Changes in the network of tourist trails in the border zones of the Czech Republic after entering the Schengen area

Among the factors influencing tourist trail network development are political issues, including the presence of state borders, the possibility of crossing them and the accessibility of border zones. In the article, it was decided to look at changes in the offer of tourist trails(hiking and cycling) along the entire border of the Czech Republic after the extension of the Schengen area(within this area, crossing the border is possible anywhere, and not only at official border crossings). It should be emphasized here that the borders of the Czech Republic over most of their length run through mountainous areas and, apart from political factors, natural features should have a major impact on the development of tourist routes. In order to determine the coherence of the current network of trails on both sides of the Czech Republic state border, modern tourist maps have been analyzed, determining the number of places where it is possible to cross the state border with the help of a marked tourist trail. Based on that, two indicators were introduced to determine the degree of openness with all neighboring countries as regards the opportunity to cross on a tourist trail. Changes in the historical situation, a comparison of the accessibility of the border area before entering the Schengen area and 2019, were analyzed for two study areas using archival maps. Over a decade after the extension of the Schengen area, the number of places where tourist trails of neighboring countries approach the border has clearly increased. Crossing is more often made possible using hiking trails than cycling routes(trails of the first type cross the border every 7.91 km, while the latter every 13.3 km), but considering the speed of movement, it can be assessed that the openness for cyclists is higher than for hikers. Moreover, in many places there is still significant potential for further integration of tourist trail networks as trails created in one country often do not have a continuation on the other side of the border.

Public choice on coordinated development of border regions and its empirical research:a case study of Wuling mountain area

Due to the difficult segmentation of land destiny, popularity destiny, industry destiny on the platform of common interests demand, the regional governance of production and living for the needs of the people in cross-regional areas, such as in the aspects of security, education, assignment and management of water resources, transportation, energy, environment protection and public health, the administrative border regional cooperation is relatively easy. These aspects are equivalent to public products. Just because of this, it leads to problems that nobody will not control. The governments, in order to realize regional economic coordinated development and to eliminate the regional interests parties of administrative regions economy in microcosmic, were adapting various self-protection measures, even including that "you may have your policy but I have my countermeasures" that is derived from inter-regional economic relations. The action of market segmentation has limited the flow of various economic development elements, especially the condition of "dead end highway", resource exploitation and use, difficult social security work in social living of the administrative boundary zone. This paper studies the typical economical district of Wuling mountain area in the obvious strategic position at the junction of Chongqing, Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei provinces from the angle of regional public management and public choice to present issue awareness and academic purpose.

Analysis of Vagina Microecology and Investigation of Common Infection in Border Area of Chongzuo City

Objective: To investigate the microecology and common infection of the female vagina in border area of Chongzuo City. Methods: Female patients in the outpatient department and inpatient department of gynecology of our hospital from April 1, 2018 to August 23, 2021 were selected as the research objects. The reproductive tract secretions of all patients were examined by microecological examination, morphological examination, chemical analysis and microscopic examination, and the results of various indicators were statistically analyzed to draw relevant conclusions. Results: Among the 1498 women with vaginal micro- ecological imbalances, cleanliness was determined to be 534 cases of degree II, 868 cases of degree III, and 96 cases of degree IV;Nugent scores were 9 - 10 in 9 cases, 8 in 122 cases, 7 in 30 cases, 6 in 18 cases, 5 in 8 cases, 4 in 717 cases, 3 in 248 cases, 2 in 209 cases, 1 in 118 cases, and 0 in 19 cases. AV scores were 8 in 1 case, 7 in 1 case, 6 in 2 cases, 5 in 9 cases, 4 in 84 cases, 3 in 207 cases, 2 in 850 cases, 1 in 284 cases, and 0 in 60 cases. Among the pathogen infections, 99 cases were mycoplasma, 361 cases were candida, 199 cases were bacterial and 8 cases were trichomonas;In chemical analysis, there were 138 cases with pH 5.1, 326 cases with pH 4.8, 775 cases with pH 4.6, 217 cases with pH 4.4, and 42 cases with pH 4.1;meanwhile, 1390 cases were positive for hydrogen peroxide, 505 cases were positive for glucosidase, 487 cases were positive for acetylglucosaminidase, 184 cases were positive for sialidase, 290 cases were positive for proline amino-peptidase, 501 cases were positive for coagulase, and 1064 cases were positive for leukocyte esterase. Conclusion: Female reproductive tract microecology is more complex, and the pathogens of infection are also diverse. A systematic examination can clarify the occurrence and development of the disease, and then provide reliable laboratory data for clinical treatment and guide clinical medication.

Spatial-temporal Evolution Analysis on Land Use Multifunctionality in the China-Vietnam Border Area

Exploring the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the border land use multifunctionality(LUMF)provides insights for taking advantage of border land use and optimizing border land use policies.Based on the improved Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution(TOPSIS)mode,this study identifies and evaluates the LUMFs in the China-Vietnam border area between 2000 and 2018 from the perspectives of agricultural production,social security,ecological service,landscape recreation,and national security.The results show that:1)The comprehensive land use functions in most counties and cities continued to be improved.2)The comprehensive land use function exhibits remarkable spatial divergence and aggregation characteristics.The high-value area of the agricultural production function and social security function evolves from the east to the west.In addition,the spatial evolution of ecological service function is complicated,without an obvious spatial divergence and aggregation pattern.The landscape recreation function shows different spatial differentiation characteristics in the early and middle stage,and forms a large cluster in the later stage.Finally,the spatial evolution pattern of the national security function is significant.3)Designing differentiated border land policies,improving border land use security,and establishing a long-term mechanism for ecological protection and ecological compensation can aid in optimizing the LUMF level in the border area.

Let Education Play a More Role in Rural Revitalization—Taking Guangxi Border Ethnic Areas as an Example

The development of education and the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization are both decisions made by the Chinese government according to the needs of the country.The article first elaborates the relationship between education and rural revitalization.Second,it takes Guangxi border ethnic areas as an example to analyze the current problems and deficiencies in the development of education.Finally,it puts forward targeted suggestions,including a hundredyear plan and education-oriented.Education is the cornerstone of national revitalization.With a view to enabling education to play a more effective role in rural revitalization.

THE REFORM & DEVELOPMENT OF CAS INSTITUTES IN BORDER AREAS

This article offers an analytic explanation of the geographic, historical and environmental features as well as the strategic positions of CAS-affiliated border area institutes (BAIs). In addition, it puts forward several suggestions in a bid to advance their reform and development.

关于中国区域抗战史研究的几个问题--以晋察冀边区与河北省域抗战史研究为例

构建中国区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系及其立论视角与研究方法,是中国区域抗战史研究亟待解决的共性问题。中国抗日战争所具有的“两重性质”即抗日与民主(反帝,并伴随着反封建)和“双重目的”即民族独立与建立新中国(争取民族独立,并伴随着开创新中国),决定了区域抗战的本质及其战略总目标(在抗战中改造旧社会,创造新社会),这是构建区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系的关键所在。唯有站在中华民族抗战与中国未来前途的新视角、新高度,聚焦中华民族抗战与国内民主改革之关系,才能科学地构建区域抗战史的理论体系与架构体系,并在坚持唯物史观和正确抗战史观的同时,真正克服历史虚无主义与碎片化。

中国“增加自周边国家进口”的事实、问题与建议

增加自周边国家进口是国家提出的重要工作,也是中国践行互利共赢开放战略的具体实践。中国增加自周边国家进口不仅有利于中国经济高质量发展,而且有利于为周边国家经济发展提供“中国动能”。但是,中国和周边国家之间的互联互通水平有待进一步提高、经贸合作程度总体不高、部分周边国家地缘政治风险较高、沿边地区边民互市贸易发展有待进一步提高等问题制约了中国增加自周边国家进口。因此,中国政府要加快沿边地区的基础设施建设,为周边国家建设基础设施提供支持;加快与周边国家签署自贸协定,调动周边国家深度参与“一带一路”共建;大力发展沿边地区的边民互市贸易,积极探索建立沿边自由贸易试验区;建立进口风险预警防范机制,保障自周边国家进口的稳定性;积极宣传周边命运共同体意识,加强同周边国家的人文交流合作。

跨境合作区的尺度重构与空间响应--以横琴为例

基于尺度重构理论,搭建尺度重构对空间影响的分析框架,并以横琴为例,从领域空间、制度建构、治理结构多维度协同入手,分析尺度重构不同阶段对空间的影响,探讨尺度不协调带来的空间治理问题以及尺度再重构下横琴空间规划响应的重点。研究认为,横琴空间演化的实质是通过尺度重构的渐进式调整、治理机制的优化来实现国家战略意图。在横琴新区建设时期,其多维度尺度关系相对复杂,存在领域空间模糊化、制度空间配置失衡、治理机制失效等问题;在横琴粤澳深度合作区建设时期,尺度再次上移,对领域空间、制度建构、治理结构进行了系统调整,尝试修正“尺度陷阱”问题。因此,在新一轮尺度重构下,横琴规划应当坚持制度设计的初心,创新空间标准,创建跨界包容共享的优质生活与就业场景,探索构建多元融合的“社会特区”。

边疆民族地区民办社会工作机构承认历程探究——基于保山市S机构的个案分析

以霍耐特承认理论为指导,采取典型案例研究方法,对边疆民族地区——保山市的S机构承认历程进行探究。结合多元承认主体、双重承认维度和生命周期历程,将S机构获取承认之路构建为承认过程的生命周期模型。在S机构的初创期、成长期和稳定期,自我承认、政府承认和社会承认显现出不同特征,助推S机构的发展。S机构也遭遇一定程度的蔑视和挑战。边疆民族地区社会工作机构需认识到承认获取的螺旋过程,在现实境遇中力争突破。

连片特困地区县域交通扶贫效率测度及影响因素——以滇西边境山区为例

交通扶贫效率测度可为乡村振兴阶段区域交通规划方案制定提供重要的理论依据。以滇西边境山区56个县域四年间交通与经济发展面板数据为样本,构建交通扶贫效率投入产出指标体系,运用DEA模型、Malmquist指数测度滇西边境山区各县交通扶贫效率,并分析其时空分布特征。同时,构建Tobit回归模型,探究县域交通扶贫效率的影响因素。研究表明:滇西边境山区县域交通扶贫效率整体呈逐步增长态势,在乡村振兴阶段仍然有较大提升空间,且交通扶贫综合效率主要受到规模效率的影响;滇西边境山区县域交通扶贫效率大幅提升;依据交通扶贫综合效率的平均值和Malmquist指数值两个维度,滇西边境山区56个县可划分为潜力型、发展型、成熟型及巩固型4种类型,而发展型和成熟型是滇西边境山区交通扶贫效率的主要形态;县域规模、产业结构对交通扶贫效率的提升具有反向抑制作用,就业支持、消费水平、区位优势、投资规模均在不同程度上对滇西边境山区交通扶贫效率产生正向促进作用;各影响因素对不同发展阶段的县域交通扶贫效率在影响强度和作用路径上存在差异。因此,应进一步优化县城交通基础设施空间布局,强化劳动力就业等因素与交通运输发展的“联动效应”,针对不同交通扶贫发展阶段及影响因素短板,采取差异化、合理化发展策略。

湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的空间分异及其影响因素

厘清红色村落保护水平的空间差异性及影响因素,对湘赣边区传承红色基因、赓续民族精神、推进乡村振兴至关重要。通过构建红色村落保护分析框架,依次运用Arc GIS空间分析方法、逐步回归、地理加权回归模型,探究湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的空间分异及影响因素。研究表明:(1)红色村落保护研究模型包含评价模型与影响因素模型,评价模型涵盖宏观区域保护水平和微观社区保护水平,基于时空特征的区域保护水平是较为适配的模型;影响因素模型包括依据自然地理和社会经济划分的两类基本模型。(2)湘赣边区红色村落区域保护水平空间分异现象明显,空间分布上呈现“一带–三核心”连片分布结构形态;井冈山市保存率与保存密度均为最高,分别为4.72%、38.52个/万 km^(2)。(3)影响湘赣边区红色村落保护水平的自然地理因素为海拔、地貌、水系、中心市县和交通;社会经济类因素影响效应存在显著空间异质性,就影响程度而言,呈“文化基底>人口规模>经济发展>产业基础”的位序。

深化沈阳现代化都市圈一体化发展的挑战与对策

现代化都市圈一体化发展是城市和国家经济发展到一定阶段的必经之路,本文采用定量和定性分析相结合的方法,深入分析沈阳现代化都市圈一体化发展过程中面临着产业发展阶段存在差异、产业结构趋同、深层次产业分工协作较弱等问题,并根据沈阳都市圈7市1区的实际状况,提出构建“1+ 2+ 6”式对策机制,围绕政务一体化、交通一体化和现代化、基础设施一体化、数字资源一体化、产业一体化和互补共生化、公共服务一体化和便利化等方面建立城市跨界发展与互通模式,重塑以沈阳为中心的辽宁经济发展格局,加快辽宁和东北经济发展。

粤港澳大湾区交通流网络空间结构和边界效应测度

推动港澳与内地交通互联互通和融合发展是粤港澳大湾区高质量发展的重要内容。大湾区由于制度差异对跨境交通产生边界效应,但现有研究中利用真实交通流大数据对边界效应的动态测度研究不足。文章基于粤港澳大湾区高速公路收费数据和跨境交通数据构建大湾区交通流网络,采用复杂网络和边界效应度量方法,研究大湾区交通流网络空间结构及其边界效应的动态变化。结果表明,粤港澳大湾区交通流网络具有独特的广佛、深莞惠“双核心―边缘”结构,疫情后大湾区交通流网络的交通覆盖度和紧密度都有较大提升,港澳车流开始跨越边界向北延伸,粤港澳交通融合加速,形成“两岸互通、全域互联”的空间格局,但整体上香港地区和澳门地区在整体网络的重要性依然较弱。香港地区和内地、澳门地区和内地间的阻碍系数高于内地各县区间的阻碍系数,客车的阻碍系数普遍低于货车的阻碍系数。疫情后全网络的阻碍系数呈现动态下降趋势,边界效应的限制作用降低。文章拓展了交通流网络研究中边界效应的定量研究框架,有助于推动粤港澳大湾区交通融合发展。

粤港澳大湾区食品安全社会共治

以粤港澳大湾区为研究对象,基于计划行为理论构建公众参与食品安全治理影响因素的理论模型。描述性统计分析发现粤港澳大湾区食品安全治理的公众参与存在地区差异,即珠三角地区公众参与、主观规范、知觉行为控制、对政府监管的满意度低于港澳地区。随后通过结构方程模型分析揭示了公众参与食品安全共治的影响因素和机制,结果显示食品安全治理中政府监管满意度对公众参与有显著影响,其作用机制是通过正向影响主观规范、参与态度、知觉行为控制对公众参与产生正向影响。食品受害经历对风险感知和参与态度有正向影响,进而促进食品安全治理的公众参与,即有食品受害经历的个体参与食品安全治理的意愿更高。研究结论对促进粤港澳大湾区食品安全跨界合作与社会共治具有重要参考意义。

二十世纪五六十年代湖北青壮年支援新疆建设述略

二十世纪五六十年代,湖北支边青壮年响应国家号召,支援新疆社会主义建设。经过宣传动员、审核批准、分配安置和教育巩固等工作,先后有94421名支边青壮年和21757名家属进疆,他们不仅是新疆工农业战线上的生力军,而且带来了先进的生产经验和科学技术,增进了各民族的交往交流交融。这不仅为新时期做好对口援疆工作提供重要的借鉴,而且为现实维度的铸牢中华民族共同体意识提供了可感知的示范价值和鲜活案例。

边疆民族地区高校网络舆情基本特征及其引导——基于Y校313名学生的问卷调查

新兴自媒体和社交软件的推广普及不断影响着大学生的生活方式、交际方式和思维方式。诸多自媒体网络平台也逐渐成为边疆民族地区高校学生铸牢中华民族共同体意识的重要场域。及时掌握边疆民族地区高校网络舆情的特点,以科学合理的舆情引导策略,凝聚共同体意识推动各民族互嵌共融,正成为高校舆情治理的一项主要内容。本文基于对313份调查问卷的整理与分析,归纳Y校学生网络舆情的现实状况、基本特征及主要类型,探讨引导边疆民族地区高校网络舆情工作积极向好开展,健全完善符合边疆民族地区高校大学生的网络舆情引导管理模式。通过以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为引导,积极营造理性、健康、和谐、互嵌共生的边疆民族地区高校网络舆情环境。

杭州地区长效低维护优良花境植物材料筛选及应用研究

选取杭州地区5处典型花境样地,通过长期实地跟踪调查,依据筛选原则,共筛选出了适合杭州地区推广应用的长效、低维护优良花境植物材料118种。同时,总结了杭州地区长效型花境应用的特点,并进一步尝试提出了优化的对策及建议,以期为杭州长效型花境的健康发展及推广应用作出贡献。

百年中国法治历史中的陕西党史元素

中国特色社会主义法治模式,是百年来中国共产党领导法治的探索成果,是从革命时期局部执政到当代中国治国理政法治经验的总结。党领导法治的历史,特别是中共中央在延安的十三年,蕴含着丰富的陕西党史元素,不仅体现在局部执政的法治建设、依规治党的经验,还体现为陕西党史中的红色法制历程。总结和凝练党领导法治历史中的陕西元素,有助于理解当代中国的法治,拓展陕西党史的研究。