Research on the spatial mismatch experienced by low-income minority residents is US-centric.However,spatial mismatch is not necessarily an appropriate term when considering the situation of low-wage workers in cities ...Research on the spatial mismatch experienced by low-income minority residents is US-centric.However,spatial mismatch is not necessarily an appropriate term when considering the situation of low-wage workers in cities of northwestern China where there is higher proximity between jobs and housing and lower levels of residential segregation.This paper empirically examines the jobs-housing spatial relationship for one of the most typical low-wage groups,namely,public janitors,in Xi’an,China.Also,the causes of the jobs-housing spatial relationship are discussed in detail.Individual-level data based on in-depth interviews and questionnaires,as well as the GIS network analysis method,are used to provide baseline analyses of the jobs-housing spatial relationship.Results indicate that there is no jobs-housing spatial mismatch for public janitors in Xi’an.This can be implied from the short commuting distance and time.A basic cause is that most public janitors rent low-cost accommodation in villages-in-the-city,and in old residential quarters,near to their places of work.Other causes lie in off-peak commuting and high sensitivity to commuting distance due to the greater extent of nonmotorized commuting modes.The conclusions,based on a large number of social surveys,are an illuminating analysis of the spatial mismatch issue among low-wage workers in Chinese cities.展开更多
With the rapid development of urbanization construction in China,population and industries are rapidly gathering in cities,bringing about economic development and also causing a large number of environmental problems,...With the rapid development of urbanization construction in China,population and industries are rapidly gathering in cities,bringing about economic development and also causing a large number of environmental problems,among which PM_(2.5) is the most concerned.In this paper,a spatial gravity center model was used to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5) and population scale in China from 1999 to 2016.Conclusions were as below:(1)there were significant regional differences in PM_(2.5) pollution from 1999 to 2016,characterized by a spatial distribution of"high in the north and low in the south,and high in the inland and low in the coastal areas".(2)Nationwide,there was a significant spatial mismatch between the gravity center of PM_(2.5) pollution and the gravity center of population scale,with the two centers showing a trend of reverse dislocation development.展开更多
With the urban expansion and economic restructuring, the jobs-housing relationship has become an important issue in studies on urban spatial structure. This paper employed a job accessibility model, which is an evalua...With the urban expansion and economic restructuring, the jobs-housing relationship has become an important issue in studies on urban spatial structure. This paper employed a job accessibility model, which is an evaluation instrument to measure the jobs-housing relationship in Beijing Metropolitan Area from a job accessibility perspective. The results indicate that the population in the central city is declining, whereas the population in the suburbs is consistently growing and forming new population centers. However, the distribution pattern of employment is still highly centralized. Job accessibility varies in different locations, but the inner-city areas(within the Third Ring road) have seen improved job accessibility over time while job accessibility in the suburbs(especially outside the Fourth Ring road) has decreased, and this has led it to become a primary area of residential and employment mismatch. At the same time, the new towns in the outer suburbs have not yet demonstrated great potential to attract more jobs. In addition we find that, to some extent, urban planning changes the jobs-housing relationship, but a polycentric urban spatial structure is not yet evident. The floating population and related housing policy also affect the jobs-housing relationship. We propose some measures to resolve the spatial mismatch as well as some future research directions.展开更多
The coordinated development of tourism resources and tourism economy is vital improve the quality and efficiency of regional tourism.Taking the ice and snow tourism in Altay region as an example,this study constructed...The coordinated development of tourism resources and tourism economy is vital improve the quality and efficiency of regional tourism.Taking the ice and snow tourism in Altay region as an example,this study constructed an evaluation indicator system and used the methods of gravity center model,spatial mismatch index model and obstacle degree model to calculate the spatial mismatch index and influencing factors of ice and snow tourism resources and tourism economy in Altay region as a whole and in each county and city.It found in the study period:(i)the ice and snow tourism resources and tourism economy in Altay region was synchronous in the development of time sequence,while the spatial distribution pattern was characterized by regional imbalance;(ii)at the macro scale,the spatial mismatch degree of the ice-snow tourism resource center and the tourism economic center in Altay region was gradually reduced,but they were always separated from the spatial geometric center of Altay region;(iii)at the micro scale,the spatial mismatch index of counties and cities in Altay region was mainly negative mismatch,and the types of spatial mismatch changed in different degrees;(iv)the factors showed certain spatial differentiation characteristics in different counties of Altay region,and there were some differences in the obstacles of different mismatch level areas,and the economic basis was the most frequent obstacle in different mismatch level areas of Altay region.展开更多
The analysis of spatial mismatches in access to employment remains a very important area of labour market literature. A particular case is that of the mismatches in urban labor markets, which can result in substantial...The analysis of spatial mismatches in access to employment remains a very important area of labour market literature. A particular case is that of the mismatches in urban labor markets, which can result in substantial differences in the employment opportunities available in city centre and suburbs. This study examines the spatial mismatches present in the labour market of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. To that end, the results of a survey taken in 2003-2004 with a sample of 2000 city residents were reviewed. Results confirm the importance of transport policy for city residents; they suggest that public transport linking the different districts to the city centre should be reviewed.展开更多
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41601158,41871162)。
文摘Research on the spatial mismatch experienced by low-income minority residents is US-centric.However,spatial mismatch is not necessarily an appropriate term when considering the situation of low-wage workers in cities of northwestern China where there is higher proximity between jobs and housing and lower levels of residential segregation.This paper empirically examines the jobs-housing spatial relationship for one of the most typical low-wage groups,namely,public janitors,in Xi’an,China.Also,the causes of the jobs-housing spatial relationship are discussed in detail.Individual-level data based on in-depth interviews and questionnaires,as well as the GIS network analysis method,are used to provide baseline analyses of the jobs-housing spatial relationship.Results indicate that there is no jobs-housing spatial mismatch for public janitors in Xi’an.This can be implied from the short commuting distance and time.A basic cause is that most public janitors rent low-cost accommodation in villages-in-the-city,and in old residential quarters,near to their places of work.Other causes lie in off-peak commuting and high sensitivity to commuting distance due to the greater extent of nonmotorized commuting modes.The conclusions,based on a large number of social surveys,are an illuminating analysis of the spatial mismatch issue among low-wage workers in Chinese cities.
文摘With the rapid development of urbanization construction in China,population and industries are rapidly gathering in cities,bringing about economic development and also causing a large number of environmental problems,among which PM_(2.5) is the most concerned.In this paper,a spatial gravity center model was used to systematically analyze the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of PM_(2.5) and population scale in China from 1999 to 2016.Conclusions were as below:(1)there were significant regional differences in PM_(2.5) pollution from 1999 to 2016,characterized by a spatial distribution of"high in the north and low in the south,and high in the inland and low in the coastal areas".(2)Nationwide,there was a significant spatial mismatch between the gravity center of PM_(2.5) pollution and the gravity center of population scale,with the two centers showing a trend of reverse dislocation development.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41271132)
文摘With the urban expansion and economic restructuring, the jobs-housing relationship has become an important issue in studies on urban spatial structure. This paper employed a job accessibility model, which is an evaluation instrument to measure the jobs-housing relationship in Beijing Metropolitan Area from a job accessibility perspective. The results indicate that the population in the central city is declining, whereas the population in the suburbs is consistently growing and forming new population centers. However, the distribution pattern of employment is still highly centralized. Job accessibility varies in different locations, but the inner-city areas(within the Third Ring road) have seen improved job accessibility over time while job accessibility in the suburbs(especially outside the Fourth Ring road) has decreased, and this has led it to become a primary area of residential and employment mismatch. At the same time, the new towns in the outer suburbs have not yet demonstrated great potential to attract more jobs. In addition we find that, to some extent, urban planning changes the jobs-housing relationship, but a polycentric urban spatial structure is not yet evident. The floating population and related housing policy also affect the jobs-housing relationship. We propose some measures to resolve the spatial mismatch as well as some future research directions.
文摘The coordinated development of tourism resources and tourism economy is vital improve the quality and efficiency of regional tourism.Taking the ice and snow tourism in Altay region as an example,this study constructed an evaluation indicator system and used the methods of gravity center model,spatial mismatch index model and obstacle degree model to calculate the spatial mismatch index and influencing factors of ice and snow tourism resources and tourism economy in Altay region as a whole and in each county and city.It found in the study period:(i)the ice and snow tourism resources and tourism economy in Altay region was synchronous in the development of time sequence,while the spatial distribution pattern was characterized by regional imbalance;(ii)at the macro scale,the spatial mismatch degree of the ice-snow tourism resource center and the tourism economic center in Altay region was gradually reduced,but they were always separated from the spatial geometric center of Altay region;(iii)at the micro scale,the spatial mismatch index of counties and cities in Altay region was mainly negative mismatch,and the types of spatial mismatch changed in different degrees;(iv)the factors showed certain spatial differentiation characteristics in different counties of Altay region,and there were some differences in the obstacles of different mismatch level areas,and the economic basis was the most frequent obstacle in different mismatch level areas of Altay region.
文摘The analysis of spatial mismatches in access to employment remains a very important area of labour market literature. A particular case is that of the mismatches in urban labor markets, which can result in substantial differences in the employment opportunities available in city centre and suburbs. This study examines the spatial mismatches present in the labour market of Santa Cruz de Tenerife. To that end, the results of a survey taken in 2003-2004 with a sample of 2000 city residents were reviewed. Results confirm the importance of transport policy for city residents; they suggest that public transport linking the different districts to the city centre should be reviewed.
