Factors controlling the reservoir accumulation of Triassic Chang 6 Member in Jiyuan-Wuqi area,Ordos Basin,NW China

In the Triassic Yanchang Formation, Jiyuan-Wuqi area, Ordos Basin, the Chang 6 reservoir is contacted to the Chang 7 high-quality source rock, but the oil pools are unevenly distributed, and complex in oil and water distribution. Through cores observation and fracture statistics, combined with comprehensive analyses of physical property, mercury injection, logging and geochemical data, and comparisons of the sandbodies scales, reservoir physical properties, argillaceous laminae and fractures between source and reservoir in the eastern and western oil-bearing areas and in the central water producing area, it is found that the hydrocarbon accumulation patterns are different in the eastern, central and western areas, and the characteristics of hydrocarbon migration under the background of double-provenance were sorted out. The study results show that the crude oil in the eastern area has different Pr/Ph and sterane distribution from that in the western area. The oil and gas primarily migrated vertically. The high-quality source rocks and favorable source-reservoir-cap combinations lay the foundation for large-scale oil and gas accumulations. Vertically, the oil and gas enrichment is controlled by the scale of sandbody and the difference of physical properties, while on the plane, it is controlled by the connectivity of sandbodies, the argillaceous laminae between source rock and reservoir, the reservoir physical property and the fractures. The sandbodies of oil-rich zones in the eastern and western areas have large thickness, low shale content, good physical properties, weak heterogeneity, few argillaceous laminae and abundant fractures, all of which are favorable for the vertical migration and accumulation of oil and gas. In contrast, in the middle area with converging provenances, the reservoirs, composed of thin sandbodies, features rapid variation in lithology and physical properties, strong heterogeneity, poor continuity of sandbodies, abundant argillaceous laminae between source rock and reservoir, and few fractures, makes it difficult for the oil and gas to migrate vertically, and results in low oil enrichment degree ultimately. For the exploration of continental multiple-provenance tight reservoirs, not only the good-property source rocks and reservoirs, but more importantly the source-reservoir contact relationship and the effect of fractures on the hydrocarbon migration and accumulation should be considered.

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬—吴起地区三叠系延长组6段成藏控制因素

鄂尔多斯盆地姬塬—吴起地区三叠系延长组6段紧邻长7段优质烃源岩,但油藏分布不均匀、油水分布复杂。通过大量岩心观察和裂缝统计,结合储集层物性、压汞数据、测井资料以及地球化学参数等综合分析,通过东西部含油区和中部出水区砂体发育规模、储集层物性、源储间泥质纹层和裂缝发育对比分析,明确研究区东、中和西部不同区块成藏差异,总结双物源沉积背景下的油气运移特征。研究结果表明:姬塬—吴起地区东、西部区块原油姥植比和甾烷存在差异,油气主要以垂向运移为主。优质的烃源岩和有利的生储盖组合为研究区油藏大面积发育奠定了基础。垂向上,砂体发育规模与储集层物性差异控制了延长组6段不同亚段的油气富集程度;平面上,油气富集程度主要受砂体连通性、源储间泥质纹层、储集层物性以及裂缝等因素的控制。东、西部富含油区单砂体厚度大、泥质含量低、储集层物性好、非均质性弱、泥质纹层少且裂缝发育,有利于油气垂向运聚与成藏。中部物源沉积交汇区单砂体薄而多,岩性、物性变化快,储集层非均质性强,砂体连续性差,源储间泥质纹层发育,裂缝不发育,阻碍了油气垂向运移,导致油气富集程度低。对于陆相多物源复杂致密储集层而言,不应只考虑优质烃源岩和储集层,更应重点考虑源储接触关系以及裂缝对油气运移富集的影响。该认识对研究区以及类似地区油气富集带及甜点预测具有重要的借鉴作用。