architecture and be misinterpreted.This paper introduces an unsupervised writer identification system that analyzes the data and recognizes the writer based on the inter-feature relations of the data to resolve the uncertainty of the features.A pairwise architecturebased Autoembedder was applied to generate clusterable embeddings for handwritten text images.Furthermore,the trained baseline architecture generates the embedding of the data image,and the K-means algorithm is used to distinguish the embedding of individual writers.The proposed model utilized the IAM dataset for the experiment as it is inconsistent with contributions from the authors but is easily accessible for writer identification tasks.In addition,traditional evaluation metrics are used in the proposed model.Finally,the proposed model is compared with a few unsupervised models,and it outperformed the state-of-the-art deep convolutional architectures in recognizing writers based on unlabeled data.

“西安鲁迅”的多重面向与历史生成

文章综合运用日记、书信、手稿、回忆录、原始报刊史料及相关研究著述,对百年来有关“鲁迅在西安”的文献进行梳理和总结。从人的鲁迅、作家鲁迅、学者鲁迅、战士鲁迅等角度考察“西安鲁迅”的多重面向及其历史生成过程,揭示其背后所隐含的人际交往、时代语境、政治影响、学术变迁等复杂因素。通过对既往研究的清理与反思,指出研究者应从关注鲁迅与现实、地理空间的“西安”,延伸到历史、文化空间的“长安”,在学科的交叉融合中拓展相关研究的广度和深度。

资治通鉴与政府统计研究

由北宋史学家司马光编撰的《资治通鉴》包含丰富的统计数据,涵盖户籍人口、赋税徭役、军情战报、农业生产等诸多方面,是研究我国古代政府统计演变历程极为宝贵的史料基础。为总结历史经验,汲取历史智慧,本文基于对《资治通鉴》中统计活动、统计数据、统计思想和统计方法的细致钩沉与深入解读,聚焦典型案例,突出数据治理,从政府统计工作组织开展情况、政府统计的主要内容,以及防范和惩治统计造假等三个部分对五代及以前时期我国政府统计的状况加以刻画与总结。研究发现:我国古代政府统计起步时间早,渐趋成熟和稳定;统计工作历来备受重视,日益成为国家治理的有效工具和相关决策的重要基础;统计造假问题时有发生,防范和惩处力度较大;统计数据的收集利用程度与经济社会状况高度相关;统计与其他领域深度融合,专门的统计问题研究较为欠缺。

集体记忆与历史重述——左翼作家的“左翼文学”回忆

左翼作家对“左翼文学”的回忆蔚为大观,构成现代中国不容忽略而又意味深远的文化景观。其重构历史的强烈意图,与当下政治生态、社会现实之间的深层互动,使其足以作为实践中国现代文学研究“记忆的转向”的典型样本。左翼作家通过个人史、“左联”史和左翼文学史的叙述,完成形象重塑、身份认同、重构历史、接续传统等多种意图,充分体现话语生产与意识形态之间的紧密关系。“左翼文学”回忆对社会框架十分依赖,呈现出明显的“集体记忆”特征,打上了社会主导思想和主流意识形态的深深印记,但“个体记忆”又常常逸出“社会框架”,对集体记忆构成冲击与反抗,使得左翼作家的回忆呈现出微妙的张力。然而无论如何,左翼作家的“左翼文学”回忆都在很大程度上重构了中国现代文学史,深度影响了我们对左翼文学的认知。

《清人诗文集总目提要》订补——以吴本泰等八位嘉兴作家为中心

就《清人诗文集总目提要》及《清人别集总目》两书,对其中吴本泰、袁国梓、葛定辰、葛定远、屠焯、屠逵、蒋楷和富遇恩八位浙江嘉兴地区作家的生卒年等有关问题予以订补,供编撰者及其他相关读者参考。

明代《古今医鉴》版本、订补及学术贡献

《古今医鉴》八卷,明代龚信编辑,其子龚廷贤续编,成书于明万历四年(1576),刊刻于万历五年(1577),由周曰校的万卷楼刊刻。此后周庭槐再版刻印,八卷,改书名为《新刊古今医鉴》。周四达又请王肯堂对《古今医鉴》进行校正,以初刻本为底本重新刊刻,名《重刻古今医鉴》,仍为八卷,此本显示出由王肯堂校注修改的痕迹,其成书时间当在初刻本与周庭槐本之后王肯堂十六卷本之前。王肯堂之后又对《古今医鉴》重新进行了全面修订整理,勘误补漏,阐释医理,调整方药,加工润色,并改成十六卷本重新刊印,做出了重要的贡献,明万历十七年(1589)由叶华生刊印完成《王宇泰先生订补古今医鉴》。尚见“姑苏文台沈公本”,是以初刻本为底本刻印的活字本,刻印时间为日本元和年间(1615—1624)。本书对临床各科百余种病证进行阐述,荟萃古今诸家之论,完整保存了确有效验的官府、民间验方及父子二人所创方剂,在诸多方面具有创新,做出了重要的学术贡献。

“人心即道”:杨简对“本心”的自觉与诠释

基于象山的启发,杨简在对扇讼之事的反观中自觉“本心”,并以“人心即道”的提出开启了他的心学之路。对“本心”的诠释,杨简承袭了先儒的形上思维,却展开了对本体建构的反思:一方面肯定“心”之“无所不通”,强调“心”对天地万物的照见与感通;另一方面则明确“心”之“虚明”“无体”,取消了对“心”的实体建构。不同于程朱对宇宙本体的确立,也有别于象山对价值实体的内化,杨简没有将“心”视为独立于事物的实体,而是强调“心”之发用照映天地万物。基于切己反观,杨简意识到对道德的践行不在于对价值实体的探究,而在于觉知自身“本心”的自然发用,在“虚明洞照”下照见物我“一体”的真实存在,从而展现对道德的切实践行。

地方性文化的力量:张謇教育思想与区域县中繁荣

县中是县域教育的支柱和地方发展的希望所在,但近年来县中的师生与制度结构失去了比较优势,陷入困境。在建设教育强国的蓝图下,县中如何重整旗鼓?本文基于对全国知名县中聚集地——南通市的调查,借助强文化范式框架,探讨张謇教育思想何以成为一种与结构力量互补的地方文化力量助推县中发展。张謇教育思想在改革开放初的南通崛起叙事中被激活,锚定科教兴市的第一战略选择,使政府注意力优先分配于教育,从而塑造了县中的良好外部生态和主体积极实践,两者的适配进而带来区域县中繁荣。从文化社会学视角出发,将县中讨论转向地方性,揭示县中发展离不开由本土社会文化传统和资源产生的强大动力,这为其他地方教育振兴提供了启示。

中国当代女作家小说多模态德译语料库建设研究

论文收集中国改革开放以来41部女作家德译作品,使用GeM模型建立中国当代女作家小说多模态德译语料库,从基础层、版式层和修辞层对库内语料进行切分、标注和量化分析。基础层切分语言模态和图片模态;版式层标注各个译本的字体、字号、页面设计等版式风格;修辞层标注译本内图文关系。全面解读40余部德译作品的多模态语篇特征,分析德语世界译介中国女作家小说历时变化和共性特征。