A survey on joint-operation application for unmanned swarm formations under a complex confrontation environment

With the rapid development of informatization,autonomy and intelligence,unmanned swarm formation intelligent operations will become the main combat mode of future wars.Typical unmanned swarm formations such as ground-based directed energy weapon formations,space-based kinetic energy weapon formations,and sea-based carrier-based formations have become the trump card for winning future wars.In a complex confrontation environment,these sophisticated weapon formation systems can precisely strike mobile threat group targets,making them extreme deterrents in joint combat applications.Based on this,first,this paper provides a comprehensive summary of the outstanding advantages,strategic position and combat style of unmanned clusters in joint warfare to highlight their important position in future warfare.Second,a detailed analysis of the technological breakthroughs in four key areas,situational awareness,heterogeneous coordination,mixed combat,and intelligent assessment of typical unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)swarms in joint warfare,is presented.An in-depth analysis of the UAV swarm communication networking operating mechanism during joint warfare is provided to lay the theoretical foundation for subsequent cooperative tracking and control.Then,an indepth analysis of the shut-in technology requirements of UAV clusters in joint warfare is provided to lay a theoretical foundation for subsequent cooperative tracking control.Finally,the technical requirements of UAV clusters in joint warfare are analysed in depth so the key technologies can form a closed-loop kill chain system and provide theoretical references for the study of intelligent command operations.

Study on the Characteristics of A New Hybrid Mooring System for DualPlatform Joint Operations

As the sustainable exploitation of marine resources develops,dual-platform joint operation has caught increasing attention.Dual-platform joint operation requires smaller relative motion between the two sub-platforms,which is normally difficult to be satisfied by the traditional mooring system.Therefore,a new hybrid mooring system is developed and studied in this article.To ensure safety during platform movements,both the number of anchor chains and the relative motion between the two sub-platforms are reduced in the new hybrid mooring system.By performing numerical simulations based on three-dimensional potential flow theory in AQWA and physical experiments,the performances of both the new hybrid and traditional mooring systems under two different wave conditions(i.e.,working wave and freak wave conditions) are systematically investigated.Regarding the new hybrid mooring system,the relative stability between the two sub-platforms of the new system is better,and the platforms can restore stability faster when affected by freak waves.

ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model for mission effectiveness of joint operation system

Effectiveness evaluation of the joint operation system is an important basis for the demonstration and development of weapon equipment.With the consideration that existing models of system effectiveness evaluation seldom describe the structural relationship among equipment clearly as well as reflect the dynamic,the analog-to-digital converter-graphical evaluation and review technique(ADC-GERT)network parameter estimation model is proposed based on the ADC model and the joint operation system structure.Firstly,analysis of the joint operation system structure and operation process is conducted to build the GERT network,where equipment subsystems are nodes and activities are directed arches.Then the mission effectiveness of equipment subsystems is calculated by the ADC model.The probability transfer parameters are modified by the mission effectiveness of equipment subsystems based on the Bayesian theorem,with the ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model constructed.Finally,a case study is used to validate the efficiency and dynamic of the ADC-GERT network parameter estimation model.

Hemocoagulase Injection blood anesthesia in joint operation

Objective:To investigate the role of Hemocoagulase Injection used in the joint operation and the effect on the blood coagulable function.Methods:A total of 60 patients who undergoing joint operation in our hospital were randomly divided into two groups.Experiment group(Group A,n=30)was injected with 2 U Hemocoagulase Injection in 5 min before anesthesia induction.The contrast group(Group B,n=30)was treated with 0.9%normal saline in 5 min before anesthesia induction.Then common anesthesia was given to the two groups of patients.The venous blood was withdrawn for blood routine examination,thrombelastography and coagulable function at the time of pre-inducement, end of operation,and in 6 and 12 h after operation.The change of thrombelastograph and coagulable state were monitored during the whole surgery.And the volume of transfusion and hemorrhage between two groups was contrasted. Results:After the use of Hemocoagulase Injection,the operative time was shortened obviously(P<0.05).The volumes hemorrhage and transfusion was obviously smaller in Group A than in Group B(P<0.01).Hemocoagulase Injection did not influence fibrinogen and thrombelastograph of Group A(P>0.05).Conclusion:Hemocoagulase Injection can reduce the volumes of hemorrhage and transfusion and not influence the coagulable function.It is worth using in the joint operation.

Superconducting joints using reacted multifilament MgB_(2)wires:A technology toward cryogen-free MRI magnets

The development of superconducting joining technology for reacted magnesium diboride(MgB_(2))conductors remains a critical challenge for the advancement of cryogen-free MgB_(2)-based magnets for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).Herein,the fabrication of superconducting joints using reacted carbon-doped multifilament MgB_(2)wires for MRI magnets is reported.To achieve successful superconducting joints,the powder-in-mold method was employed,which involved tuning the filament protection mechanism,the powder compaction pressure,and the heat treatment condition.The fabricated joints demonstrated clear superconducting-to-normal transitions in self-field,with effective magnetic field screening up to 0.5 T at 20 K.To evaluate the interface between one of the MgB_(2)filaments and the MgB_(2)bulk within the joint,serial sectioning was conducted for the first time in this type of superconducting joint.The serial sectioning revealed space formation at the interface,potentially caused by the volume shrinkage associated with the MgB_(2)formation or the combined effect of the volume shrinkage and the different thermal expansion coefficients of the MgB_(2)bulk,the filament,the mold,and the sealing material.These findings are expected to be pivotal in developing MgB_(2)superconducting joining technology for MRI magnet applications through interface engineering.

Study on joint optimization operation scheme forPangduo reservoir and Zhikong reservoir

The cascade hydropower system composed of Pangduo reservoir and Zhikong reservoir are formed on the middlereach of the main Lasahe river. For giving full play of joint compensation effect of the two reservoirs, the paper studied the joint operationscheme for Pangduo reservoir and Zhikong reservoir. Based on the respective operation scheme, a reservoir group joint operationmodel is built, the model is solved by the simulation- optimization method, and then the practical and operational scheme isachieved. The scheme could give full play of the joint regulation and storage effect of the reservoir group and improve effectivelythe utilization factor of hydropower resources.

Autonomous process collaboration framework for C4ISR system interoperation

Interoperability plays an important role in the joint command, control, communication, computer, intelligence, surveillance, reconnaissance(C4 ISR) operations. Coordinating and integrating operational processes to fulfill a common mission are challenged by the ever-changing battlefield and hence requires a cross-organizational process management that produces an autonomous, flexible and adaptable architecture for collaborative process evolution. The traditional business process collaboration pattern is based on the predefined "public-view" perspective and cannot meet the requirement of the joint task operations. This paper proposes a flexible visibility control mechanism and a dynamic collaboration framework for modeling and generating collaborative processes. The mechanism allows collaborators to define a set of visibility rules to generate different views of the private processes for different collaborations, which gives a great flexibility for the collaboration initiator to decide on an appropriate collaboration pattern. The framework supports collaborators to dynamically and recursively add a new process or even a new organization to an existing collaboration. Moreover, a formal representation of the processes and a set of generation algorithms are provided to consolidate the proposed theory.

Simulation-optimization model of reservoir operation based on target storage curves

This paper proposes a new storage allocation rule based on target storage curves. Joint operating rules are also proposed to solve the operation problems of a multi-reservoir system with joint demands and water transfer-supply projects. The joint operating rules include a water diversion rule to determine the amount of diverted water in a period, a hedging rule based on an aggregated reservoir to determine the total release from the system, and a storage allocation rule to specify the release from each reservoir. A simulation-optimization model was established to optimize the key points of the water diversion curves, the hedging rule curves, and the target storage curves using the improved particle swarm optimization （IPSO） algorithm. The multi-reservoir water supply system located in Liaoning Province, China, including a water transfer-supply project, was employed as a case study to verify the effectiveness of the proposed join operating rules and target storage curves. The results indicate that the proposed operating rules are suitable for the complex system. The storage allocation rule based on target storage curves shows an improved performance with regard to system storage distribution.

面向战区联合作战的空间需求响应任务规划

针对战区联合作战中的空间需求响应问题,描述了面向战区联合作战的空间需求响应任务规划的背景;从空间资源能力、空间需求响应机制、空间需求响应效益和代价等方面,分析了空间需求响应任务规划所需考虑的主要因素;定义并描述了任务规划模型,设计了任务规划计算方法,并结合战区联合作战实际进行了案例仿真与分析,验证了模型和方法的有效性,为战区联合作战中空间需求的有效响应提供了理论和方法支撑。

基于元模型订单的联合作战仿真协同建模机制

研究了不同层次作战实验室协同开展联合作战仿真建模的问题。分析了联合作战仿真建模需求,并运用元模型建模原理及其特点,建立了一种基于元模型订单的联合作战仿真协同建模机制。基于该机制,战役层与战术层作战实验室围绕元模型订单的下发与提交,在统一作战想定下进行了元模型功能分解、参数确定、试验构建和聚合应用等活动,从而实现了联合作战协同建模。以面向海上封锁作战效能评估的联合作战仿真建模为例,验证了该机制的有效性。

长江梯级水库群联合调度成效、挑战及对策

经过70 a的建设,长江流域控制性水库群基本建成。以三峡水库为核心的梯级水库群联合调度已经开展10 a。在总结控制性水库群在防洪、供水、生态和应急联合调度取得成绩的基础上,分析控制性水库群及与水网工程联合调度面临的问题和挑战,提出了相应的对策建议。研究表明:水库群联合调度因流域防洪调度而启,目前在防洪、抗旱供水、生态环境和应急等公益调度中发挥了重要作用。气候变化及水文中长期预报不确定性是联合调度面临的主要挑战,其次是水库群联合调度与单个水库多目标调度利益协调、定量评价调度效果及合理的补偿等管理问题。加强“四预”是解决气候变化和人类活动不确定性的主要对策。水库群与水网工程联合调度可以更广泛地发挥水利工程水安全保障作用。建立科学合理的水工程群联合调度体制和机制是解决联合调度管理问题的有效措施。

深化职业教育产教融合的关键是实现跨界组织实体化运作

深化产教融合是职业教育实现高质量发展的核心举措。改革开放以来,我国职业教育产教融合在政策牵引和实践演绎的相互作用下,展现了由松散到紧密、由浅层次到深层次的演变历程。但长期以来,产教“融而不合”、校企“跨而不实”的现实困境始终难以破题。伴随市域产教联合体、行业产教融合共同体等新型产教跨界组织的产生与发展,以制度突破为基本前提,推进跨界组织的实体化运作成为深化职业教育产教融合的关键。而实现这一点,需要跨界组织具有符合实际的组织结构、发挥实效的主导权力、约束有力的职责分工、稳定的利益共享机制、有效的激励保障政策,也需要多方主体协同有效的共建共治。

数字经济下农村物流共同配送运营模式研究

随着我国数字乡村建设和电子商务向农村的深入,农村物流正向高质量发展转变。本文采用案例分析法研究数字经济下我国农村物流共同配送模式的运行流程及运营现状,发现其中存在产业结构不合理、基础设施落后、配送资源缺乏共享等问题。针对上述问题,提出设立共同配送管理机构、加强物流基础设施建设、打造物流共同配送联盟等发展性建议,以期解决数字经济下我国农村物流共同配送难题。

考虑碳排放流的电-气互联系统源荷互动低碳经济调度

为应对电力系统存在的弃风、碳排放较高等问题,基于碳排放流理论提出了一种电-气互联系统源荷互动低碳经济调度模型。基于电力系统碳排放流计算方法,推导得到考虑气网动态特性的天然气系统碳排放流计算方法;构建以储液罐装置为主的储碳系统(CSS),CSS与火电机组(TU)、风电机组(WT)、电转气(P2G)设备组成TU-CSS-P2G-WT的联合运行方式;源侧以系统日运行总成本最小计算得到能源网络的碳势时空分布,荷侧根据源侧的碳势信号,基于低碳响应机制建立激励型低碳需求响应模型,合理调整用能行为最小化用户购能总成本;建立源荷互动两阶段低碳经济调度模型,并利用GUROBI进行求解。通过改进由IEEE 39节点和比利时20节点构成的电-气互联系统进行算例分析,验证了所提模型的低碳经济性和灵活性。

基于任务优先权的军民航飞行活动协同排序模型

随着空域资源需求的不断增大,军民航间飞行矛盾日益突显。为解决此问题,本文以国务院、中央军事委员会空中交通管制委员会提出的“军民航空管联合运行”为背景,引入军民航共享空域的概念,重点研究了在此类空域中军民航飞行活动协同排序(CMFCS,civil-military aviation flight activity collaborative sequencing)问题。首先,基于军民航各自飞行任务特点与差异,对军民航飞行任务的种类进行划分,并使用层次分析法确定各类飞行任务的优先权原则;其次,以军民航飞行活动总延误时间成本最小为目标,建立CMFCS模型;最后,使用遗传算法对模型进行求解,确定军民航飞行活动批准进入共享空域的时间序列。研究结果表明,与经典的先到先服务(FCFS,first come first service)策略相比,协同排序策略得到的总延误时间成本降低了72.17%,优化效果显著且更符合实际,能够实现军民航共同使用国家空域资源,保障飞行活动安全、有序、高效地运行。

水库群蓄水调度多目标随机规划与聚类分析

梯级水库群汛后蓄水期蓄水时机、速率、次序决策面临径流不确定、多目标竞合关系复杂等问题。针对蓄水期决策难题,构建发电、蓄满、生态、上、下游防洪安全等指标的水库群多目标随机规划模型,生成非劣解集;采用K均值聚类法提取非劣解集类别特征,分析目标矛盾关系及蓄水机制。以溪洛渡-葛洲坝梯级水库群为例,结果表明:蓄水期来水越枯,蓄水难度越大,综合效益越低,枯水年发电量较丰水年下降了21.6%;上游防洪安全与发电量矛盾性最强,由枯到丰相关系数降低了0.047;溪洛渡、三峡蓄水呈分段式变化,前期快速蓄水,中后期缓速蓄水。本研究提出的耦合水库群多目标随机规划与聚类分析方法对于科学制定水库群蓄水方案具有参考价值。

不同生态流量需求下雅砻江中下游梯级电站联合优化调度

为协同雅砻江干流水力发电与河道生态流量需求,以中下游7座电站为研究对象,进行不同生态流量需求下雅砻江中下游梯级电站联合优化调度。基于改进型可变月径流法,计算了雅砻江主要生态控制断面最小、适宜及最佳生态流量过程;构建了以梯级发电量最大化为目标的雅砻江中下游梯级电站联合优化调度模型,并用遗传算法对其求解。结果表明:(1)随河道生态流量需求的提高,梯级电站发电效益和水资源利用效率均下降,其中锦屏二级电站发电量下降最为显著;(2)梯级电站保障发电效益正常发挥的同时,实施联合优化调度,其下游河道能维持更高层次的生态流量,一定程度缓解了流域水能开发利用与河道生态保护间的关系。

考虑氢能利用与碳捕集联合灵活运行的综合能源系统源荷低碳优化

为提高综合能源系统的低碳特性和新能源消纳能力,提出一种考虑氢能利用与碳捕集电厂联合灵活运行的综合能源系统源荷低碳优化调度策略。首先,引入溶液存储器和烟气旁路系统,建立碳捕集电厂综合灵活运行模型,针对氢能转换特性建立氢能利用模型,并提出碳捕集电厂-氢能利用的联合灵活运行模型;其次,构建计及价格型、激励型的综合需求响应模型;最后,以最优经济和低碳为目标,构建了综合能源系统低碳经济调度模型。仿真结果表明,考虑碳捕集电厂-氢能利用联合运行模型能有效降低系统碳排放量,实现综合能源系统经济、环保运行。

儿童肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位的治疗探讨

目的儿童肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位罕见,临床治疗方式不统一,本文旨在总结此类损伤的治疗经验。方法回顾性分析苏州大学附属儿童医院骨科2017年1月1日至2022年5月31日收治的5例肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位患儿临床资料,总结患儿影像学特征、治疗方案与预后情况。结果5例中,2例予皮肤牵引治疗,3例予手术治疗,均骨折愈合,末次摄片提示肩关节脱位复位良好;随访2~17个月,肩关节活动无受限、无疼痛。结论儿童肱骨近端骨折合并肩关节脱位可先尝试手法复位及皮肤牵引。对于活动不配合且手法复位失败者,可采取麻醉下穿刺抽液后闭合复位克氏针内固定治疗,如闭合复位失败再行切开复位内固定。

改良体位对乳腺手术过程及效果的影响

目的分析改良体位对乳腺手术过程及效果的影响。方法选择2019年1月至2021年1月接受乳腺手术治疗的86例患者作为研究对象,按数表法将其分为对照组与观察组,每组43例。对照组患者在手术治疗过程中采取常规仰卧位;观察组患者则将腋窝抬高,使腋后线、头顶部均与床边缘对齐,医护人员在手术操作过程中适当调整操作位置、方式。对2组手术实施过程中的相关指标(手术时间、术中出血量、无影灯调节次数)、术后并发症发生率、肩关节活动度及其达标率进行比较。结果对照组的手术时间长于观察组(t=3.340,P<0.05),其术中出血量、无影灯调节次数均多于观察组(t=2.752、t=3.263,P<0.05);对照组术后并发症发生率高于观察组,肩关节活动度达标率低于观察组(χ^(2)=5.460、χ^(2)=4.914,P<0.05);2组术后1天肩关节活动度无明显差异(P>0.05),术后2个月,对照组肩关节的前屈、外旋、内收、内旋、外展、后伸的活动度均小于观察组(t=2.985、t=2.760、t=3.506、t=2.988、t=3.630、t=2.246,P<0.05)。结论对于采用乳腺手术治疗者,术中对其进行改良体位指导可以缩短手术时间,减少术中出血量及无影灯调节次数,并降低术后并发症发生率,有利于患者肩关节功能的恢复。