基于Johnson-Cook黏塑性模型的沥青路面车辙计算

采用Johnson-Cook模型描述沥青混合料黏塑性本构关系,通过不同温度和不同应变率下单轴压缩试验确定沥青和改性沥青混合料的Johnson-Cook黏塑性模型参数,利用ANSYS瞬态动力学分析理论,分析了在设计年限内当量轴次和超载等不同条件下对沥青路面车辙变形的影响。结果表明:使用天然岩沥青改性沥青面层比基质沥青面层的抗车辙性能均提高20%,符合沥青路面车辙变形实际情况;基于Johnson-Cook黏塑性模型的车辙计算方法,为沥青路面车辙研究提供了一种新的思路和技术途径。

Q235B钢Johnson-Cook模型参数的确定

使用万能材料试验机、扭转试验机和霍普金森拉杆装置研究了Q235B钢在常温~950℃的准静态、动态力学性能,获得了Q235B强度与等效塑性应变,应变率和温度的关系以及延性与应力三轴度,应变率和温度的关系。基于实验结果,修改了Johnson-Cook（J-C）强度模型中的应变强化项以及Johnson-Cook失效模型中的温度软化项,并结合数值仿真标定了相关模型参数。最后通过Taylor撞击试验验证了模型参数的有效性。

Johnson-Cook材料模型参数的实验测定

介绍一种通过Hopkinson拉伸实验、圆筒爆炸试验和计算机仿真来确定Johnson-Cook材料模型中相关常数的方法.

高应变率变形的Johnson-Cook动态本构模型参数识别方法

Johnson-Cook动态模型是非常重要的材料模型,被广泛应用于冲击动力学数值模拟.通过准静态单轴拉伸和单轴扭转试验获得应变硬化函数中的参数,给出Johnson-Cook模型中热软化参数和应变强化参数的确定方法.采用最优化算法识别材料参数,算法上,在参数空间采用迭代求解,寻找最优点使得实验数据与模型预测之间的偏差最小.讨论了考虑绝热温升影响的JC模型参数m的确定方法.

双相钢HC420/780DP动态力学性能及其本构模型研究

在应变率分别为0.001、0.100、1.000、10.000、100.000 s^(-1)和200.000 s^(-1)的条件下,测试了双相钢HC420/780DP的高速拉伸性能,研究了其在不同应变率下的动态力学行为,得到了不同应变率下的真应力‐真应变曲线,分析了其屈服强度、抗拉强度、流变应力以及断裂延伸率随应变率的变化规律。结果表明,随着应变率的升高,双相钢HC420/780DP的屈服强度、抗拉强度和流变应力均有所升高,断裂延伸率呈现先升高后降低的趋势。另外,基于Johnson‐Cook本构模型,建立并修正了双相钢HC420/780DP与动态应变率相关的塑性本构模型,并验证了修正后的模型。结果表明,通过修正得到的本构模型与试验曲线拟合效果较好。

多周期最优露天矿生产计划模型的近似解法

美国T .B .Johnson曾提出编制露天矿生产进度计划Johnson模型。本文论述用CPM网络和目标规划法的近似模型来解该生产进度计划问题的最新算法。

A modified Johnson-Cook model for NC warm bending of large diameter thin-walled Ti-6Al-4V tube in wide ranges of strain rates and temperatures

Numerical control（NC） warm bending is a proven strategy to form the large diameter thin-walled（LDTW） Ti-6 Al-4 V tubes, which are typical light-weight and high-performance structural components urgently required in many industries. In virtue of unveiling the thermo-mechanical coupled deformation behaviors, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted on Ti-6 Al-4 V tube within wide ranges of temperatures（25-600 ℃） and strain rates（0.00067-0.1 s～（-1））. Moreover, a modified Johnson-Cook（JC） model is proposed with a consideration of nonlinear strain rate hardening and the interaction between strain hardening and thermal softening. Resultantly, the present model gives more accurate predictions for flow stress over the entire deformation ranges and the maximum error decreases by about 90%. By employing proposed model to NC warm bending, preferable precision is obtained in predicting forming defects including fracture, wrinkling and over thinning. The present work lays foundation for the forming limit prediction and process optimization in NC warm bending of LDTW Ti-6 Al-4 V tubes.

考虑损伤效应的无铅焊锡材料的率相关本构模型

考虑冲击过程中无铅焊锡材料试件中的损伤影响,根据实验数据确定了损伤演化参数,对原模型进行了修正,给出了Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu和Sn3.5Ag两种无铅焊锡材料考虑损伤效应的率相关本构模型.结果表明,修正后的模型与实验结果吻合较好.

Adiabatic shear sensitivity of ductile metal based on gradient-dependent JOHNSON-COOK model

Based on the expression proposed by WANG for the local plastic shear deformation distribution in the adiabatic shear band（ASB） using gradient-dependent plasticity,the effects of 10 parameters on the adiabatic shear sensitivity were studied.The experimental data for a flow line in the ASB obtained by LIAO and DUFFY were fitted by use of the curve-fitting least squares method and the proposed expression.The critical plastic shear strains corresponding to the onset of the ASB for Ti-6Al-4V were assessed at different assigned ASB widths.It is found that the proposed expression describes well the non-linear deformation characteristics of the flow line in the ASB.Some parameters in the JOHNSON-COOK model are back-calculated using different critical plastic shear strains.The adiabatic shear sensitivity decreases as initial static yield stress,work to heat conversion factor and strain-rate parameter decrease,which is opposite to the effects of density,heat capacity,ambient temperature and strain-hardening exponent.The present model can predict the ASB width evolution process.The predicted ASB width decreases with straining until a stable value is reached.The famous model proposed by DODD and BAI only can predict a final stable value.

基于矩的传递函数模型的“不兼容”非高斯风压过程模拟研究

非高斯风压的准确模拟对于建筑结构抗风设计非常重要。由于简便性,基于矩的Hermite多项式模型(HPM)和Johnson转换模型(JTM)常用于非高斯风压模拟。在实际模拟中,由两种模型表示的概率分布与非高斯风压目标功率谱可能出现“不兼容”。现阶段对于HPM和JTM出现不兼容的难易程度差异尚不明确,两种模型出现不兼容情况时模拟“不兼容”非高斯风压的效果亦不清楚。基于此,该文章系统全面地研究了HPM和JTM出现不兼容的难易程度和模拟“不兼容”非高斯风压的效果。首先,介绍了基于HPM和JTM模拟“不兼容”非高斯风压的方法;其次,从理论上对比了两个模型出现不兼容情况的异同;最后,基于数值案例系统对比和评估了两种模型模拟“不兼容”非高斯风压的效果。结果表明:随着偏度增加,基于HPM和JTM的非高斯模拟更易出现不兼容;JTM对“不兼容”非高斯风压的模拟效果稍好于HPM。

6061⁃T6铝合金材料的冲击压缩力学性能实验与数值模拟

为了探究6061‑T6铝合金的冲击力学性能和在防护结构上的应用前景,采用实验与数值模拟相结合的方法开展分析研究。根据多组准静态压缩及冲击压缩实验数据,对Johnson‑Cook本构模型的相应参数进行了拟合;再进行数值模拟分析,并把数值模拟的结果与实验结果对比分析。最终,得到了6061‑T6铝合金在常温下的屈服强度、峰值应力等力学参数;拟合出了6061‑T6铝合金J‑C模型的相应参数;研究表明6061‑T6铝合金是一种应变率敏感材料,其屈服强度、流动应力峰值随着应变率的提高而提高,同时材料对冲击荷载的能量吸收也越来越多;当应变率为1600 s^(-1)时,相对于准静态,其屈服强度和极限承载力分别提高了30%、78%;数值模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好,表明拟合的J‑C模型能够较好地表现出6061‑T6铝合金在高应变率下的应力流动行为。研究成果可为6061‑T6铝合金材料冲击动力学分析和在抗爆结构上的应用提供依据和参考,其在防护工程,防灾减灾工程领域上应用前景广阔。

露天矿生产计划问题

在基于 T.B.Johnson提出的编制露天矿的生产进度计划 Johnson模型的基础上 ,着重论述用综合集合法、CPM网络和目标规划法的近似模型来解该生产进度计划问题的最新算法。

90%钨合金损伤初探

本文通过对９０％钨合金的层裂实验，井借助于扫描电镜等金相观察的手段，探讨了钨合金中损伤成核、成长、汇合的机理．认为在研究钨合金的损伤断裂时．可近似地把它当作一种类延性材料处理．并将Ｊｏｈｎｓｏｎ演化模型编入一维ｌａｇｒａｎｇｅ差分程序中，对层裂实验进行了数值模拟．结果与实验值基本符合．

Dynamic mechanical properties and constitutive equations of 2519A aluminum alloy

To analyze the effects of strain rate and temperature on the flow stress of 2519A aluminum alloy, the dynamic mechanical properties of 2519A aluminum alloy were measured by dynamic impact tests and quasi-static tensile tests. The effects of strain rate and temperature on the microstructure evolution were investigated by optical microscopy （OM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The experimental results indicate that 2519A aluminum alloy exhibits strain-rate dependence and temperature susceptibility under dynamic impact. The constitutive constants for Johnson--Cook material model were determined by the quasi-static tests and Hopkinson bar experiments using the methods of variable separation and nonlinear fitting. The constitutive equation seems to be consistent with the experimental results, which provides reference for mechanical characteristics and numerical simulation of ballistic performance.

Modeling of multi-depth slanted airgun source for deghosting

To obtain high-resolution of the subsurface structure, we modeled multidepth slanted airgun sources to attenuate the source ghost. By firing the guns in sequence according to their relative depths, such a source can build constructive primaries and destructive ghosts. To evaluate the attenuation of ghosts, the normalized squared error of the spectrum of the actual vs the expected signature is computed. We used a typical 680 cu.in airgun string and found via simulations that a depth interval of 1 or 1.5 m between airguns is optimum when considering deghosting performance and operational feasibility. When more subarrays are combined, preliminary simulations are necessary to determine the optimum depth combination. The frequency notches introduced by the excess use of subarrays may negatively affect the deghosting performance. Two or three slanted subarrays can be combined to remove the ghost effect. The sequence combination may partly affect deghosting but this can be eliminated by matched filtering. Directivity comparison shows that a multi-depth slanted source can significantly attenuate the notches and widen the energy transmission stability area.

材料应变率曲线在汽车碰撞模拟中的应用

金属材料在不同应变率下的真实应力应变曲线是汽车碰撞模拟的一个关键。通过拉伸试验的方法获得了某车架板材的Johnson-Cook本构方程,然后根据该方程计算得到了车架板材在不同应变率下的曲线图,将真实应力应变曲线应用于S形薄壁梁的碰撞模拟及某越野车的40%偏置碰撞模拟中。通过与实车碰撞试验对比,结果表明:笔者提出的应变率曲线的获取方法是可行的。最后笔者还针对原车碰撞安全性不足的问题提出了一些改进措施。

Identification of constitutive model parameters for nickel aluminum bronze in machining

The material of nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) presents superior properties such as high strength, excellent wear resistance and stress corrosion resistance and is extensively used for marine propellers. In order to establish the constitutive relation of NAB under high strain rate condition, a new methodology was proposed to accurately identify the constitutive parameters of Johnson?Cook model in machining, combining SHPB tests, predictive cutting force model and orthogonal cutting experiment. Firstly, SHPB tests were carried out to obtain the true stress?strain curves at various temperatures and strain rates. Then, an objective function of the predictive and experimental flow stresses was set up, which put the identified parameters of SHPB tests as the initial value, and utilized the PSO algorithm to identify the constitutive parameters of NAB in machining. Finally, the identified parameters were verified to be sufficiently accurate by comparing the values of cutting forces calculated from the predictive model and FEM simulation.

1215钢动态应力-应变行为

系统研究了1215钢的热变形行为,分析了应变、应变速度和温度对钢的流变应力的影响规律.通过热模拟实验,研究分析了不同的应变速率和应变温度条件下1215钢的应力-应变曲线.以实验数据为基础,以Johnson-Cook本构模型为依据,讨论了拟合分析Johnson-Cook方程参数的方法.通过实验数据的拟合分析,得到了表达1215钢流变应力随应变、应变速度和形变温度的数学方程,为研究1215钢的动态应力-应变行为提供了基础.研究工作表明,理论计算与实验数据得到了较好的吻合.

扇形孔爆破裂隙的数值模拟

对扇形孔爆破裂隙产生机理的认识可以为改进爆破方案提供科学依据。利用程潮铁矿中深孔落矿参数及岩石的基本力学参数,通过AUTODYN软件,应用Johnson-Holmquist(J-H)材料模型,来模拟岩石爆破产生的裂隙。通过在炮孔之间的孔底、中间和孔口位置添加高斯点来记录爆破过程中最大爆破应力变化。通过模拟结果分析,炮孔越是密集的地方爆破应力越大,爆破裂隙也越多;相邻炮孔间隔时间起爆可以大幅度提升孔底岩石的最大爆破应力;相邻炮孔间距较小时,间隔时间起爆的作用就不明显了,岩石受到的最大爆破应力主要受距离近的炮孔爆破应力波的影响。

20号钢的冲击拉伸力学性能试验研究

利用旋转盘式间接杆杆型冲击拉伸试验装置对20号钢进行了三个应变率的冲击拉伸试验研究,得到了材料在不同应变率下的应力应变曲线。结果表明,随着应变率的增加,材料的极限强度随之增大,具有明显的应变率强化效应。根据材料在不同应变率下的试验结果,拟合了Johnson-Cook模型中的材料常数,并修正了应变率强化系数C,确定了20号钢的Johnson-Cook本构关系。数据拟合结果与试验结果吻合良好。