Analysis of Application Status and Recommendations for Shade-Tolerant Lawns and Ground Cover Plants in the West Lake Scenic Area

Taking 8 parks in Xihu Scenic Area as the survey objects, this study found that there are 77 kinds of shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover plants under the forest in good growth condition, and there are 3 types of application forms: dense forest, sparse forest and forest edge. In response to the existing problems, it is proposed that it is necessary to adhere to principles of ecology, adapt to local conditions and plant suitable varieties in accordance with local conditions, develop and use new varieties of wild shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover plants, and strengthen the promotion of the mixed planting model of shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover plants, so as to provide guidance for the better use of shade-tolerant lawns and ground cover under the forest in the West Lake Scenic Area in the future.

Ecological migration effects on the Tianchi Scenic Area in Xinjiang:from the perspective of migrant farmer families

As an important approach for relieving conflicts between ecosystems and human activities in the Tianchi Scenic Area, Xinjiang of China, an ecological migration policy was implemented, aiming to improve the regional ecological environment. The case of resettlement was closely related to the smooth implementation of the migration project. Based on the questionnaires and farmer family interviews, both changes in the ecological environment and the living conditions of migrant farmer families in the Tianchi Scenic Area were investigated in this study. The objectives were to assess the benefits of the ecological migration policy and to analyze the effects of ecological migration on migrant farmer families. The results showed that （1） awareness of the need for ecological environmental protection and the types of migrant families had a great influence on the willingness to migration; （2） since the implementation of the ecological migration project, the ecological environment in the Tianchi Scenic Area had improved significantly, particutarly in terms of returning farmland to forestry, while pressures on grassland had also been relieved to some extent; （3） the major income sources and occupations of the migrant farmer families changed, the range of their income sources declined, and their per capita incomes decreased at different degrees; and （4） nearly half of the farmer families were not satisfied with the living environment of new settlements and the decline in the quality of life had significant influences on the attitudes of migrants. In order to ensure the successful implementation of an ecological migration project, it is essential to enhance farmer awareness of needs for ecological environmental protection, and to solve resettlement problems properly.

Nature Conservation versus Scenic Quality:A GIS Approach towards Optimized Tourist Tracks in a Protected Area of Northwest Yunnan,China

Development of appropriate tourism infrastructure is important for protected areas that allow public access for tourism use.This is meant to avoid or minimize unfavourable impacts on natural resources through guiding tourists for proper use.In this paper,a GIS-based method,the least-cost path(LCP) modelling,is explored for planning tourist tracks in a World Heritage site in Northwest Yunnan(China),where tourism is increasing rapidly while appropriate infrastructure is almost absent.The modelling process contains three steps:1) selection of evaluation criteria(physical,biological and landscape scenic) that are relevant to track decision; 2) translation of evluation criteria into spatially explicit cost surfaces with GIS,and 3) use of Dijkstra's algorithm to determine the least-cost tracks.Four tracks that link main entrances and scenic spots of the study area are proposed after optimizing all evaluation criteria.These tracks feature lowenvironmental impacts and high landscape qualities,which represent a reasonable solution to balance tourist use and nature conservation in the study area.In addtion,the study proves that the LCP modelling can not only offer a structured framwork for track planning but also allow for different stakeholders to participate in the planning process.It therefore enhances the effectivenss of tourism planning and managemnt in protected areas.

Carrying Capacity of Water Leisure Environment in Eco-cities-A Case Study of Ancient Canal Scenic Area in Yangzhou City

Water leisure tourism is an emerging theme in urban planning, and its planning mode and operation level directly influence the eco-cycle degree of urban development. Tourism activities inevitably impact environmental quality of urban water spaces, and the research on the environmental carrying capacity of such spaces has also become an important prerequisite of tourism planning. Taking the Yangzhou Ancient Canal Scenic Area for an example, the paper constructed the estimated indicators of water leisure tourism environmental carrying capacity on the basis of analyzing scenic geographical resources and tourism economic conditions, and calculated the scenic area's water leisure tourism environmental integrated carrying capacity by the method of barrel extrapolation, providing a reasonable foundation for evaluating the planning conditions in the eco-cycle urban water leisure tourism planning.

Influence of tourist disturbance on soil properties, plant communities, and surface water quality in the Tianchi scenic area of Xinjiang, China

The impact of tourist disturbance on the environment has become a focal issue of environmental science, ecology, and travel management studies. To assess the influence of tourist disturbance on soils and plants in the Tianchi scenic area of Xinjiang, China, we compared soil properties and plant community characteristics at 0, 5, 10, and 20 m from the tourist trail within areas at three different altitudes, where the intensities of tourist disturbance are distinct. Surface water quality was also studied at three different levels relative to the Tianchi Lake. The results showed that tourist disturbance significantly increased soil pH within 10 m from the trail and soil bulk density on the edge of the trail, but significantly reduced soil organic matter and total nitrogen contents within 5 m from the trail. The number of tree seedlings on the edge of the trail and the shrub coverage and height of herbaceous plants within 5 m from the trail significantly decreased due to tourist disturbance. Changes in herbaceous plant diversity differed by soil zones. In the high altitude region, tourist disturbance led to a remarkable increase in the herbaceous plant diversity on the edge of the trail, while in the low altitude region, tourist disturbance had a low impact on the diversity of herbaceous plants. In addition, tourist activities polluted the surface water, significantly reducing water quality. Thus, current tourist activities have a significant negative impact on the ecological environment in the Tianchi scenic area.

Landscape Planning and Design of Zhuligou Comprehensive Service Area in Lazikou Scenic Area, Gansu Province of China

By investigating Lazikou Scenic Area, consulting a great deal of theoretical materials and data of other cases, landscape planning and design techniques for Zhuligou Comprehensive Service Area were proposed, and environmental planning and design of red tourist areas explored effectively, so as to promote to the development of red tourism and traditional revolutionary education, and also the harmonious socio-economic development of old revolutionary bases.

Study on Integrated Design of Building Facilities in Scenic Areas

The authors begin with traditional architectural design methodology,review basic theories and development trends of architectural designs from the ancient times to the present.On the basis of combining traditional oriental integral view,modern architectural design and landscape design theories,current construction of building facilities in scenic areas are analyzed,integrated design of the building facilities is proposed,and"integrated design system"further analyzed to offer effective references and theoretical support for the design and construction of building facilities in scenic areas.

Identification of Characteristics of Natural and Cultural Heritage under the Perspective of Cultural Landscape:Exemplified by Chinese Scenic Areas

The development of scenic areas in China from the origin of the idea to various historical periods all reflects the interaction between man and nature in the context of Chinese civilization,with typical attribute of cultural landscape.Identifying the characteristics of scenic areas under the perspective of cultural landscape is conducive to current protection and management practice of China's scenic areas.Guided by the academic idea of the cultural landscape,combined with the history of the evolution of the Chinese civilization,the development history of scenic areas was analyzed,and the typical types of man-land relationships,as well as the complexity and diversity of these types,the typicality and integrity of the spatial pattern and the dynamics of the development were summarized in this paper,with a view to provide inspiration for conservation and management work of China's scenic areas.

A Study on the Value Change of Land Ecosystem Services in Huangguoshu Scenic Area

Land use and ecological service influence and constrain each other and the quantitative research on the value change of ecosystem services and land use in Huangguoshu scenic area can help to provide a scientific basis for the harmonious development of special ecology,society and economy in Huangguoshu scenic area. This paper analyzes the value change of land ecosystem services in Huangguoshu scenic area during 2009- 2012,and explores important issues and focus in the land planning and development of Huangguoshu scenic area. The results show that the value of woodland ecosystem services is highest in Huangguoshu scenic area,accounting for nearly 70% of the total value,and there was a slight decline in the total value of ecosystem services in Huangguoshu scenic area during the four years,mainly due to the internal restructuring of agriculture and expansion of construction land. In the future development of Huangguoshu scenic area,it is necessary to economically and intensively use construction land,pay attention to the maintenance and improvement of land ecological environment,and focus on the protection of woodland,pasture land and other types of ecological land,so as to improve the overall regional land ecosystem services.

Landscape Design of Water Conservancy Scenic Area Based on Ecological Protection Concept

Targeting at the development needs of ecological cities, the landscape design of water conservancy scenic areas has begun to take the ecological protection concept as the design essence, based on the theory of landscape ecology, ecological restoration and ecological compensation. The principles and methods of ecological design are summarized in this paper to achieve the unity of economic benefits and ecological benefits in water conservancy scenic areas and create a livable environment for cities.

GIS-based Spatial Viewshed Analysis of Cableway Construction Projects in Scenic Areas

GIS and GPS are used for the quantitative analysis of visual landscape impact of the old and new Cloud Valley Cableway in the Yellow Mountain.The results show that viewshed,quantity of visible sensitive scenic areas,and visible length from the tour routes of the new cableway are much smaller than those of the old one,so the new cableway has limited impact on visual landscapes of the scenic area,and basically meets the requirement of not damaging natural landscape features of the Yellow Mountain.GIS-and GPS-based spatial viewshed analysis methods have promising prospects in researches on landscape infl uence of scenic areas,and both of them are also signifi cant technical supports for the environmental protection verifi cation of construction projects in scenic areas.

Tourism Development Models Based on Ecological Utilization and Protection of Water Conservancy Scenic Areas

In view of major confl icts between ecological conditions of scenic areas and tourism development, tourism development models and approaches of six major water conservancy scenic areas were summarized on the basis of investigating interaction mechanism, ecological utilization and protection of scenic areas, including reservoir development and construction model, wetland development and construction model, natural river and lake development and construction model, city river and lake development and construction model, irrigated area development and construction model, water and soil conservation development and construction model. The research fruits are of instructive signif icance for the management and development of scenic areas.

Ticket Price of World Heritage Scenic Areas in China

This paper investigated ticket price system of 48 world heritage scenic areas in China, and discovered that ticket price of world heritage scenic areas in China was generally high. Disadvantages of this phenomenon were analyzed, influence factors of the ticket price were explored, and then practical countermeasures were proposed.

Qualitative Comparison of Cultural Resources in Famous Scenic Areas: A Case Study of the West Lake and the Yunhu Lake

Theories and basic methods of evaluating cultural resources in famous scenic areas were explored, on the basis of which quantitative evaluation model and evaluation indexes were established, such as abundance, density, historical value, cultural value and social value of cultural resources, influence, peculiarity, integrity, development and utilization capacity. The West Lake in Hangzhou City and the Yunlong Lake Scenic Area were taken for example.

Research on Meteorological Disaster Risk of Hotels in the Dabie Mountain Scenic Area

Using meteorological data of Anhui Meteorological Bureau,based on the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive analysis method,this paper preliminarily explores the main types and various influencing factors of regional meteorological disasters related to hotel buildings in the Dabie Mountain Scenic Area,and puts forward suggestions on how to deal with the risk of meteorological disasters in the scenic area,in order to provide a better understanding of the Dabie Mountains.It provides a theoretical basis for better response to meteorological disaster decision-making in the development of the scenic spot,and also hopes to provide reference for other Dabie Mountain scenic spots in Hubei and Henan.The research results show that the main types of meteorological disasters faced by hotel buildings in the Dabie Mountain Scenic Area are:rainstorm,thunder and lightning,heavy fog,and snow disaster.The occurrence frequency of various disasters is higher than that of the plains,and the intensity is higher.Due to the high altitude of the hotel buildings,the soil resistivity has obvious mutation or stratification.The terrain surrounded by mountains on three sides often becomes a good conductor of lightning,and the risk of lightning strikes is high,and the lighting weather is frequent.The Dabie Mountain Scenic Area is prone to heavy fog,frost,snow disaster and other weather due to its high altitude,high air humidity and low temperature.Hotels in the Dabie Mountain Scenic Area should effectively deal with meteorological disasters and reduce losses by formulating disaster prevention plans,strengthening lightning protection engineering measures for hotel buildings,and regularly testing and maintaining the lightning protection devices installed in hotels.

Research on Tourism Development Strategy of Zhaoqing Seven Star Cave Scenic Area in the Context of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

The national strategy of"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area"has replaced the original Pearl River Delta economic circle.As one of them,the economic development of Zhaoqing City ushered in a historic opportunity.Other cities in Greater Bay Area provide sufficient tourist resources for the development of Zhaoqing’s tourism industry.Under the new situation,Seven Star Cave,the leading scenic spot in Zhaoqing,should firmly grasp the national strategic dividend of the"Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area",accelerate the transformation and upgrading,and enhance the market competitiveness.In this paper,the data are collected by nominal group technique,and are integrated into SWOT matrix for analysis.The development strategy of Zhaoqing Seven Star Cave Scenic Area is obtained by matching internal and external factors.

Tourism Image Perception Research of Mount Tai Scenic Area: Text Analysis Based on Ctrip Tourist Comments

Tourism destination image research has always been a hot issue in tourism research, which is related to the development and sustainability of destination tourism. Mount Tai Scenic Area, a world double-heritage site is taken as the research object. By collecting comments about Mount Tai Scenic Area on Ctrip, and using content analysis, cognitive image, emotional image and overall image of Mount Tai Scenic Area are analyzed with the help of “cognitive-emotional” model. The results show that visitors' perception of the cognitive image of Mount Tai Scenic Area is multi-dimensional;tourists' perception of the emotional image of Mount Tai Scenic Area is positive;the tourists' perception of the overall image of Mount Tai Scenic Area shows a four-layer “core-edge” structure of “core-sub core-sub edge-edge”. On this basis, the paper puts forward some suggestions for improving the tourism development of Mount Tai Scenic Area.