[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The charact...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The characteristics of IMP and IMF deposition of 112-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens （J×J） and its two different 70-day- old crossbreeds （J×B and B×B） were analyzed. The IMP content in breast muscle and leg muscle were determined by HPLC. [Result] The contents of IMP and cor- rected inosine monophosphate （IMPc） in breast muscle were significantly or ex- tremely significantly higher than that in leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. There were no sig- nificant difference in the contents of IMP and IMPc between hens and roosters （P〉 0.05）. The fresh degree of breast muscle and leg muscle was 96,11%-98.16% and 87.22%-93.07%, respectively. And the fresh degree of breast muscle was higher than that of leg muscle. In the three groups, the IMF content in leg muscle was significantly higher than that in breast muscle whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05）. The contents of IMF in breast muscle and leg muscle were 0.36%-0.75% and 1.84%-2.38%, respectively. The iMP content in breast muscle of chickens in Bx J group was extremely significantly higher than that in breast muscle of chickens in JxJ group （P〈0.01）, but the contents of IMPc and iMF of breast muscle and leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] To sum up, the freshness and flavor significantly differ between the breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens, but show no significant difference among the three groups.展开更多
To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divide...To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divided into four experimental groups： experimental group 1 （protein 15%, metabolic energy 9.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 2 （protein 16%, metabolic energy 10.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 3 （protein 17%, metabolic energy 12.65 MJ/kg） and experimental group 4 （ protein 18%, metabolic energy 13.95 MJ/kg）, respectively. All chickens were slaughtered at 112-day old. The breast and leg muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens were collected, to determine the slaughter performance, conventional meat quality and muscle chemical indicators. The results indicated that dressing-out percentage and eviscerated yield percentage in four experimental groups were above 87.27% and 67.00%, respectively; other slaughter performance indicators exhibited no significant differences among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; breast muscle color of hens in experimental group 4 varied significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; leg muscle color of hens in experimental group 2 varied extremely significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; water-holding capacity of breast muscles of hens in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in experimental group 4 （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thiamine content of breast muscles of cocks in experimental group 3 was significandy higher than that in experimental group 2 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; however, other properties exhibited no significant differenees among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ）.展开更多
【目的】对不同光色条件下京海黄鸡垂体进行转录组测序分析,了解不同光色条件下京海黄鸡垂体的表达谱,旨在筛选出红光影响京海黄鸡生殖激素合成的关键基因,为提高种鸡产蛋性能提供理论基础。【方法】红光组京海黄鸡产蛋量(90.61枚)显著...【目的】对不同光色条件下京海黄鸡垂体进行转录组测序分析,了解不同光色条件下京海黄鸡垂体的表达谱,旨在筛选出红光影响京海黄鸡生殖激素合成的关键基因,为提高种鸡产蛋性能提供理论基础。【方法】红光组京海黄鸡产蛋量(90.61枚)显著高于白光组(87.44枚)(P<0.05)。选取红光和白光条件下京海黄鸡各3只,采集其垂体进行高通量测序,利用HISAT和DESeq等方法获得差异表达基因(DEGs)进行GO功能注释和KEGG信号通路富集分析。【结果】通过高通量测序获得4892794884~4980565639条Raw reads,比对到参考基因组的read比对率在92.00%以上,GC含量为48.54%~49.11%。将红光和白光条件下京海黄鸡的垂体进行比较,共获得155个DEGs,其中红光组与白光组(RP vs WP)相比,有90个基因表达上调和65个基因表达下调。对DEGs进行GO功能注释分析,主要在生物调控、细胞过程、细胞、细胞组分、连接和催化活性功能等重要生物途径。KEGG信号通路分析结果显示,DEGs主要富集在细胞因子—细胞因子受体相互作用、类固醇激素的生物合成通路、视黄醇的新陈代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、神经活性配体—受体相互作用等信号通路,这些通路中的促性腺激素释放激素基因(GNRH1)、分泌型磷蛋白1基因(SPP1)、信号转导蛋白1基因(SMAD1)、骨形态形成蛋白拮抗蛋白2抗体基因(GREM2)和表皮调节素基因(EREG)等表达可能受光色的影响,从而影响种鸡的产蛋性能。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)结果证明了转录组测序结果准确可靠。【结论】与白光相比,红光能显著提高京海黄鸡的产蛋量。筛选获得的GNRH1、SPP1、SMAD1、GREM2和EREG等基因可能在光色调控京海黄鸡产蛋性能中发挥重要作用,可作为种鸡垂体组织调控其产蛋性能分子机制研究的关键基因。展开更多
基金Supported by the Science and Technology Supporting Project (Agriculture) of Jiangsu Province (BE2011452)the Special Fund Project of the National Broiler Industry Technology System (CARS-42-G23)a Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of deposition of inosine monophosphate （IMP） and intramuscular fat （IMF） in muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens and its crossbred.[Method] The characteristics of IMP and IMF deposition of 112-day-old Jinghai yellow chickens （J×J） and its two different 70-day- old crossbreeds （J×B and B×B） were analyzed. The IMP content in breast muscle and leg muscle were determined by HPLC. [Result] The contents of IMP and cor- rected inosine monophosphate （IMPc） in breast muscle were significantly or ex- tremely significantly higher than that in leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01）. There were no sig- nificant difference in the contents of IMP and IMPc between hens and roosters （P〉 0.05）. The fresh degree of breast muscle and leg muscle was 96,11%-98.16% and 87.22%-93.07%, respectively. And the fresh degree of breast muscle was higher than that of leg muscle. In the three groups, the IMF content in leg muscle was significantly higher than that in breast muscle whether in male or female chickens （P〈0.05）. The contents of IMF in breast muscle and leg muscle were 0.36%-0.75% and 1.84%-2.38%, respectively. The iMP content in breast muscle of chickens in Bx J group was extremely significantly higher than that in breast muscle of chickens in JxJ group （P〈0.01）, but the contents of IMPc and iMF of breast muscle and leg muscle of the chickens in the three groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）. [Conclusion] To sum up, the freshness and flavor significantly differ between the breast muscle and leg muscle of chickens, but show no significant difference among the three groups.
基金Supported by Special Fund for National Broiler Industry Technology System ofChina(CARS-42-G23)Project of Priority Academic Program Development ofJiangsu Higher Education Institutionsthe New Century Talent Project of Yangzhou University
文摘To investigate the effect of different dietary energy and protein levels on meat performance and meat quality of Jinghai yellow chickens, 480 43-day old Jinghai yellow chickens with similar weight were randomly divided into four experimental groups： experimental group 1 （protein 15%, metabolic energy 9.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 2 （protein 16%, metabolic energy 10.95 MJ/kg）, experimental group 3 （protein 17%, metabolic energy 12.65 MJ/kg） and experimental group 4 （ protein 18%, metabolic energy 13.95 MJ/kg）, respectively. All chickens were slaughtered at 112-day old. The breast and leg muscles of Jinghai yellow chickens were collected, to determine the slaughter performance, conventional meat quality and muscle chemical indicators. The results indicated that dressing-out percentage and eviscerated yield percentage in four experimental groups were above 87.27% and 67.00%, respectively; other slaughter performance indicators exhibited no significant differences among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ） ; breast muscle color of hens in experimental group 4 varied significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; leg muscle color of hens in experimental group 2 varied extremely significantly from that in other three groups （ P 〈 0.01 ） ; water-holding capacity of breast muscles of hens in experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in experimental group 4 （P 〈 0.05 ） ; thiamine content of breast muscles of cocks in experimental group 3 was significandy higher than that in experimental group 2 （ P 〈 0.05 ） ; however, other properties exhibited no significant differenees among various groups （P 〉 0.05 ）.
文摘【目的】对不同光色条件下京海黄鸡垂体进行转录组测序分析,了解不同光色条件下京海黄鸡垂体的表达谱,旨在筛选出红光影响京海黄鸡生殖激素合成的关键基因,为提高种鸡产蛋性能提供理论基础。【方法】红光组京海黄鸡产蛋量(90.61枚)显著高于白光组(87.44枚)(P<0.05)。选取红光和白光条件下京海黄鸡各3只,采集其垂体进行高通量测序,利用HISAT和DESeq等方法获得差异表达基因(DEGs)进行GO功能注释和KEGG信号通路富集分析。【结果】通过高通量测序获得4892794884~4980565639条Raw reads,比对到参考基因组的read比对率在92.00%以上,GC含量为48.54%~49.11%。将红光和白光条件下京海黄鸡的垂体进行比较,共获得155个DEGs,其中红光组与白光组(RP vs WP)相比,有90个基因表达上调和65个基因表达下调。对DEGs进行GO功能注释分析,主要在生物调控、细胞过程、细胞、细胞组分、连接和催化活性功能等重要生物途径。KEGG信号通路分析结果显示,DEGs主要富集在细胞因子—细胞因子受体相互作用、类固醇激素的生物合成通路、视黄醇的新陈代谢、花生四烯酸代谢、神经活性配体—受体相互作用等信号通路,这些通路中的促性腺激素释放激素基因(GNRH1)、分泌型磷蛋白1基因(SPP1)、信号转导蛋白1基因(SMAD1)、骨形态形成蛋白拮抗蛋白2抗体基因(GREM2)和表皮调节素基因(EREG)等表达可能受光色的影响,从而影响种鸡的产蛋性能。实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)结果证明了转录组测序结果准确可靠。【结论】与白光相比,红光能显著提高京海黄鸡的产蛋量。筛选获得的GNRH1、SPP1、SMAD1、GREM2和EREG等基因可能在光色调控京海黄鸡产蛋性能中发挥重要作用,可作为种鸡垂体组织调控其产蛋性能分子机制研究的关键基因。
