The Kiloton Class Jiaojia Gold Deposit in Eastern Shandong Province and Its Genesis

The recent deep prospecting results in the Jiaojia area of Eastern Shandong Province indicate that the Jiaojia ore field composed of several individual gold deposits as previously suggested is actually an ultra-large gold deposit.This deposit covers an area of ～40 km2,and shows a structural control by the Jiaojia fault and its secondary faults.Gold orebodies generally occur along the same mineralization-alteration belt,and the main orebodies intersect with each other or exhibit a parallel or overlapping distribution.This deposit＇s reserves are estimated to be 1,200t of gold,being the first gold deposit of more than 1000t gold reserves in China.The No.Ⅰ-1 orebody in the Shaling-deep Sizhuang ore blocks holds gold reserves greater than 350 t,or 29 percent of the total reserves,followed by the No.Ⅰ orebody in Matang-Jiaojia ore blocks with exceeding 150t gold reserves.This deposit mainly occurs in the footwall of the Jiaojia fault,and presents zoned patterns in mineralization,alteration and structures.The strongly mineralized zones agree with strongly altered and tectonically fractured zones.These orebodies display strataform-like,veinlike or lenticular shapes,and generally show characteristics of pinching out and reappearing,branching and converging,expanding and shrinking.The orebodies commonly occur along positions where the fault strike changes and in gentle locations with dips changing from steep to gentle.The main orebodies are parallel to the main plane of the orecontrolling fault,and tend to be gentle from the surface to the deep.The orebodies mainly plunge to the southwest,with plunge angle of 45°-606° Orebodies near the main plane of the ore-controlling fault have more gold resource than those away from main fault zone.The slant depth of orebodies is generally larger than the length along its strike direction; orebodies become thick and gold grades become low from the shallow area to the deep area.Ore-forming fluids are H2O-CO2-NaCl±CH4 type with medium-temperature and moderate to low salinity.Sulfur isotopic values （δ34SCDT） for gold ores range between 11.08‰ and 12.58‰,indicating mixed sulfur sources; hydrogen isotopic values （δDVSMOW） range from-83.68‰ to-116.95‰ and oxygen isotopic values （δ18OV-SMOW） range between 12.04‰ and 16.28‰.The hydrogen and oxygen isotopes suggest that ore-forming fluids originated from primary magma,and mixing with a large amount of atmospheric water during the late stage.The Eastern Shandong Province gold deposits are associated with magmatic activities which have mantle crust-mixed source,and also share some similarities with orgenic and epithermal hydrothermal golddeposits.Because Eastern Shandong Province gold deposits with unique metailogenic features and formation setting which are different from other gold deposit types in the world,we call it the Jiaojiatype gold deposits.The kiloton class Jiaojia gold deposit is related to fluid activities,extension and detachment resulted from thermal upweiling of magmas.The strong magmatic activities in the middle to late stage of early Cretaceous in Eastern Shandong Province lead to active fluids,and provided abundant ore-forming materials for gold depsoits.Moreover,many extensional structures resulting from crustal extension provided favourable space for orebody positioning.

Geophysical-Geological Interpretation and Deep-Seated Gold Deposit Prospecting in Sanshandong-Jiaojia Area, Eastern Shandong Province, China

Integrated gravitational, electrical-magnetic surveys and data processing carried out in the Sanshandao-Jiaojia area, Eastern Shandong Province, northeast China, aim to illuminate the geological characteristics of this shallow-covered area and delineate deep-seated gold prospecting targets. In this region, altogether 12 faults exert critical control on distribution of three types of Early Precambrian metamorphic rock series, i.e. those in the metamorphic rock area, in the granitic rock area underlying the metamorphic rock, and in the remnant metamorphic rock area in granites, respectively. Additionally, the faults have major effects on distribution of four Mesozoic Linglong rock bodies of granite, i.e. the Cangshang, Liangguo, Zhuqiao-Miaojia and Jincheng granites. The Sanshandao and Jiaojia Faults are two well-known regional ore-controlling faults; they have opposite dip direction, and intersect at a depth of 4500 m. Fracture alteration zones have striking geophysical differences relative to the surrounding county rocks. The two faults extend down along dip direction in a gentle wave form, and appear at some steps with different dips. These steps comprise favorable gold prospecting areas, consistent with a step metallogenic model. Six deep-seated gold-prospecting targets are delineated, i.e. Jincheng-Qianchenjia, Xiaoxizhuang-Zhaoxian, Xiyou-Wujiazhuangzi, Xiangyangling-Xinlicun, Panjiawuzi and Miaojia-Pinglidian.

Origin of Gold-Bearing Fluid and Its Initiative Localization Mechanism in Xiadian Gold Deposit,Shandong Province

The composition of quartz inclusions and trace elements in ore indicate that gold\|bearing fluid in the Xiadian gold deposit, Shandong Province, stemmed from both mantle and magma, belonging to a composite origin. Based on theoretical analysis and high temperature and high pressure experimental studies, gold\|bearing fluid initiative localization mechanism and the forming environment of ore\|host rocks are discussed in the present paper. The composite fluid extracted gold from rocks because of its expanding and injecting forces and flew through ore\|conducive structures, leading to the breakup of rocks. The generation of ore\|host faults and the precipitation of gold\|bearing fluid occurred almost simultaneously. This study provides further information about the relationships between gold ore veins and basic\|ultrabasic vein rocks and intermediate vein rocks, the spatial distribution of gold ore veins and the rules governing the migration of ore fluids.

Genesis and Geological-Geochemical Characters of the Rushan Gold Deposit, Shandong, China

The Rushan gold deposit, explored in recent years in the Jiaodong area, Shandong Province is a quartz vein-type gold deposit hosted in granite. The temperature of its major mineralization episode is between 220℃ and 280℃. The salinity of the ore-forming fluid is 5 % to 9% NaCl equivalent, with H2O and CO2 as the dominant gas constituents. The fluid is rich in Na+, Ca+ and Cl-, but relatively impoverished in K+ and F-, characterized by either Ca2+ >Na+ >K+ (in three samples) or Na+ > Ca2+ > K+ (in six samples). Hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in the ore-forming fluid are highly variable with δ18 OH2O ranging between -7. 70‰ and 5. 97‰ and δDH2O between - 128‰ and - 71‰. The possibility of lamprophyre serving as the source of gold can be excluded in view of its low gold content on the order of 2. 5 × 10 -9. Rb-Sr isochron ages of the deposit and the host Kunyushan granite are (104. 8±1. 5) Ma and 134. 6 Ma respectively with the respective initial Sr ratios of 0. 71307 and 0. 7096. It is considered that the emplacement of the lamprophyre under a tensile environment had provided sufficient heat energy to facilitate deep circulation of meteoric water by which ore metals were extracted from the Kunyushan granite through long-term water-rock reaction.

Geology and mineralization of the Dayin’gezhuang supergiant gold deposit(180 t)in the Jiaodong Peninsula,China:A review

The Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit is located in the central part of the Zhaoping Fault metallogenic belt in the Jiaodong gold province-the world’s third-largest gold metallogenic area.It is a typical successful case of prospecting at a depth of 500-2000 m in recent years,with cumulative proven gold resources exceeding 180 t.The main orebodies(No.1 and No.2 orebody)generally have a pitch direction of NNE and a plunge direction of NEE.As the ore-controlling fault,the Zhaoping Fault is a shovel-shaped stepped fault,with its dip angle presenting stepped high-to-low transitions at the elevation of -2000-0 m.The gold mineralization enrichment area is mainly distributed in the step parts where the fault plane changes from steeply to gently,forming a stepped metallogenic pattern from shallow to deep.It can be concluded from previous studies that the gold mineralization of the Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit occurred at about 120 Ma.The ore-forming fluids were H_(2)O-CO_(2)-NaCl-type hydrothermal solutions with a medium-low temperature and medium-low salinity.The H-O isotopic characteristics indicate that the fluids in the early ore-forming stage were possibly magmatic water or mantle water and that meteoric water gradually entered the ore-forming fluids in the late ore-forming stage.The S and Pb isotopes indicate that the ore-forming materials mainly originate from the lower crust and contain a small quantity of mantle-derived components.The comprehensive analysis shows that the Dayin’gezhuang gold deposit was formed by thermal uplifting-extensional tectonism.The strong crust-mantle interactions,large-scale magmatism,and the material exchange arising from the transformation from adakitic granites to arc granites and from the ancient lower crust to the juvenile lower crust during the Early Cretaceous provided abundant fluids and material sources for mineralization.Moreover,the detachment faults formed by the rapid magmatic uplift and the extensional tectonism created favorable temperature and pressure conditions and space for fluid accumulation and gold precipitation and mineralization.

Ore-Search Perspective for Superlarge Gold Deposits in the Jiaolai Basin of the Jiaodong Gold Metallogenetic Domain

There are three types of gold deposits in the Jiaodong gold metallogenetic domain. The strata\|bound gold deposits are a new type, which occur in a hydrocarbon\|gold double\|source bed enriched in gold (Au 174 ng/g) and organic carbon (0.007%-4.225%). At diagenetic and hydrothermal stages water and oil were simultaneously activated and the strata\|bound gold deposits were formed from interactions between water, oil and rocks. In the late Yanshanian period, gold orebodies were enriched and enlarged in response to tectonomagmatism and action of complex ore\|forming hydrothermal solutions. As a result, it is highly expected to find suparlarge gold deposits and the Yanzi area is expected to be a perspective target area.

The Multi-Fractal Singularity Value Decomposition and Its Application in Extraction of Gravity Anomaly Associated with Gold Mineralization in Tongshi Gold Field

Because of the complication of geological procedures,the recorded data have the feature of nonlinear.The multi-fractal singularity value decomposition (MSVD) was used to decomposed the gravity data.In this paper,the MSVD was utilized to extract the gravity anomaly associated with the gold mineralization in Tongshi gold field in the southwest of Shandong province.The results showed that the Tongshi complex with negative circular gravity anomaly is an important ore-controlling factor.And the positive ring gravity anomaly distributed

胶西北金矿控矿断裂深部特征及对找矿的启示——来自地球物理探测的证据

[研究目的]胶东是全球著名的金成矿区,金矿床主要受断裂构造控制,该区尚有很多断裂是无矿的,以往对断裂的深部形态及赋矿断裂与无矿断裂的区别特征缺乏深入研究。[研究方法]本文通过在胶东西北部实施重、磁、电长剖面和穿越主要金矿集区的广域电磁剖面、反射地震剖面,揭示了断裂深部特征,为赋矿断裂和无矿断裂的识别提供了重要证据。[研究结果]地球物理探测表明,胶西北地区的断裂构造有陡倾角的深断裂、缓倾角的铲式断裂和陡倾角的小断裂,其中控矿的三山岛、焦家和招平断裂均是铲式断裂。结合对金矿床的研究发现,矿床主要赋存于缓倾角断裂中,矿体呈阶梯分布特征,陡倾角的深断裂中未见明显的金矿化蚀变,现今金矿床赋存的最大深度在5 km左右。[结论]综合分析认为,低角度拆离断层和连续性不好的高角度小断层有较好的物理圈闭条件,有利于矿化富集;而产状平直、陡倾的深断裂不具备物理圈闭的条件,不利于成矿。胶东型金矿的找矿方向应集中于缓倾角的铲式断裂及其派生、伴生的陡倾角小断裂附近。

山东栖霞笏山-西陡崖金矿地质特征及资源潜力分析

栖霞笏山西陡崖金矿位于蓬莱栖霞金成矿带南侧,是产于新太古代变质基底与中生代燕山期花岗岩接触带附近的破碎蚀变岩型金矿。本次研究在矿区外围开展了详细的野外地质调查,并对该矿床进行了详细研究,在Ⅰ号主矿体深部施工DKZK03钻孔,控制金矿体4层,累计真厚度6.85 m。其中,Ⅰ-1、Ⅰ-2号金矿体埋深分别为1273.80~1275.45 m、1072.95~1076.55 m,Ⅰ-1号金矿体为该区目前最深金矿体。采用趋势外推法对区内深部金矿体进行定位预测,为今后在栖霞地区金矿深部找矿勘查提供了依据,该地区金矿深部具有较大的找矿潜力。

山东省乳山市于家圈金矿地质特征及找矿前景探讨

山东省乳山市于家圈金矿床位于胶莱盆地东北缘,牟乳成矿带西侧,矿区内与金矿关系密切的地层、构造和岩浆岩发育,成矿地质条件良好。通过地物化综合找矿方法,在矿区内发现8条金矿化蚀变带,圈定4个金矿化体、1个银矿化体、1个铅矿化体、4个金矿体、1个铅矿体,取得了良好的找矿效果。在分析区域成矿地质背景的基础上,详细阐述了于家圈金矿地质特征,总结了控矿因素和找矿标志,探讨了找矿前景,认为该区找金矿潜力较大。

山东蓬家夼金矿床成矿流体地球化学特征

胶东地区存在 3种类型的金矿床 ,蚀变岩型 (焦家式 )和石英脉型 (玲珑式 )已经广为重视。最近在胶莱盆地的东北缘发现了一种新型金矿床——层控型金矿床 ,以蓬家夼金矿床和宋家沟金矿床为代表。蓬家夼金矿床赋存在胶莱盆地东北缘拆离断层带中 ,产于莱阳组砾岩与荆山群地层的构造接触部位 ,是在燕山期火山 -岩浆活动期间在大气水和岩浆水的参与下形成的。围岩遭受了强烈的硅化、绢云母化、碳酸盐化和黄铁矿化等蚀变作用。单个矿体最大长度 80 0 m,宽度在 50 0～ 70 0 m之间 ,金品位 (1～ 4 3)× 10 -6。矿石中流体包裹体发育 ,主要为气液相 Na Cl-H2 O包裹体以及少量的含液相 CO2 的 Na Cl- CO2 - H2 O型包裹体。成矿热液气相成分以 H2 O、 CO2为主 ;液相成分中富 Na+、Cl-,贫 K+、F-;f O2 为 8.9× 10 -4 0～ 5.9× 10 -4 0 Pa;氧化还原位为 0 .4 6～ 0 .52 e V,为弱还原环境。成矿流体 δ18OH2 O为 0 .6‰～ 4 .0‰ ,δDH2 O为 - 90‰～ - 98‰ ,反映出成矿流体由大气水和岩浆水混合组成的特点。流体混溶、水 -岩反应和古大气水的混入是造成蓬家夼金矿床流体化学组成变化、金沉淀成矿的主要因素。

鲁西沂南金场夕卡岩型金铜矿床矿化时代与成矿流体研究

沂南金场金铜矿床是鲁西地区夕卡岩型矿床的典型代表,矿床产于燕山期中酸性杂岩体与新太古界-寒武系地层的内外接触带附近,受岩浆岩、地层岩性以及构造的复合控制。由石榴子石和透辉石构成了早夕卡岩阶段矿物组合,而绿帘石+磁铁矿+镜铁矿±透闪石±阳起石±石英构成了晚夕卡岩-磁铁矿阶段矿物组合。利用早夕卡岩期黑云母以及晚夕卡岩期与碳酸盐伴生的黑云母样品进行单颗粒云母超低本底Rb-Sr等时线测试,分别获得了133±6Ma和128±2Ma年龄数据,它们与金场岩体的形成时间十分一致,说明该矿床与侵入体有密切的成因联系。流体包裹体研究表明,沂南金场金铜矿床各成矿阶段矿石中的流体包裹体主要有四种类型:含子矿物三相包裹体、富气包裹体、H2O-CO2包裹体和气液两相包裹体。从早夕卡岩阶段石榴石捕获的含子矿物包裹体中获得了很高的均一温度(530～570℃)和盐度(39.9%～60.4%)值,而晚夕卡岩阶段透辉石中含子矿物包裹体也显示较高的均一温度(451～580℃)和盐度(39.3%～60.7%)值。石英-硫化物阶段石英中包裹体均一温度分为两个区间,分别为320～450℃和108～291℃。石榴石内含子矿物包裹体,其子矿物可能为赤铁矿或磁铁矿,结合该矿床的矿石矿物组成特征,沂南金场为岩浆热液流体形成的氧化型夕卡岩金铜矿床。

山东胶东矿集区燕山期构造热事件与金矿成矿耦合探讨

中生代胶东地区有2次重要的碰撞造山事件,印支造山作用主要表现为扬子板块向华北板块俯冲,形成苏鲁高压—超高压变质带,同造山花岗岩及后造山高碱正长岩;燕山造山作用的大陆动力学环境起源于中亚-特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域转化和太平洋板块的俯冲,在胶东地区表现为3次造山和2次伸展。本文基于汇集的71个SHRIMP锆石U-Pb同位素年龄,并参考前人已有划分方案,提出胶东地区燕山期花岗岩年代格架:160～150Ma玲珑-昆嵛山花岗岩侵位,130～126Ma郭家岭花岗闪长岩形成,120～110Ma伟德山花岗闪长岩-花岗岩侵位,110～100Ma崂山A型晶洞过碱性碱长花岗岩侵位,代表燕山运动的结束;区内3期金矿成矿事件(150Ma、120～110Ma和100Ma～90Ma)则与玲珑、郭家岭和伟德山岩体的构造-岩浆热事件相耦合。胶东地区构造-岩浆事件和金矿成矿作用受控于特提斯、古亚洲洋和太平洋3大构造域的相互作用,金矿形成的动力学背景是中生代构造体制转折和岩石圈减薄,起因与太平洋板块向华北板块的俯冲机制有关。

玲珑花岗岩在大尹格庄金矿成矿系统中的作用

大尹格庄金矿产于玲珑花岗岩与胶东群变质岩接触带的招平断裂中,其玲珑花岗岩具有富Si、富Al、贫Mg、富Na、低Y、低Yb、贫HREE、正Eu异常、高Ba、低Ti,较高的Mg#值的地球化学特征,与C型埃达克岩相似。本矿床的形成是玲珑花岗岩反复熔融的结果:玲珑花岗岩是绿岩基底重熔的产物,相当于形成胶东地区金矿床的矿胚;由地壳拉伸减薄所带来的巨大热能使玲珑花岗岩交代上涌的上地幔物质再次融熔,形成热对流系统;巨量的Au质在多期次的构造活动所提供断裂(裂隙)中运移并沉淀。此系统指示招平断裂带深部仍有巨大的找矿空间。

山东招远市界河金矿床矿体定位规律及定位预测

随着我国资源危机矿山的不断增多，生产矿山探边摸底、增储延寿的矿体定位规律及定位预测研究工作已成为当前矿产勘查工作中的一项重要内容.从矿体一般产出特征、矿体倒伏特征分析、矿体在垂向延深上的变化特征以及矿区含矿下限判定等几方面入手，对界河金矿床的矿体定位规律进行了研究，在此基础上进行了成功的定位预测探索。

山东乳山金青顶金矿成矿构造和应力场研究

金青顶金矿位于胶东东部牟平—乳山金成矿带的中部,为含金石英脉型金矿。基于构造填图、古构造应力场反演和古应力差值估算结果的分析,初步探讨了该矿床控矿断裂的运动学特征及构造演化历史。研究表明:该断裂经历了3期活动,即在成矿前为左行压扭,在成矿期—煌斑岩脉侵入为右行张扭,在成矿后为左行压扭;成矿作用发生在构造应力场转换时期。通过对该矿床成矿演化机理的探讨,说明成矿受到构造应力场方向、断裂的运动方向和断裂面的性质等多个因素制约,是多个构造要素耦合的结果。

地物化综合方法在危机矿山成矿预测中的应用——以山东沂南金矿为例

山东沂南金矿床是鲁西地区典型的夕卡岩型矿床,历经50余年的开采,后备资源储量严重不足。文章借助危机矿山矿产预测项目,在成矿系统理论指导下,通过对已有资料二次开发,深入分析了矿床成矿地质条件和控矿因素,总结了成矿规律。并在大比例尺路线地质调查和地质填图的基础上,在矿区外围选定了2个预测靶区,结合有针对性的地、物、化等综合方法进行了成矿预测,经钻孔验证于不整合面发现工业矿体,为矿山开辟了新的接替资源基地,有效延长了矿山服务年限。2个预测靶区验证钻孔成功见矿,尤其是不整合面见矿的事实,不仅表明沂南金矿深、边部巨大的成矿潜力,对指导沂南金矿深部、外围乃至鲁西地区找矿勘探具有重要意义。

山东招远市界河金矿黄铁矿标型特征研究及其找矿意义

黄铁矿是山东界河金矿的主要载金矿物之一,自然金常赋存于黄铁矿的晶体裂隙及晶隙间。通过对黄铁矿的晶体形态、物性标型特征的空间变化规律以及黄铁矿主成分的研究,表明黄铁矿的含金性与其粒度、晶形、产状、杂质元素和某些物理性质有关,从中可提供许多重要的找金信息。借助理论推导公式计算Ⅰ号矿体向深部至少延深400 m,总延深达-946 m,这对于矿区深部进一步找矿具指导意义。

山东玲珑九曲金矿床地质特征及流体包裹体研究

山东玲珑九曲金矿床位于金矿田的东部,属石英脉-蚀变岩型金矿床,矿化分为4个阶段,黄铁矿-石英脉阶段,石英-黄铁矿阶段,多金属硫化物阶段和石英-碳酸盐阶段。流体包裹体研究表明,九曲金矿床主成矿阶段石英中发育气液两相和含CO2三相包裹体,也可见少量的富气相包裹体。气液两相包裹体均一温度范围为133.5℃～325.7℃,峰值为290℃～310℃,盐度为2.80%～17.82%NaCl;含CO2三相包裹体均一温度范围为236.5℃～315℃,出现两个峰值,为230℃～240℃和310℃～320℃,盐度为0.41%～8.92%NaCl;富气相包裹体均一温度范围为222.1℃～236.4℃,峰值为230℃～240℃,盐度为7.71%～9.98%NaCl。综合地质条件、矿床特征和包裹体显微测温结果认为:九曲金矿床成矿流体为中温、中低盐度的NaCl-H2O-CO2型体系,矿床属中温岩浆热液成因类型。